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Ins truct or Notes : Digitized Shape Editor Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES  1     C   o   p   y   r    i   g    h    t    D    A    S    S    A    U    L    T    S    Y    S    T    E    M    E    S Digitized Shape Editor CAT IA V5 Tra ining Foils Version 5 Release 19 January 2009 EDU_CAT_EN_DSE_FI_V5R19
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8/10/2019 Digitized Shape Editor V5R19

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Instructor Notes: 

Digitized Shape Editor 

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES   1

 

   C  o  p  y  r   i  g   h   t   D   A   S   S   A   U   L   T   S   Y   S   T   E   M   E   S

Digitized ShapeEditor

CATIA V5 TrainingFoils

Version 5 Release 19January 2009

EDU_CAT_EN_DSE_FI_V5R19

8/10/2019 Digitized Shape Editor V5R19

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Digitized Shape Editor 

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES   2

 

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About this course

Objectives of the courseUpon completion of this course you will be able to:

- Import and process digitized point cloud data

- Create tessellated mesh on the point cloud data

- Extract characteristic curves from the data

- Export the result in the popular file formats

Targeted audienceShape Designers

PrerequisitesStudents attending this course should be familiar with the CATIA V5

interface

8 hrs 

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Table of Contents (1/2)

Introduction to CATIA Digitized Shape Editor 5

An Overview of Digitized Shape Editor 6

Accessing the Workbench 7

User Interface 8

Digitized Shape Editor Terminology 10

Car Door: Master Exercise Presentation 12

Point Processing 13

Cloud Import 14

Cloud Operations 19

To Sum Up 27

Master Exercise Step (1): Point Processing 28

Mesh Processing 29

Mesh Creation 30

Mesh Correction 33

Mesh Edition 39Mesh Operations 45

To Sum Up 52

Master Exercise Step (2): Faceting the Cloud 53

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Digitized Shape Editor 

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Table of Contents (2/2)

Scans and Curves 54

Scan Creation and Edition 55

Curve Creation 67

To Sum Up 75

Master Exercise Step (3): Creating the curves and exporting the result 76

Advanced Tasks 77

Integration of Clouds 78

Mesh Offset 89

Cloud Export 92

Added Exercise - Hair Dryer 94

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Introduction to CATIA Digitized Shape Editor

In this lesson, you will get an introduction to CATIA Digitized Shape Editor workbench,

terminologies used and the user interface of the workbench.

An Overview of Digitized Shape EditorAccessing the Workbench

User Interface

Digitized Shape Editor Terminology

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An Overview of Digitized Shape Editor

Digitized Shape Editor (DSE) is used at the initial stages of the Reverse Engineeringcycle. In reverse engineering, geometry of existing physical object is captured byscanning. The result is obtained in the form of digitized data.Digitized Shape Editor allows various operations on this digitized data.

With DSE you can import various forms of digitized data (meshes, grids, scans and clouds ofpoints) and extract characteristic curves, create tessellated meshes.

The extracted digitized data can be further used for the following:

Digitized data obtainedfrom scanning a car door

Tessellated mesh createdin DSE workbench

Characteristic curves extractedin DSE workbench

Designing parts in other workbenches such as FreeStyle workbench.Machining using the mesh created in DSE Workbench.

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To access the Digitized Shape Editor workbench:

Accessing the Workbench

1Select Start > Shape > Digitized

Shape EditorOR 2 Select ‘Digitized Shape Editor’ from the

list of favorite workbenches (if you have

earlier added it to your favorites).

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User Interface (1/2)

Specification tree

Digitized ShapeEditor Tools

Digitized shapeEditor workbenchicon

A Geometrical Set is a setof geometrical elementssuch as cloud import,

planar sections, cloudmeshes and curves.

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User Interface (2/2)

Digitized ShapeEditor tools

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Digitized Shape Editor Terminology (1/2)

Cloud of points: A cloud of points is defined as a set ofpoints in 3D space. In this course, the term cloud of pointsrefers to several representations:

representation as a set of points

representation as a set of scansrepresentation as a set of grids

representation as a mesh (or polygon)

Cell: A cloud of points mayconsist of several sub-cloudswhich are called cells.

