Diffusion of the iPad Diffusion of the iPad into the Brandywine into the Brandywine School DistrictSchool District

Leandra LewisWalden University

What is an iPad?

A multi-touch screen tablet device that is about the size of the average paperback and lightweight. The iPad provides users quick access to resources via the internet or through Apple’s App store. The responsive touch screen allows for ease of use and manipulation of tools.

Multi-Touch Screen

Multi-touch sensing is able to recognize the presence of two or more points of contact with the surface. With this capability users are able to use such features as pinch to zoom. It also accommodate multiple users simultaneously.

iPad Apps0 The App Store keeps the

classroom at your fingertips with thousands of apps available for download. Students can use apps to take notes, and track assignments, while teachers can give lesson, monitor progress and stay organized. Many apps are available for free, but for those that have a minimal cost, Apple offers a volume purchase program for institutions to help minimize this added expense.

Teaching and Learning at Your Fingertips

0 How students learn has transformed in this digital age and how we teach them needs to be a reflection of this change. With the iPad teachers are able to use a device well known to students to create a learning experience that will engage everyone and extend beyond the four walls of the traditional classroom.

Need: what problem or need existed that gave rise to the ipad?

0 Increase student engagement in the learning environment.

0Using interactive applications to increase achievement of special education students.

0Embrace current technology that students are exposed to outside of school.

0Limited opportunities for students to explore and share their learning with others in the class.

0 Inability of teachers to manage multiple tasks and recordkeeping.

Research: Who met these needs?

Today there are many companies that have produced tablets to compete with the iPad. While most of these are less expensive, Apple’s iPad by far provides the most resources that can be used to benefit all learners in the classroom environment. Apple’s products are designed to inspire creativity and hands on learning that can be easily integrated into any curriculum to increase engagement and learning in the classroom.

English Language Arts

Students can find an app to master various skills in both reading and writing.

Grammar Up HD

Shakespeare in Bits

How Rocket Learned to Read

http://www.apple.com/education/apps/For more information visit:

MathematicsApple has provided more interactive ways to make learning math engaging and fun for all students.

Mathboard

Math Bingo

For more information visit: http://www.apple.com/education/apps/

Apps in ScienceStudents will use the Apps to learn more about biology, physics, chemistry, anatomy, astronomy, and much more.

Monster Anatomy

Star Walk

For more information visit: http://www.apple.com/education/apps/

History and GeographyUse these Apps to explore the world from past to present. History: Maps of World

Virtual History ROMA

AP U.S. History

For more information visit: http://www.apple.com/education/apps/

Language DevelopementThese Apps help students who are learning English as a second language or any other language. These Apps will provide help in reading, writing, speaking, and vocabulary.

Intro to Letters by Montessorium

For more information visit: http://www.apple.com/education/apps/

Accessibility

There are Apps available to help those with visual and hearing challenges in addition to those with different learning styles.

Proloquo2Go

Assistive ChatScene Speak

For more information visit: http://www.apple.com/education/apps/

Possible challenges for implementing iPads into the classroom

0Requires a wireless environment for use in the classroom. If schools are not currently functioning with wireless capabilities, there will be an added expense.

0Costs per unit starts at $499. Is the iPad something that you want each student to have or one per classroom? Bundle packages are available for larger orders.

0For whole group instruction connections to a projector or the use of a document camera is required.

iPad Sales0Apple’s iPad was introduced in April 2010. Prior to

its launch, there was already an interest in how it could be used as a learning tool in the classroom.A 4th grade teacher from Homestead Elementary School was impressed with the iPad 3 months prior to the launch and said “ personally I wouldn't buy a $1,200 laptop for the classroom, but it sounds like the iPad would not only be useful and portable, but also more affordable” – Ashlee Ritzko

0Marketing research firm, iSuppli, projected that sales would initially be driven by early adopters but as time passed, others would be attracted to the user interface. This lead them to project sales of the iPad exceeding 60 million by the end of 2012.

S-Curve for iPads

The s-curve for the iPad is still in a growth rate after only being on the market for almost 2 years. Sales rates will continue to increase with Apple allowing other retailers to market and sell the iPad. In their last quarter sales, Apple reported 9.25 million iPads sold which was higher than Wall Street projections for overall tablet sales of 8 million. While sales are still on an upward progression, it is unclear how many have been purchased by educational institutions.

S-Curve for iPad

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Timeline

Impacts on EducationSeveral districts in states across the country have begun implementing the iPad as an instructional and learning tool. As time passes, the rate of adoption of the iPad into education increases. So we can safely say that the iPad is quickly approaching critical mass.

Impacts on Education0 Schools have been able to reduce costs by eliminating the

use of textbooks and cutting their paper supply.0Apple has joined forces with textbook publishers to

develop programs for the iPad that match textbook curriculums.

0 Secondary courses such as Music, Art, and Foreign Language can find Apps that can be used in instruction.

0 Students with special needs gain independence that may be not be achieved with the traditional media.

0Piloted in school districts in New York, California, New Jersey, Arizona, Illinois, and North Carolina.

Ipad as a Management Tool0Teachers can organize lessons, record attendance,

and manage student grades.0Educators can immediately assess student work and

provide instant feedback. 0Ability for educators to collaborate and share

instructional lessons with others easily.0Data is transferrable to a PC or MAC system with ease.0Administrators become more mobile and can provide

instant feedback to teachers after observations.

iPad – Instructional Tool

0Replaces the need for physical textbooks.0Opportunity for teachers and student to correspond.0Students can collaborate with multiple learners in the

classroom.0Test preparation.0 Interactive learning that engages all students.0Submit class projects and homework.0Students create digital portfolio of their learning.

