Digital Television

Digital Digital TelevisionTelevision

It’s Coming February 17, 2009. Do It’s Coming February 17, 2009. Do you know where your programs you know where your programs are? are?

Digital TelevisionDigital TelevisionWhat Is It?What Is It?

– A A TotallyTotally New Television System New Television System

Digital TelevisionDigital TelevisionWhat was wrong with the old Analog What was wrong with the old Analog system?system?


– 1930’s Technology1930’s Technology


– 1930’s Technology1930’s Technology– Black & WhiteBlack & White


– 1930’s Technology1930’s Technology– Black & WhiteBlack & White– Monophonic SoundMonophonic Sound


– 1930’s Technology1930’s Technology– Black & WhiteBlack & White– Monophonic SoundMonophonic Sound– Maximum Screen Size: 19 inchesMaximum Screen Size: 19 inches


– 1930’s Technology1930’s Technology– Black & WhiteBlack & White– Monophonic SoundMonophonic Sound– Maximum Screen Size: 19 inchesMaximum Screen Size: 19 inches– Kluged Retrofits: Still not close to Kluged Retrofits: Still not close to

photographic and larger-than-life photographic and larger-than-life quality of movies. quality of movies.

Digital TelevisionDigital TelevisionWhy Now? Actually it started in the 1980sWhy Now? Actually it started in the 1980s

Digital TelevisionDigital TelevisionWhy Now? Actually it started in the Why Now? Actually it started in the

1980s.1980s.– Japanese Developed Analogue High Japanese Developed Analogue High

Definition TV & Began Marketing it in the Definition TV & Began Marketing it in the US.US.

Digital TelevisionDigital TelevisionWhy Now? Actually it started in the Why Now? Actually it started in the

1980s.1980s.– Japanese Developed Analogue High Japanese Developed Analogue High

Definition TV & Began Marketing it in the Definition TV & Began Marketing it in the US.US.

– Congress Feared Further Technology & Congress Feared Further Technology & Patent DrainPatent Drain

Digital TelevisionDigital Television Why Now? Actually it started in the Why Now? Actually it started in the

1980s.1980s.– Congress asked American companies to Congress asked American companies to

develop a more/better develop a more/better AmericanAmerican System System• Offered no government funding but instead Offered no government funding but instead

enticed with opportunities for patent royalties.enticed with opportunities for patent royalties.• Would conduct “fly-off” of all submitted systems.Would conduct “fly-off” of all submitted systems.• 4 4 teamsteams of companies entered the competition. of companies entered the competition.

Digital TelevisionDigital TelevisionWhy Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long Why Now? Then Why Did It Take So Long To Develop?To Develop?

– Broadcasters insisted on being included; Broadcasters insisted on being included; i.e. the high definition system would have i.e. the high definition system would have to fit within current licensed stations (6 to fit within current licensed stations (6 MHz Bandwidth/Channel).MHz Bandwidth/Channel).• The Japanese system had required higher The Japanese system had required higher

bandwidth cable and satellite distribution. bandwidth cable and satellite distribution.



bandwidth cable and satellite distribution. bandwidth cable and satellite distribution.

– FCC conducted not one, but three flyoffs FCC conducted not one, but three flyoffs over 10 years and found no system over 10 years and found no system satisfactory.satisfactory.



bandwidth cable and satellite distribution.bandwidth cable and satellite distribution.

– FCC conducted not one, but three flyoffs FCC conducted not one, but three flyoffs over 10 years and found no system over 10 years and found no system satisfactory.satisfactory.

– During the third flyoff, one team proposed During the third flyoff, one team proposed a digital system which showed promise.a digital system which showed promise.


– The four competing teams of companies The four competing teams of companies and research institutions were about to and research institutions were about to drop out of the development: over 10 years drop out of the development: over 10 years of IR&D with no return in sight.of IR&D with no return in sight.