Scan: A scan is an ordered series of points. It oftenrepresents curves via series of points. A cloud of pointscan be organized in consecutive scans.

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Digitized Shape Editor Terminology (2/2)

Neighborhood: Many functions in Digitized Shape Editoroperate on the points in space. In these functions, you can

specify a maximum distance (neighborhood) which will beconsidered around a point for the operation.

Working Distance: This is the distance beyond which theelements are not taken into account for a computation.

Characteristic lines: They are particular linescorresponding for instance to curvaturevariations (fillets start/end) or sharp edges.

Mesh: A mesh consists of a set of

polygonal faces (triangles) whichrepresent the surface of a 3Dmodel.

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Car Door

Master Exercise Presentation 

90 min 

Point processing

Faceting cloud of points

Creating curves and exporting the result

The purpose of this exercise is to practice the

functionalities that you will learn usingout the course.At the end of each lesson, there will be an exercisestep based on the lesson.

In this exercise, you will extract characteristic curvesof a Car Door. For that you have to perform thefollowing steps.

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Point Processing

In this lesson, you will learn to import the point cloud data and to clean the cloud of

points.

Cloud ImportCloud Operations

To Sum Up

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Cloud Import

You will learn how to import the point cloud data.

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Importing the Cloud of Points (1/4)

You can import point cloud data using ‘Cloud Import’ tool.

A. Select the files to import.

B. Format: You have the choice among a wide rangeof standard formats. A More button shows upaccording to the selected format, it allows moreparameterization.

C. Preview:a. Replace: It will replace the current cloud of

points by a new one.

b. Update: It will display the cloud of pointsalong with its bounding box. Then use themanipulators of this box to clip the part of thecloud you import

AB

C

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Importing the Cloud of Points (2/4)

An element is created in the specification tree, under the name of the cloud.x. If you import several clouds of points in the same action using option Grouped, the

result will be a single cloud of points entity Cloud Import.x 

D. Grouped: If activated, when recalling several clouds ofpoints at the same time you will get a single Cloud Entityin CATIA V5.

E. Statistics: This check box will allow you to get

information in the statistics window (number of points,dimensions…)

F. Options:a. Sampling: It allows to import a certain percentage of

the Digitized data. This will be done sequentiallyevery x points will be kept.

b. Scale Factor: The scan operation is very oftenperformed on a scaled model. You can apply the

given scale factor to work on real size model.

c. File Unit: your CATIA session is set up for a given

unit. The file you import comes from the outsideworld and may be digitized in another unit. Set upthe proper unit before importing the file

D E

F

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Importing the Cloud of Points (3/4)

G. More: Select the More button and youwill see the following menus specific tothe file format you have chosen.

a. ASCII: Direction and Delimiters applyto scans. Type this data whenever you

know it.

b. IGES:

c. 3D XML:

d. Gom3D: Facets is used to create or notthe facets of the imported cloud ofpoints.

e. Stl: System applies to the operatingsystem used to generate the binarydata: select Same if you know you areusing the same operating system asthe one used to generate the binarydata. Free Edges is used to create ornot the scans representing the freeedges of a cloud of points. Facets isused to create or not the facets of theimported cloud of points.

f. Leica:

g. ASCII User Format:

G

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Importing the Cloud of Points (4/4)

You can import data from your Smarteam vault

Check that Smarteam is set at the“Allowed” (or “Current”) state in Tools-Options-General-Document

Get connected to Smarteam:

Click Browse, a small window enables you to

choose to open your document from thecommon Files or from Smarteam.

Smarteam is open so you can select your file

1 2

3 4

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Cloud Operations

You will learn to reduce the number of points in a cloud, so that further operations will

be faster.

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You can remove points from the cloud using remove tool.

Removing Points (1/2)

c. Brush: It is an option to select an area on a mesh only. It allows theselection by keeping the left button pressed, and passing the circleover the desired area. The precision of the selection depends on the

diameter of the circle, modifiable in the contextual menu in EditRadius.

A

B C

DE

F

A. Global:

a. Select all: It will select the whole cloud of points.b. Swap: It will switch the selection by the ‘not selected’ elements.