Decentralized vs. Centralized Approach0 Implementing the iPad will take a joint effort of those

educators who are already familiar with the device and the administrative team.

0There would be a mixed (hybrid) approach for the adoptions of the iPad.0 Funding and the Implementation schedule will be

centralized by district officials.0 Purchase of the Apps and learning tools will be

decentralized by building. Not all schools (K-5, Middle, and High) will utilize the same Apps because of differences in curriculum and student population.

Change Agents0 Most educators recognize the need for implementing devices like

the iPad into the classroom learning environment. Those who oppose (laggards) this change due so because of the fear that the traditional approach to learning is lost when you begin implementing these digital tools. However, research has shown that these devices bring an added value to all learners in the classroom; visual, tactile, auditory, plus can be used as a tool that benefits students with special needs.

0 To help sway the laggards into adopting this device, they will need opportunities to try the device first hand to see what opportunities it has as an instructional tool.

0 Laggards also need to understand that the iPad is not replacing teaching as they know it, but providing an added value to their current lessons.

Seven Roles of Change Agents

0Develop a need for change.0Establish an information exchange relationship.0Diagnose problems.0Create an intent to change.0Translate an intent into action.0Stabilize the adoption and prevent

discontinuance.0Achieve a terminal relationship.

Create an Intent to Change

0For years educators have been using multiple devices for auditory, visual cues, and hands on instructional aides.

0Today, we can still have the use of all of these instructional aides but through one device, iPad.

0The use of one device that is capable of performing multiple tasks will be easier for teachers to manage during their instruction.

0Will provide ample time for all learners to engage in the lesson.

Translate Intent into Action

0Those educators currently using the iPad will play a pivotal role during this process. Teachers who are currently familiar with the iPad and its many capabilities can provide demonstrations on how to use the device and the various tools that are available.

0Establish peer groups to assist with the implementing and training of the iPad.

Stabilized Adoption and Prevent Discontinuance

0Continue use of peer groups, possibly broken down by grade clusters, to discuss successes and concerns with use of the iPad.

0Keep abreast of how other schools are using the iPad in the classroom and look for new opportunities to enhance instruction.

0Allow students and parents to provide feedback on how they feel the use of the iPad has changed the learning environment.

Benefits of the iPad

0Technology is transforming the daily practice of administrators, educators, and students. Each year educational resources become more digitized to compliment the latest technology. In addition, most students are already familiar with these devices before they enter the classroom for the first time. Educational institutions must embrace these devices and explore their potential in the learning environment.

Benefits of the iPad0 School districts across the country have begun using the

iPad in their schools to:0 Cut long term spending on supplies such as textbooks and

copy paper.0 Transform the traditional computer lab into a media center.0 Provide more time for administrators to be visible in their

schools0 Maximize time for teachers with a device that can help

manage their records and be used for instruction simultaneously.

0 Enhance the learning of all students.

Benefits of the iPad

0Administrators will be able to multi-task with the iPad.

0The device allows Principals and Vice Principals to become more visible in the classrooms and has tools that can help manage their responsibilities.

0 It is a time saving tool. Administrators can give instant feedback before leaving an observation.

Benefits of the iPad

0The iPad allows teachers the ability to:0 Track assignments and student attendance.0 Easily differentiate instructional lessons with the

numerous Apps available.0 Engage all learners in the classroom with the vibrant

screen, audio capabilities, and multi-touch system.0 Can be used for whole group instruction via a projector

or as an independent practice device for students.0 Create digital portfolios of student work.

Benefits of the iPad

0Students who use the iPad will be able to:0 Complete assignments and tasks with ease regardless of

learning style.0 Students will special needs can use various Apps that

will boost their learning experience and confidence.0 Work independently or in collaborative pairs.0 Interact with teacher during instruction or outside the

classroom setting.0 Actively participate in the learning environment.

ConclusionDiffusing the iPad into schools within the Brandywine District will transform instruction and learning. Administrators, teachers, and students alike will be able to accomplish more tasks in less time and share information when necessary. Most importantly, students will maximize their learning which will lead to an increase in their academic performance. The district will also be ensuring that all students are equipped with 21st century skills upon successfully completing high school. There is the potential to save money as more publishers have their textbooks available on-line and are working with Apple to created Apps that match the curriculum and standards. Lastly, this diffusion will assist the district in meeting some of the required guidelines as a Race to the Top recipient.

References0 McCrea, B.. (2010, January). Measuring the ipad ‘s potential for education. THE Journal, 0 McGrath, D.. (2010, October). ISuppli again boosts iPad sales forecast. Electronic Engineering

Times,(1590), 8.  Retrieved September 25, 2011, from ProQuest Computing. (Document ID: 2184122231).

0 McManus, T. (2011, July 14). Richmond County school adminstrators get iPads. Augusta Chronicle, The (GA). Retrieved from EBSCOhost..

0 Mulholland, J. B. (2011). iPads Strengthen Education. Government Technology, 24(4), 20-24. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

0 Seitz, P.. (2011, July). Apple eps up 122% on iPhone, iPad sales. Investor Business Daily, 1.0 Shah, N. (2011). Special Ed. Pupils Find Learning Tool In iPad Applications. (Cover story).

Education Week, 30(22), 1-17. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.