– The FCC suggested that the four teams The FCC suggested that the four teams agree to share patent royalties and agree to share patent royalties and combine efforts to use the best of all combine efforts to use the best of all proposed systems.proposed systems.



– The FCC suggested that the four teams The FCC suggested that the four teams agree to share patent royalties and agree to share patent royalties and combine efforts to use the best of all combine efforts to use the best of all proposed systemsproposed systems

– This Grand Alliance completed This Grand Alliance completed development of the current “ATSC” system development of the current “ATSC” system in the mid 1990s and the FCC adopted it in in the mid 1990s and the FCC adopted it in 1997.1997.

Digital TelevisionDigital TelevisionWhat Is Better About Our New “ATSC” What Is Better About Our New “ATSC” Television System?Television System?


– Needs Fewer ChannelsNeeds Fewer Channels


– Needs Fewer ChannelsNeeds Fewer Channels– Versatile ContentVersatile Content


– Needs Fewer ChannelsNeeds Fewer Channels– Versatile ContentVersatile Content– HDTV Options:HDTV Options:

1.1. Photographic PicturePhotographic Picture2.2. Wide-Screen Like MoviesWide-Screen Like Movies3.3. Discrete Surround SoundDiscrete Surround Sound

1.1. Picture QualityPicture Quality• Much Higher Resolution: 1 or 2 million pixels Much Higher Resolution: 1 or 2 million pixels

versus 230,000 for analogue broadcast or versus 230,000 for analogue broadcast or 345,000 for DVD345,000 for DVD

Digital TelevisionDigital Television



• Wider Color Gamut - More Saturated ColorsWider Color Gamut - More Saturated Colors




• Wider Color Gamut - More Saturated ColorsWider Color Gamut - More Saturated Colors• Wider Color Gamut - Many More HuesWider Color Gamut - Many More Hues




• Wider Color Gamut - More Saturated ColorsWider Color Gamut - More Saturated Colors• Wider Color Gamut - Many More HuesWider Color Gamut - Many More Hues• Better Color Spatial Resolution - Patterned Better Color Spatial Resolution - Patterned

Versus Pastel ShirtsVersus Pastel Shirts


2.2. Wide-Screen Aspect RatioWide-Screen Aspect Ratio

** ** ** **

** ** ** **

** ** ** **

** ** ** **

Resolution 4 Hor. X 4 Vert. = 16 PixelsResolution 4 Hor. X 4 Vert. = 16 Pixels

Aspect Ratio 4:4 or 1.0 to 1.0Aspect Ratio 4:4 or 1.0 to 1.0


2.2. ““Academy” Aspect RatioAcademy” Aspect Ratio

** ** ** **

** ** ** **

** ** ** **

Resolution 4 Hor. X 3 Vert. = 12 PixelsResolution 4 Hor. X 3 Vert. = 12 Pixels

Aspect Ratio 4:3 or 1.33:1.0Aspect Ratio 4:3 or 1.33:1.0

Analogue TV Has Theoretical 640 Hor. X 480 Analogue TV Has Theoretical 640 Hor. X 480 Vert. = Aspect Ratio 1.33:1.0Vert. = Aspect Ratio 1.33:1.0


2.2. Wide Aspect RatioWide Aspect Ratio– Typical Movie Aspect Ratios - 1.33:1.0 Typical Movie Aspect Ratios - 1.33:1.0

(Edison),1.66:1.0, (Edison),1.66:1.0, 1.85:1.0, 2.05:1.0, 1.85:1.0, 2.05:1.0, 2.35:1.02.35:1.0

– How can HDTV accommodate all these aspect How can HDTV accommodate all these aspect ratios? Take the geometric mean - 1.78:1.0ratios? Take the geometric mean - 1.78:1.0

– Actual Pixel CountsActual Pixel Counts• 1280 X 720 = ~1 Megapixel; Refreshed 60 1280 X 720 = ~1 Megapixel; Refreshed 60

Times/Sec.Times/Sec.