B. Mode:a. Pick: It will allow selection by picking elements on screen. The

element type is filtered by the options from Level

b. Trap: It will allow the selection through a contour trap. The trap isdrawn in a plane but has a depth. Then you may change the trap bythe manipulators of the Trap.

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C. Trap Type: It can be defined by a Rectangularor Polygonal contour or by a spline.

D. Level: In coordination with Pick can be set,a. Pointb. Triangle

c. Scan/Gridd. Celle. Cloud

E. Selected Part: It can be,a. Inside Trap

b. Outside Trap

F. Valid Trap: You can create as many areas asyou wish by clicking Valid Trap and drawinganother trap, until you click OK to validate andexit the action.

Removing Points (2/2)

Inside Trap Outside Trap

Removed points cannot be recalled! Select All and Swap apply only to the current removal action. Theycannot be used to recall removed points, once you have clicked OK.

Valid Trap

Point Scan/Grid

Cell

Triangle

Cloud

c. Flood: Its an option to select an area on a mesh only. Itallows the selection by picking a triangle on the mesh. Alltriangles connected to this triangle are automaticallyselected.

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A.Homogeneous: Enter the value of the Sphere radius, used tofilter the points. The filtering sphere is visualized by a greensphere. You can change its position by a simple mouse click at adesired location.

B.Adaptative: The value to enter represents the local chordaldeviation. This filtering hides more points from the planar areasthan from other areas. That way, you can highlight bent areas.

C.Max. Distance: Ensures that some points will be kept to satisfy

the distance criterion

D.Statistics: It will be then displayed,a. Before application, the number of points to be processed.b. After application, the number, and the percentage of the

remaining points.

E. Physical removal: When this option is checked, you will removethe points from your actual Cloud of Points.

Filtering Points

When you filter scans or grids, filtered points are hidden, and newscans or grids are created. You can recall the points with Reset tab.

Homogeneous : The sphere passes over the cloud of points, starting on the first point met. All

the points that are inside the sphere are then hidden. The sphere goes to the next remainingpoint and removes the points that it contains, and so on.Adaptative : will use a local chordal deviation criterion.

Principle:

A

B

C

D

E

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Activating Points

You can define an active set of points from a Cloud of Points byusing ‘Activate’ tool.

Selection: The selection of the points is exactly thesame as with the Remove Points option. You have thesame modes available which are Pick, Trap and Brush.

The activated points are those that appear in red during the selection.Non active points are still in the cloud of points element, you can restore it when desired.If displayed as a shaded mesh, the result will not be visible. You should display the mesh astriangles to visualize the result.

A

A. Global:

a. Activate All: It will activate the whole Cloud of points.b. Swap will switch the activated by the ‘de-activated’ elements.

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Splitting Clouds

You can split a cloud into two using this command.

The user interface is the same as inActivate or Remove.

New elements SplitCloudare created.

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Projecting Clouds

This action projects all points of the selected cloud to a plane.

This command is often used in aerodynamics to compute the area of the projected cloud.

A. Elements:a. Cloudsb. Meshes

c. Scans

B. You can use the multi-selection icon to selectseveral elements.

C. Plane: Destination plane, the projection isalways normal to the plane.

D. Distinct/Grouped: In case several elementsare selected you can choose to group theprojections into a single output cloud.

The structures are preserved: projectedscans are scans, projected meshes aremeshes.

You can click a label to change the statusof the element.

A pop up menu is also available to switchthe lock status of one or all elements.

A B

CD

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Protecting Points

When working on a Cloud of points it may be useful to lock some points of them toprotect them from any processing such as filtering or smoothing.It is the case for example when working on a cloud which contains both dense pointsresulting from optic measurement and scans resulting from the accuratemeasurement of character lines.

A. Level: You can select the type of element thatyou want to protect.

a. Scans and gridsb. Whole cellsc. Points

B. All elements of the selected type aredisplayed with a label showing their status.

C. You can click a label to change the status ofthe element. A contextual menu is also

available to switch the lock status of one orall elements

A

B

C

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Importing Clouds of points.

