Digestive System

Organs Involved

Mouth Oral Cavity Food enters – Ingested Roof, Walls, Floor

• Mucous Membrane Physical & Chemical

Breakdown of food

Teeth Physical

Breakdown of Food

Mastication 2 years old – 20 17 to 24 – 32

4 Types• Incisors• Canines• Premolars• Molars

Tongue Muscle

• Moves food around in mouth

• Bolus Frenulum

• Connects tongue to floor

Sensory Small

Elevations• Papillae

–Salt–Sour–Sweet–Bitter

Salivary Glands Produce Saliva Chemical Breakdown

• Salivary Amylase• Carbohydrates

3 Pair

Pharynx Tube Smooth muscle Mucous Membrane Back of mouth

• Connects with Respiratory

Esophagus Tube Smooth Muscle Connects Pharynx to

Stomach About 25 cm long

Know these Parts Nasopharynx Esophagus Tongue Molars Parotid Salivary

Gland Oropharynx Epiglottis

Laryngopharynx Submandibular

Salivary Gland Sublingual Salivary

Gland Incisors

Know these terms Ingestion Digestion Physical Breakdown Chemical Breakdown

Chyme Bolus Mastication Peristalsis Salivary Amylase HCl

STOMACH Smooth Muscle

• Mechanical Breakdown–Peristalsis

Gastric Glands• Chemical Breakdown

–Hydrochloric Acid & Enzymes

Chyme

LIVERUnder DiaphragmLargest GlandProduces Bile

• Emulsifies Fat• Mechanical

GALL BLADDERUnder LiverStores Bile

•Fat in Duodenum•Triggers hormone Cholecystokinin CCK

PANCREAS Behind Stomach C Shaped Produces

• Pancreatic Juice• Most Important

–Digests ALL 3 foods• Insulin

–Blood Stream

SMALL INTESTINE Twisted

• 7m long Smooth Muscle Intestinal Glands

• Digests Food Villi

• Increase Surface Area• Nutrients Diffuse into Blood

Parts Duodenum

• Right after stomach• Pancreas & Liver Dump

Jejunum• Most Digestion

Ileum• Empties into Large Intestine

LARGE INTESTINE Chyme to Fecal Matter Water & Salts Reabsorbed Bacteria

• Breakdown Cellulose• Produce Vitamin K• Some B Vitamins

ASCENDING TRANSVERSE DESCENDING SIGMOID RECTUM

APPENDIX Start Distal Ascending Colon Twisted Great spot for bacterial

growth