• 1920 X 1080 = ~2 Megapixels; Refreshed 30 1920 X 1080 = ~2 Megapixels; Refreshed 30 Times/Sec.Times/Sec.


3.3. 5.1 Dolby Digital Surround 5.1 Dolby Digital Surround – Left Front, Center Front, Right Front, Left Left Front, Center Front, Right Front, Left

Surround, Right Surround, SubwooferSurround, Right Surround, Subwoofer– Also Carries Regular Stereo For TV Also Carries Regular Stereo For TV

SpeakersSpeakers


What Happens To My Old TVs When What Happens To My Old TVs When Analogue TV Is Turned Off on Feb 17, 2009? Analogue TV Is Turned Off on Feb 17, 2009? • Will need a converter boxWill need a converter box

– Satellite receiverSatellite receiver– Cable BoxCable Box– Over-The-Air BoxOver-The-Air Box

• Picture will still be standard definition on old TV, Picture will still be standard definition on old TV, and will be letterboxed to accommodate wide-and will be letterboxed to accommodate wide-screen programs (or else 1. the sides of the picture screen programs (or else 1. the sides of the picture will be cut off or 2. everyone will look really thin!)will be cut off or 2. everyone will look really thin!)


The Coupon ProgamThe Coupon Progam• Nielson estimates 14.3 million US households rely on Nielson estimates 14.3 million US households rely on

over-the-air TV. That’s 12% of the nation’s over-the-air TV. That’s 12% of the nation’s households.households.

• Each household can apply for up to 2 $40. coupons Each household can apply for up to 2 $40. coupons to spend on ATSC digital tuner boxes for analog TVs.to spend on ATSC digital tuner boxes for analog TVs.

• Congress has allotted $1.5 B for the program to be Congress has allotted $1.5 B for the program to be administered via the National Telecommunications administered via the National Telecommunications and Information Administration. = 33.5 Million and Information Administration. = 33.5 Million Coupons.Coupons.

• Boxes are expected to sell for $50. - $70. 250 major Boxes are expected to sell for $50. - $70. 250 major retailers have been approved to sell them.retailers have been approved to sell them.

• More than 1 million households have requested and More than 1 million households have requested and received coupons so far. received coupons so far.

• http://www.ntia.doc.gov/dtvcoupon/http://www.ntia.doc.gov/dtvcoupon/


What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Must have: Must have:

– ATSC TunerATSC Tuner



– ATSC TunerATSC Tuner– QAM TunerQAM Tuner



– ATSC TunerATSC Tuner– QAM TunerQAM Tuner– Pixel Count At Least 1280 X 720 (“720p”)Pixel Count At Least 1280 X 720 (“720p”)



– ATSC TunerATSC Tuner– QAM Tuner (Basic Cable)QAM Tuner (Basic Cable)– Pixel Count At Least 1280 X 720 (“720p”)Pixel Count At Least 1280 X 720 (“720p”)– Diagonal Size = ~ 1/2 Viewing DistanceDiagonal Size = ~ 1/2 Viewing Distance


What do I need to know to buy a new What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have:HDTV? Nice to have:

– HDMI Hookup HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs)(Still Has Bugs)



– HDMI Hookup HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs)(Still Has Bugs) – Cable CardCable Card



– HDMI Hookup HDMI Hookup (Still Has Bugs)(Still Has Bugs)– Cable CardCable Card– Pixel Count: 1920 X 1080 (“1080I” or Pixel Count: 1920 X 1080 (“1080I” or

“1080P”)“1080P”)




“1080P”)“1080P”)– 120 Hz Refresh 120 Hz Refresh or 60/72 Hz Refreshor 60/72 Hz Refresh




“1080P”)“1080P”)– 120 Hz Refresh 120 Hz Refresh or or 60/72 Hz Refresh60/72 Hz Refresh– 3D Ready3D Ready


What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? What do I need to know to buy a new HDTV? Nice to have: Nice to have:


“1080P”)“1080P”)– 120 Hz Refresh 120 Hz Refresh or or 60/72 Hz Refresh60/72 Hz Refresh– 3D Ready3D Ready– More Color ReadyMore Color Ready

• Deep Color (10-14 bits/Primary)Deep Color (10-14 bits/Primary)

• xvYCC Extended Color (LED, Laser xvYCC Extended Color (LED, Laser Illumination)Illumination)


What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New What Do I Need To Know To Buy A New TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance?TV? How Do I Judge Picture Performance?