Removing points.

Filtering points according to criteria.

Activating part of the cloud of points.

To Sum Up

You have seen how to handle digitized Data . You learnt:

Point Processing

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Car Door

Step 1 - Point Processing 

30 min 

Import the cloud of points.

Remove unnecessary points.

Activate Area / Filter the Data. From this Area preserve the characteristic lines.

Activate all points to check the result.

In this step you will:

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Mesh Processing

In this lesson you will learn to mesh the clouds, to improve the mesh characteristics and

to split a mesh.

Mesh CreationMesh Correction

Mesh Edition

Mesh Operations

To Sum Up

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Mesh Creation

You will learn how to create a mesh on the cloud of points.

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You can create a mesh on all the active points of the cloud using this tool.

Meshing the Cloud (1/2)

Increase the Neighborhood value to close unwanted holes of the mesh. In some cases, it may bedifficult to find a Neighborhood value that will fill holes without creating unwanted triangles. You canuse the green sphere to set up this parameter.

Neighborhood = 2mm Neighborhood = 5mm no Neighborhood

A. 3D Mesher: Applicable for any situation.

B. 2D Mesher: Applicable only to clouds with no hidden areain a given direction which must be specified; then theconnections are computed in a plane normal to thatdirection.

C. Sag: This is used to mesh dense cloud option withoutfiltering it prior to mesh. When used, the resulting meshwill not pass through all the active points of the Cloud ofPoints. It will then generate a mesh to the given tolerance.

D. Neighborhood: Maximum length of the facet edge: if one

edge of the facet is greater than this maximum, the facetwill not be created. Example:

A

B C

D

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Meshing the Cloud (2/2)

When computing a constrained mesh, type 0 as the Neighborhood value to check the boundaries of the mesh.If the boundaries are not satisfactory, modify the meshing plane to improve them.After the computation of aconstrained mesh, two mesh elements are visible in the specification tree: the constrained mesh and theinitial mesh. You can select one and then the other to make sure they are complementary.

A Mesh may require big computation time when based on a very dense cloud of points.

E. Constrained: When meshing part of a Cloud of Points, ifsome of the active points are already used in anothermesh, the computation of the new mesh will take thismesh into account to create a ‘seamless’ result.

Constrained meshes are compatible (samenodes on common boundaries) and can be merged byMerge Meshes.

F. Display:a. Trianglesb. Shading

Flat: Each triangle is lighted according to itsnormal; this mode shows the exact facets

Smooth: Triangle are lighted according to theaverage normal at each vertex. The result issmoothed and the display looks more realistic.

Triangles Shading

E

F

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Mesh Correction

Mesh created has defects and flaws in it. You will learn how to correct it.

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Filling Holes

The mesh obtained from using 'Create Mesh' tool may containsome holes. You can fill such areas using this tool.

Mesh created with the help of shape option.

1. Select the polygon to analyze.

2. The system displays all the holes as follow:a. X Holes not selectedb. V Holes selected

3. You can check Hole Size to control whichhole you want to fill.

4. Check Point Insertion to allow thecomputation of addition mesh points, withthis option you can also access to a sagvalue and a step value to control the pointsyou will insert.

5. By default the fill is Flat, use Shape optionto create the mesh on a virtual tangentsurface.

6. You may click a label to switch it from X toV (or vice versa) or use the contextualmenu.

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Creating Facets

You can create facets on the cloud of points, triangle bytriangle, using 'Interactive Triangle Creation' tool.

The points are not necessarily points from a cloud but they could also be CATIA points, curve extremities. This function can be used to fill in holes in the mesh.

Three ways of creating triangles are:

Then click Apply and OK to confirm.

A. Select three points or vertices.

B. Select two neighboring edges of an existingmesh

C. Select an edge of an existing mesh and apoint

A

B

C

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You can remove defects in the mesh and improve the quality ofthe mesh, using ‘Mesh Cleaner’ tool.

Cleaning a Mesh (1/2)

3 Actions:

A. Deletion of corrupted / duplicated triangles, triangleswith inconsistent orientations, non-manifold edges ornon-manifold vertices, isolated triangles, triangleswith long edges.

