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Digital Government & Digital Government & Development: Issues Development: Issues
for Research and Policy for Research and Policy
Anthony M. CresswellAnthony M. Cresswell
Center for Technology in Center for Technology in GovernmentGovernment
University at AlbanyUniversity at Albany
Growing Links: Growing Links: Government, Technology, Government, Technology,
Development Development
World Bank Development World Bank Development Gateway Gateway (www.developmentgateway.org)(www.developmentgateway.org)
OECDOECD (OLIS net, Communications Outlook) (OLIS net, Communications Outlook)
European Union European Union (europa.eu.int)(europa.eu.int)
US Federal Government US Federal Government (www.doc.gov/eda/)(www.doc.gov/eda/)
US States US States (www.doc.gov/eda/html/2e1_statelinks.htm)(www.doc.gov/eda/html/2e1_statelinks.htm)
Lack of Consistent Lack of Consistent Strategies or ModelsStrategies or Models
Approaches to the PuzzleApproaches to the Puzzle
Understanding the domain of Understanding the domain of Digital GovernmentDigital Government
Understanding the Understanding the components of Digital components of Digital GovernmentGovernment
Examining the links between Examining the links between Digital Government and Digital Government and developmentdevelopment
Policy
Management Technology
Domain of Digital Domain of Digital GovernmentGovernment
Policy DomainPolicy Domain
law, economics, demographics, culture, politics,societal & program goals, stakeholders, constituencies
Management DomainManagement Domain
organizational structure, human resources, funding, change processes, business processes, decision processes,information flows
Technology DomainTechnology Domain
computing, collaboration & networking tools for information collection, processing, storage, sharing, analysis, integration, and knowledge management
Policy
Domain of Digital Domain of Digital GovernmentGovernment
Policy
Management
Domain of Digital Domain of Digital GovernmentGovernment
Domain of Digital Domain of Digital GovernmentGovernment
Policy
Management Technology
Competing Views of Digital Competing Views of Digital GovernmentGovernment
Application of Application of advancedadvanced technologytechnology
vs.vs.
AdvancedAdvanced applicationapplication of of technologytechnology
Components of Digital Components of Digital GovernmentGovernment
E-services
E-commerce E-democracy
E-management
E-servicesE-services
24 x 724 x 7 self-serviceself-service more responsivemore responsive more customizedmore customized organized by organized by
need, not need, not organization chartorganization chart
E-services:E-services:@ccess Washington@ccess Washington
E-commerceE-commerce
government to government to businessbusiness
citizens to citizens to governmentgovernment
government & government & businessbusiness
nonprofit contractingnonprofit contracting electronic catalogselectronic catalogs procurement cardsprocurement cards e-malle-mall
E-commerce: IRS e-fileE-commerce: IRS e-file
e fileIRSS
E-democracyE-democracy electronic votingelectronic voting virtual town virtual town
meetingsmeetings cyber campaignscyber campaigns constituency servicesconstituency services cyber pollscyber polls electronic access to electronic access to
infoinfo community forumscommunity forums
E-democracy:E-democracy:Santa Monica PENSanta Monica PEN
E-managementE-management virtual virtual
organizationsorganizations knowledge knowledge
networksnetworks electronic recordselectronic records digital librariesdigital libraries data management data management
& analysis& analysis
E-management:E-management:NYC CompstatNYC Compstat
What Roles can What Roles can Government Play in Government Play in
Economic DevelopmentEconomic Development??
MarketerMarketer FacilitatorFacilitator FinancierFinancier Investor/EntrepreneurInvestor/Entrepreneur RegulatorRegulator
Marketing to DevelopersMarketing to Developers
Advertising business opportunities Advertising business opportunities & advantages& advantages
Providing information resourcesProviding information resources Publicizing human resourcesPublicizing human resources Publicizing quality of lifePublicizing quality of life
Facilitating DevelopmentFacilitating Development
Building e-commerce with Building e-commerce with governmentgovernment
Creating partnerships & Creating partnerships & brokering collaborationbrokering collaboration
Providing decision support and Providing decision support and analysisanalysis
Job trainingJob training
San Carlos, CA Virtual Development Tour
San Carlos, CA Virtual Development Tour
Financing and Providing Financing and Providing IncentivesIncentives
Tax incentives and concessionsTax incentives and concessions Economic development zonesEconomic development zones Utility regulationUtility regulation Favorable tax policies and Favorable tax policies and
levelslevels
Home of the Rural Empowerment Zone and Enterprise Community Program
Direct InvestmentDirect Investment
Building out infrastructureBuilding out infrastructure Building public facilitiesBuilding public facilities Grants and development Grants and development
projectsprojects Support for R&D, educationSupport for R&D, education
European Union Development Programs
RegulationRegulation
ZoningZoning PermittingPermitting PlanningPlanning Information Policies (FOIA, Information Policies (FOIA,
privacy, public privacy, public access/ownership)access/ownership)
Redmond, WA Comprehensive Plan
Research & Policy IssuesResearch & Policy Issues
What is the best role for What is the best role for government v. the private and government v. the private and non-government sectors?non-government sectors?
How to deal with limited access How to deal with limited access and resources: the digital divide?and resources: the digital divide?
Why so few success stories?Why so few success stories?
The Digital Divide: A Global Issue
What Role for Private and Non-Government Agencies?
Why so few digital Why so few digital government success government success
stories?stories?
Technology is necessary but not sufficientTechnology is necessary but not sufficient We still need the rightWe still need the right
– leadershipleadership– management strategiesmanagement strategies– organizational structuresorganizational structures– cross-boundary relationshipscross-boundary relationships– financing mechanismsfinancing mechanisms– policiespolicies– public acceptancepublic acceptance
Barriers to a Digital Barriers to a Digital GovernmentGovernment
“ “ Many of the barriers to realizing Many of the barriers to realizing the benefits of IT are not technical, the benefits of IT are not technical, but rather occur when social, but rather occur when social, political, or legal issues arise as political, or legal issues arise as attempts are made to deploy and attempts are made to deploy and adopt the IT and its applications.”adopt the IT and its applications.”
- PITAC Interim Report, August 1998- PITAC Interim Report, August 1998
Other observationsOther observations
““In the on-line world, political boundaries are In the on-line world, political boundaries are largely irrelevant.” largely irrelevant.” GoverningGoverning
““Technology is not the issue. . .it’s building a Technology is not the issue. . .it’s building a sense of community & governance.” Gary sense of community & governance.” Gary Lambert, leader of multi-state e-mallLambert, leader of multi-state e-mall
““Government organizations represent almost Government organizations represent almost stunning diversity.” CTG state-local projectstunning diversity.” CTG state-local project
Center for Technology in Center for Technology in GovernmentGovernment
www.ctg.albany.eduwww.ctg.albany.edu
[email protected]@ctg.albany.edu