– Brightness Brightness (Red Herring - only relevant for (Red Herring - only relevant for very bright rooms)very bright rooms)




– Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?




– Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?– Shadow DetailShadow Detail




– Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?– Shadow DetailShadow Detail– Instantaneous ContrastInstantaneous Contrast




– Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?– Shadow DetailShadow Detail– Instantaneous ContrastInstantaneous Contrast– Motion Persistence?Motion Persistence?




– Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?– Shadow DetailShadow Detail– Instantaneous ContrastInstantaneous Contrast– Motion Persistence?Motion Persistence?– Contouring?Contouring?




– Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?Color Accuracy - Do they look natural?– Shadow DetailShadow Detail– Instantaneous ContrastInstantaneous Contrast– Motion Persistence?Motion Persistence?– Contouring?Contouring?– Off Axis Viewing (Depends on seating).Off Axis Viewing (Depends on seating).

• Brightness DiminishesBrightness Diminishes• Colors ChangeColors Change


What Type Of HDTV What Type Of HDTV FormatFormat Should I Buy? Should I Buy?– Rear Projection - Best Value. Rear Projection - Best Value.

• New models are no deeper than Flat Panels on New models are no deeper than Flat Panels on their stands. their stands.

– Front Projection - Best to Suspend DisbeliefFront Projection - Best to Suspend Disbelief– Picture Tube – Smaller Size & Heavy, But Picture Tube – Smaller Size & Heavy, But

Extremely Good Picture In Many WaysExtremely Good Picture In Many Ways– Flat Panel – Lifestyle Choice, Lifestyle Cost. Flat Panel – Lifestyle Choice, Lifestyle Cost.

Vary Greatly in Picture Quality.Vary Greatly in Picture Quality.


What Type Of HDTV What Type Of HDTV TechnologyTechnology Should I Buy? Should I Buy?Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:

– CRT Front Projectors and Direct View SetsCRT Front Projectors and Direct View Sets • Analog Picture ResolutionAnalog Picture Resolution• Superb Color AccuracySuperb Color Accuracy• Superb ContrastSuperb Contrast• Superb BlacksSuperb Blacks• Superb Off Axis ViewingSuperb Off Axis Viewing• Limited In BrightnessLimited In Brightness• Lose Brightness With AgeLose Brightness With Age• Susceptible to Burn-inSusceptible to Burn-in• Limited In Size for Direct ViewLimited In Size for Direct View• Very HeavyVery Heavy• Hard To FindHard To Find


What Type Of HDTV What Type Of HDTV TechnologyTechnology Should I Buy? Should I Buy?Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:

– 3LCD Front Projectors and Rear Projection 3LCD Front Projectors and Rear Projection SetsSets

• Digital Picture Resolution - many 1920 X 1080Digital Picture Resolution - many 1920 X 1080• Screen Door Effect - Acceptable Pixel FillScreen Door Effect - Acceptable Pixel Fill• Mediocre Contrast - but gradually improvingMediocre Contrast - but gradually improving• Mediocre Blacks - but gradually improvingMediocre Blacks - but gradually improving• Mediocre Off Axis Viewing (Rear Projection)Mediocre Off Axis Viewing (Rear Projection)• Good BrightnessGood Brightness• Brightness Ages Some, but Restores w. New BulbBrightness Ages Some, but Restores w. New Bulb• Bulb Life 2000 - 4000 Hours. Cost $300. - $400.Bulb Life 2000 - 4000 Hours. Cost $300. - $400.• Cheapest Projectors and Projection SetsCheapest Projectors and Projection Sets