B. Structure problems: global orientation problems.C. Detection and deletion of thin triangles to make local

modification on meshes.

A. Deletion:

a. Select the Smooth Polygon icon and a mesh (oran activated portion). The dialog box is displayed.

b. Select Analyze. The systems displays the stats on

the defect of the mesh.c. Select the defects type you wants to erase, andeventually the color you want to display it with.

d. Click Apply.

B. Structure:a. You may reorient the mesh facets automatically.b. You may split the mesh into connex (continuous)

domains.

B

A

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Cleaning a Mesh (2/2)

C. Edition:a. Select a mesh.

b. Select Edition tab, check Small Angles box andtype the value for small angles.

c. Select Apply to collapse the displayed triangleswith an angle equal to or lower than the specifiedvalue.

C

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Smoothing a Mesh

You can improve the quality of a mesh that comes from a digit ofpoor quality, with the help of ‘Mesh Smoothing’ tool.

You may first activate only part of the mesh to focus on somearea only.

You may need to alternate the use of this action with the flipedge action.

This action cannot be used on the mesh containing Non- Manifold edges.

Original Mesh

Result of computation(Coefficient =1)

1. Type: single effect if no sharp edge, dual effect tominimize the volume reduction.

2. Type the value of Coefficient.a. When the value of Coefficient is 0, vertices are not

moved.

b. When the value of Coefficient is 1, the vertices aremoved at the full extent of the computation result.

c. This may lead to a temporary degradation of theenergy function of the polygon, but results in a finaloptimal solution.

3. Click Apply. The mesh is first displayed in Flat modeand then the computation is applied. The action isiterative a new Apply will open a new computation.

4. Select max deviation if you want to control accuracy.

5. The cumulative deviation statistic is displayed.

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3

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Mesh Edition

Mesh created has defects and flaws in it. You will learn how to edit the mesh to modify

its structure or content.

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Adding Points

You can add a new vertex either by picking an existing point orindicating a location on the mesh. You can flip several edgessuccessively by double-clicking on the icon.

1. Click the command.

2. Select the mesh to modify.

3. Select the GSD point and it will beautomatically inserted in the mesh.

4. You can also pick anywhere on the mesh

without any underlying existing point. Thevertex will be created and added to the mesh.

3

4

It is better to choose the Wireframe graphic visualization mode tohave a nice preview during mesh edition.

2

1

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1. Select the point. The Vertex translationdialog box appears.

2. Change the coordinates to repositionthe point.

3. Click ‘Init from neighbor’ to set thecoordinates of a neighbor vertex in thecoordinate fields.

4. Uncheck the Absolute check box totranslate the point with respect to thecoordinates of the selected point.

(400.109, -653.654, 365.592)

(400.109, -653.654, 365.592)

Moving Points

You can move a vertex of a mesh to define the new position. You canview the current final coordinates of the point. There are two possibilitiesto move the vertex.

1. Click the command.

2. Select the point and hold the mousebutton.

3. Release the mouse button when youwant to validate the new position.

1

43

(400.109, -653.654, 365.592) (400.109, -653.654, 365.592)

(403.066, -652.705, 368.530)

2

3

1

2

3

You cannot move a vertex on another existing vertex.

A. Drag and drop the point:

B. Edit the values in a dialog box:

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Removing Elements

You can remove a vertex, an edge or a triangle from the mesh. Itwill remove all connected edges or triangle and create a hole in themesh.

1. Click the command.

2. Choose the kind of element you want toremove.

3. Pick the element to remove from the mesh.

1

(400.109, -653.654, 365.592)

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2

3

3

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Collapsing Elements

You can remove a vertex, an edge or a triangle from the mesh. Itwill automatically fill the created hole by local remeshing.

1. Click the command.

2. Choose the kind of element you want toremove.

3. Select the element to remove from the

mesh.

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2

3

3

3

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Flipping Edges

You can turn over the edges of the mesh to see the alternateposition.

1. Click the command.

2. Pick the edge to flip.

1

2

You cannot flip free edges.You cannot flip an edge if it produces a non-manifold result.

