Digestive SystemPrinciples of Health Science

Day 1

Thought for the Day… Warm-up

Thought for the Day & Warm-up

http://padlet.com/wall/CHSHS13

What is digestion? What is the function of your…

mouth? stomach? small

intestine? colon?

Objectives: Students will be able to… describe the various organs in the digestive

system and analyze their functions.

Lesson: Digestive System

Quiz 6: Monday, May 5th, 2014

Agenda

What is Digestion? Physical and chemical

breakdown of food for use by the body

The Digestive System consists of the alimentary canal and the accessory organs

Digestive System

Utilization of Nutrients

Mechanical Digestion Mouth

Chemical Digestion Stomach

Absorption Small Intestine

Metabolism Cells

Long muscular tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus

Accessory organs: Salivary glands,

teeth, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Alimentary Canal

Mouth

Receives food as it enters the body Food is tasted,

broken down by teeth, lubricated by saliva, & swallowed

Teeth Mastication

Tongue Taste/manipulate food

Hard/Soft Palate Separates the mouth

from the nasal cavities & nasopharynx

Uvula Prevents food from

entering the nasopharynx

Salivary glands Produce saliva

Pharynx (Throat)

Carrier for both air and food Carries food to the

esophagus Food Bolus

When food is mixed saliva When bolus swallowed,

epiglottis closes to prevent food from entering the trachea

Muscular tube behind the trachea that carries food to the stomach

Peristalsis moves food toward stomach Rhythmic, wave-like muscle

movement

Esophagus

Digests/breaks down food with gastric juices (acids)

Two circular muscles that keep food in the stomach Cardiac sphincter

Between the esophagus/stomach Pyloric sphincter

Between the stomach/small intestine

Food stays in the stomach 1–4 hours

Chyme semi-liquid material of digested

food

Stomach

Absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream through villi Fingerlike projections on the lining

of the intestines Small intestine

i. Duodenum Connects to the stomach &

receives bile and pancreatic juices

ii. Jejunum Middle section

ii. Ileum Connects to the large intestine

Small Intestine

(continues)

Large Intestine Absorbs water and

stores indigestible materials (feces)

Cecum Appendix

Colon Ascending Transverse Descending Sigmoid

Rectum Storage area for feces

Anus Expels fecal material/stool

Liver Secretes bile Detoxifies substances

(alcohol) Gallbladder

Stores bile until it is ready to be released into the small intestine

Bile Helps to digest/break up fats

Liver & Gallbladder

Fish-shaped organ located behind the stomach

Produces pancreatic juices to digest

food (small intestine) insulin to metabolize sugars

(bloodstream)

Pancreas

Diagram Labeling Word Bank

EsophagusStomachSmall IntestineCecumAscending ColonTransverse Colon

Descending ColonSigmoid ColonRectumAnusLiverGallbladder

Diagram Answers A. Liver B. Gallbladder C. Ascending Colon D. Small Intestine E. Cecum F. Rectum G. Anus H. Sigmoid Colon I. Descending Colon J. Transverse Colon K. Stomach L. Esophagus

Labeling

Activity: Create a children’s

book about where poop comes from.

Include the main structures from #5-12 Write at least 1 FACT

from your notes about each structure

Include what happens with Constipation Diarrhea

This is due TODAY at the END of CLASS!

Review & Looking Ahead…

Discussed: the various organs in the digestive system and analyze their functions.

Next class topic: Wellness - Nutrition

Quiz 6: Monday, May 5th, 2014