What Type Of HDTV What Type Of HDTV TechnologyTechnology Should I Buy? Should I Buy? Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:

– DLPDLP Front Projectors and Rear Projection SetsFront Projectors and Rear Projection Sets • Digital Picture Resolution - many 1920 X 1080Digital Picture Resolution - many 1920 X 1080• Color Wheel Can Cause Fringing - hence Color Wheel Can Cause Fringing - hence

multispeed.multispeed.• Extended Color Gamut with Optional 6 Primary Extended Color Gamut with Optional 6 Primary

ColorsColors• Screen Door Effect - Very Good Pixel FillScreen Door Effect - Very Good Pixel Fill• Good Contrast - and keeps improvingGood Contrast - and keeps improving• Good Blacks - and keeps improvingGood Blacks - and keeps improving• Mediocre Off Axis Viewing (Rear Projection)Mediocre Off Axis Viewing (Rear Projection)• Good BrightnessGood Brightness• Brightness Ages Some, but Restores w. New BulbBrightness Ages Some, but Restores w. New Bulb• Bulb Life 2000 - 4000 Hours. Cost $300. - $400.Bulb Life 2000 - 4000 Hours. Cost $300. - $400.• Wide Range Of Price Performance. 3 DLP the BestWide Range Of Price Performance. 3 DLP the Best



– LCOS (D-ILA & SXRD)LCOS (D-ILA & SXRD) Front Projectors and Front Projectors and Rear Projection SetsRear Projection Sets

• Digital Picture Resolution - many 1920 X 1080Digital Picture Resolution - many 1920 X 1080• Screen Door Effect - Very Good Pixel FillScreen Door Effect - Very Good Pixel Fill• Good Contrast - and keeps improvingGood Contrast - and keeps improving• Good Blacks - and keeps improvingGood Blacks - and keeps improving• Mediocre Off Axis Viewing (Rear Projection)Mediocre Off Axis Viewing (Rear Projection)• Good BrightnessGood Brightness• Brightness Ages Some, but Restores w. New BulbBrightness Ages Some, but Restores w. New Bulb• Bulb Life 2000 - 4000 Hours. Cost $300. - $400.Bulb Life 2000 - 4000 Hours. Cost $300. - $400.• Price Competitive with DLPPrice Competitive with DLP


What Type Of HDTV Technology Should I Buy? What Type Of HDTV Technology Should I Buy? Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:Alphabet Soup, But You Need to Know:

– Plasma Flat Panels Plasma Flat Panels • Digital Picture Resolution - some 1920 X 1080, Digital Picture Resolution - some 1920 X 1080,

many 1340 X 768, many 1340 X 768, Beware 1024 X 768 (43 inch)Beware 1024 X 768 (43 inch)• Screen Door Effect - Very Good Pixel FillScreen Door Effect - Very Good Pixel Fill• Good To Great Contrast - Rivals CRTGood To Great Contrast - Rivals CRT• Good to Great Blacks - Rivals CRTGood to Great Blacks - Rivals CRT• Superb Off Axis Viewing - Rivals CRT Superb Off Axis Viewing - Rivals CRT • Good BrightnessGood Brightness• Rich ColorsRich Colors• 40,000 Hour Predicted Life But Will Love Brightness 40,000 Hour Predicted Life But Will Love Brightness

w. Agew. Age• Susceptible to Burn-In Susceptible to Burn-In • Expensive, But Cheaper Than Flat Panel LCD for Expensive, But Cheaper Than Flat Panel LCD for

Large SizesLarge Sizes



– LCD Flat Panels LCD Flat Panels • Digital Picture Resolution - Many 1920 X 1080, Digital Picture Resolution - Many 1920 X 1080,

Some 1280 X 720, Some 1280 X 720, Beware 1080 X 1080, Beware 1080 X 1080, Many SD Many SD (Smaller)(Smaller)