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Mesh Operations

You will learn to improve the characteristics of a mesh. You will also learn to split a

mesh.

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Improving Edges

You can flip the common diagonal of two triangles, to betterrespect the sharp edges, using 'Flip Edges’ tool.

You may first activate only part of the mesh to focus on some area only. This action reorganizes the meshing without modifying the geometry because the vertices are not recomputed. This action cannot be used on the mesh containing Non-Manifold edges.

1. Select the Flip Edges icon and a cloud or anactivated portion of the cloud.

2. Type the value of Depth, this parameteridentifies the candidate triangles.

a. Value of 'Depth' determines the amplitude ofthe reorganization of the polygon and rangesfrom 0 to 10.

b. When the value of Depth is 0, the actionprocesses a triangle and its direct neighbors.

c. When the value of Depth is 1, the actionprocesses a triangle, its direct neighbors andtheir direct neighbors, and so on as youincrease the value of Depth.

d. This may lead to a temporary degradation ofthe energy function of the polygon, but results

in a final optimal solution.

3. Click Apply. The edges that could be flipped arehighlighted in their eventual new position. ClickOK to validate.

Depth 2

Depth 5

2

3

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Optimizing Density

You can obtain more homogeneous triangle calculation for themesh which will be required for analysis purpose.

Use the Cloud Display option to display the triangular tessellation, so that you can check

the differences. After this operation, the mesh is homogeneous; so it is useful to do analysis. However,

generally the mesh is less accurate after an optimization because the density of thefacets is not adapted to the curve of the surface.

A. Minimum edge length for decimation.

B. Maximum edge length for refinement.C. Dihedral angle filter to preserve sharp edges. Thesmaller the angle value is, the sharper the edges are.

D. Possibility to display the deviation with the original

mesh.

A

B

C

D

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You can reduce the number of facet in the polygon, using ‘Mesh Decimation’ tool.

Reducing the Number of Facets

1. Select the Decimate Polygon icon and a polygon (oran activated portion of the polygon).

2. Choose the appropriate method for decimation.a. Chordal Deviation: It allows to preserve the shape.b. Edge Length: focusing on removing smaller

trianglesc. Maximum for Chordal Deviation option: It is the

max deviation allowed, for Edge Length it is theminimum edge length for kept triangles.

d. Target Percentage: Type the percentage of thenumber of facets you want to get from the originalmesh.

e. Target Triangle count: Type the number oftriangles to keep.

3. Click Apply.

4. Cumulative deviation statistic is displayed.

a b

c

d

e

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Splitting a Mesh

To define an area the intersection curves must intersect each other.

Do not use Preview option if not needed, otherwise performance will drop.

A mesh may be cut by 3D elements (Curves, Scans, Planes, Surfaces). Theaction may be Trim or Split. Result may be one or several entities.

A. List of Cutting Elements: If you want to remove one from thelist, select it then hit Remove button.

B. Projection Type: When a curve is used as a cutting element aprojection direction should be input, chosen among:

a. Viewb. Compassc. Normal

C. Check preview if you want to see the projection.D. If you use the Trim option, the scissors will be used to

decide what to keep and what to remove. A contextual menuis available for global modifications.

E. Result:a. Distinct or Grouped may be used to get one result or

several meshes.b. Keep Initial if not checked the original mesh is removed

from the specification tree.

A

B

C

D

E

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You can display clouds in various styles using ‘Display Modes’from Properties.

Display Options (1/2)

A. Sampling: You can choose to display only a percentageof the points, using the Sampling option. By default,

100% of the points are visible. You can change this valuewith the associated spinner.

B. Scan or Grid:a. Polyline: Displays the scan and grid selected

connecting the ordered points by segments of lines.b. Point: whether yes or not the points are displayed.

C. For Polygons only following options are available:a. Triangles: Display of the facets (shaded display); the

display can be flat (each facet has a unique normaldirection) or smooth (also known as Gouraud shading).

b. Free Edges: The free edges displayed are those of thecomplete cloud of points (if you activate only a portionof a cloud of points, the free edges of that portion arenot displayed).

c. Non-manifold: Edge have their edges displayed asregular white lines.

d. Vertices: To display only the vertices of a mesh. Do notforget to deactivate the Flat or Smooth option.

e. Flat/Smooth: The common edges to be displayed as flator smooth.