• Brightest Display TechnologyBrightest Display Technology• Least Refined Display Technology - Digital GrainLeast Refined Display Technology - Digital Grain• Screen Door Effect - Acceptable Pixel FillScreen Door Effect - Acceptable Pixel Fill• Mediocre Contrast - But Gradually improvingMediocre Contrast - But Gradually improving• Mediocre Blacks - But Gradually ImprovingMediocre Blacks - But Gradually Improving• Poor Off Axis Viewing - Brightness Poor Off Axis Viewing - Brightness andand Color Shifts Color Shifts • Wide Range of Picture Quality & Prices, but …Wide Range of Picture Quality & Prices, but …• Getting Ever Cheaper To Produce - Rivals CRT in Getting Ever Cheaper To Produce - Rivals CRT in

Cost for Small Screen Sizes and Is Sexier Cost for Small Screen Sizes and Is Sexier • Will Eventually Rule The Mass MarketWill Eventually Rule The Mass Market


What Happens When I Get The Set Home? What Happens When I Get The Set Home? Programming Sources:Programming Sources:

– Over-The-Air Free: All local stations now have Over-The-Air Free: All local stations now have digital channels. Needs a good antenna. digital channels. Needs a good antenna.

• During set-up your set will scan for them and store.During set-up your set will scan for them and store.



– Over-The-Air Free: All local stations now have Over-The-Air Free: All local stations now have digital channels. Needs a good antenna.digital channels. Needs a good antenna.


– Time-Warner Cable: Some local digital stations Time-Warner Cable: Some local digital stations available available but not NBC or WBbut not NBC or WB. + Optional HD Cable . + Optional HD Cable Network “Tier” + HD Premium Channels AvailableNetwork “Tier” + HD Premium Channels Available



– Over-The-Air Free: All local stations now have Over-The-Air Free: All local stations now have digital channels. Needs a good antenna.digital channels. Needs a good antenna.


– Time-Warner Cable: Some local digital stations Time-Warner Cable: Some local digital stations available available but not NBC or WBbut not NBC or WB. + Optional HD Cable . + Optional HD Cable Network “Tier” + HD Premium Channels AvailableNetwork “Tier” + HD Premium Channels Available

– Satellite: No local digital channels available yet. Satellite: No local digital channels available yet. • DirectTV: More HD Every Week As Cable Networks DirectTV: More HD Every Week As Cable Networks

Convert. Rumored Reformatted to 1440 X 1080Convert. Rumored Reformatted to 1440 X 1080• Dish Network: More HD Every Week As Cable Dish Network: More HD Every Week As Cable

Networks Convert Networks Convert + 15 original HD networks from + 15 original HD networks from VoomVoom. Better Picture Quality. Better Picture Quality


““Cable” Networks In HDCable” Networks In HD– Basic Networks: Basic Networks:

A&EA&E Animal PlanetAnimal Planet DiscoveryDiscoveryESPNESPN

ESPN2ESPN2 Food NetworkFood Network Golf ChannelGolf ChannelHGTVHGTV

National Geog.National Geog. Science ChannelScience Channel TBSTBS TLCTLCTNTTNT NFLNFL

– Premium Networks:Premium Networks: Big 10Big 10 Cinemax HBO Cinemax HBO Showtime Showtime StarzStarz

– HD Only Networks:HD Only Networks: HDNetHDNet HDNet Movies HDNet Movies HD News HD Theater HD News HD Theater

Universal HDUniversal HD

– Voom HD Only Networks (Dish Network Satellite Only):Voom HD Only Networks (Dish Network Satellite Only):AnimaniaAnimania EquatorEquator Family RoomFamily Room Film FestFilm FestGalleryGallery GameplayGameplay Kung FuKung Fu

MHDMHDMonstersMonsters RaveRave RushRush TreasureTreasureUltraUltra World CinemaWorld Cinema

WorldSportWorldSport


Collecting HD ProgramsCollecting HD Programs– Digital VHS Digital VHS

• Use D-VHS or S-VHS TapeUse D-VHS or S-VHS Tape• 2 1/2 Hrs HD/Tape - 3 hours of TV Minus 2 1/2 Hrs HD/Tape - 3 hours of TV Minus

CommercialsCommercials• Simple Operation via Firewire from DVRSimple Operation via Firewire from DVR• Also Records/Plays Regular TapesAlso Records/Plays Regular Tapes• HD Movies Available on D-Theater Tapes for 5 YearsHD Movies Available on D-Theater Tapes for 5 Years

– Blu-Ray:Blu-Ray:• Different Dimensions From DVDDifferent Dimensions From DVD• Require New Factories To ProduceRequire New Factories To Produce• Most Discs So Far Are Single LayerMost Discs So Far Are Single Layer• 25 Gbytes/Layer25 Gbytes/Layer• Players Sold 2007: 600,000 (Not Including Players Sold 2007: 600,000 (Not Including

Playstation)Playstation)• Starting Price: $400.Starting Price: $400.


Collecting HD ProgramsCollecting HD Programs

– HD-DVD: Cheaper Players & DiscsHD-DVD: Cheaper Players & Discs• Discs Have Same Structure As DVDsDiscs Have Same Structure As DVDs• Discs & Players Are Cheaper To ProduceDiscs & Players Are Cheaper To Produce• Discs Can Be Produced In Regular DVD Factories Discs Can Be Produced In Regular DVD Factories • Most Discs Are Dual LayerMost Discs Are Dual Layer• 15 Gbytes/Layer15 Gbytes/Layer• More Interaction Capability; Fully Ramped Up from More Interaction Capability; Fully Ramped Up from

StartStart• Some Dual Discs: SD & HD on Same DiscSome Dual Discs: SD & HD on Same Disc• Players Sold in 2007: 900,000Players Sold in 2007: 900,000• Player Prices Start $150.Player Prices Start $150.


Blue-Laser-Disc Format WarBlue-Laser-Disc Format War– Studios Supporting Only Blu-Ray:Studios Supporting Only Blu-Ray:

Columbia Columbia FoxFox Lionsgate Lionsgate MiramaxMiramax MGMMGM Pixar Pixar Screen GemsScreen Gems Sony PicturesSony Pictures Touchstone Touchstone TristarTristar Walt Disney Pictures Warner Bros.Walt Disney Pictures Warner Bros.

– Studios Supporting Only HD-DVD: Studios Supporting Only HD-DVD: Bandai Visual Bandai Visual Dreamworks Dreamworks Dreamworks Dreamworks

Animation Animation DVD InternationalDVD International HDNetHDNet Image EntertainmentImage EntertainmentInterscopeInterscope ParamountParamount Universal Universal WeinsteinWeinstein

– Studios Supporting Both:Studios Supporting Both: Concert Hot SpotConcert Hot Spot Discovery ChannelDiscovery Channel Eagle Eagle

RockRockHBOHBO MagnoliaMagnolia New New

LineLine



Digital Audio Formats

Audio Formats: Satellite & HD Radio mp3 CD SACD DVD-AudioSample Size (Bits) 16 16 16 1 24

Sample Rate (Samples/Second) 44,100 44,100 44,100 2,200,000 96,000# Channels 2 2 2 2 - 5.1 5.1

Compression Lossy Lossy None None LosslessData Rate (Kilobits/Second) 40-60 60-180 1500 9216 9216

Video Formats: Dolby Digital dts Dolby Digital True HD dts Master AudioSample Size (Bits) 16 16, 24 24 24

Sample Rate (Samples/Second) 44.1 44,100-96,000 96,000 96,000# Channels 5.1 5.1 7.1 7.1

Compression Lossy Lossy Lossless LosslessData Rate (Kilobits/Second) 384 750 As Needed As Needed


Home Theater Questions? Home Theater Questions?

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