A

B

C

Polyline Points Triangles

Free Edges Non-manifold Vertices

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Display Options (2/2)

A. Command Behavior: You can undo/redo the cloudedition commands.

B. Warm Start: You can specify maximum number ofcloud points to deactivate the warm start.

C. Light Visualization: You can choose to display onlya percentage of the points, using the Samplingoption. By default, 100% of the points are visible.You can change this value with the associatedspinner.

D. Dynamic Display: You can choose to display thecoordinate information.

C

DDynamic Display

A

B

You can display clouds in various styles usingTools>Options>Digitized Shape Editor.

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Create a Mesh (faceting) of your cleaned Point Data

Clean a Mesh.

Improve characteristics of a Mesh.

To Sum Up

You have seen how to use digitized data to:

Faceting the cloud of points

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Car Door

Step 2 - Faceting the Cloud 

30 min 

Mesh the model.

Clean the Mesh.

Optimize the Mesh.

In this step you will:

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Scans and Curves

You will learn how to extract the characteristic curves from a mesh.

Scan Creation and Edition

Curve CreationTo Sum Up

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Scan Creation and Edition

In this lesson, you will learn: 

To create sections.

To project curves on a mesh.

To create scans freely on a mesh.

To create boundaries of a mesh.

To create scan according to discretization mode.

To edit the scans.

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Creating Sections (1/3)

You can create intersections of clouds of points, meshes, surfacesand volumes with the planes, using the ‘Planar Sections’ tool.

From each plane using the Influence Area distance the system

computes a volume (yellow on the drawing) then select thepoints of the cloud inside this volume. From these points thesystem interpolates an intersection point.

For a meshed model, the intersection is directly performed onthe facets. Sag: If input elements are surfaces or volumes, atessellation of these elements is done.

The result is a Scan typed as Planar Section.

Principle:

A. Element: You can multi-select the elements to createsections from.

B. Sag: You can choose and modify the sag used for

the tessellation of surfaces or volumes.

C. Plane definition: sets the reference plane

a. use main plane (YZ, XZ, XY), use the compass oruse an existing plane.

b. a manipulator is then available to move thereference plane along its normal.

c. another manipulator is available for the last plane.

A

B

C

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Creating Sections (2/3)

F. Number:

a. Number: Type the number of planes you want toprocess.

b. Infinite: The whole model will be processed usingthe fixed parameter.

c. Step: Type the distance between 2 planes.

G. Swap: it inverts the direction for the planes.

H. Influence Area: ‘thickness’ of the plane (N.A for

meshed model).

D. Section guide: Select a curve, the sections will beperpendicular to this curve. The degree of thesection guide must be greater than 2.

E. Independent Planes: If you choose this option, you

can select several planes. The sections will becomputed on these planes.

H

G

F

D

E

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Creating Sections (3/3)

Although cutting a cloud of points is quicker (no need to mesh first), creating planar sections on a mesh

rather than on a cloud of points has some advantages:1- the action is dynamic on mesh: no need to apply to visualize the modifications (position of the reference

plane, step, number of planes,...),2- In the case of a cloud of points, the intersection may be interpolated, since the plane does not

necessarily intersect points. That problem is reduced with mesh since the plane intersects facets,providing a better accuracy.

I. If required, you can select one or two limiting curves.The section guide curve can be selected as secondlimiting curve (not as the first).

J. You can choose to group the resulting scans

a. In one entity:

b. By Element: The scans which cut the same elementare grouped into one entity.

c. By Plane: The scans which belong to the sameplane are grouped into one entity.

K. Curve creation: The result will be curve obtainedusing the function Curve from scan.

I

J K

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You can manually draw characteristic lines on thecloud of points, using 'Create Scans on Cloud' tool.

Creating Scans Manually

One single scan cannot be created over several clouds. If you press the Ctrl key while moving the pointer on the cloud, the

creation of the scan is displayed interactively.

1. Select the Scan on Cloud icon and a cloud.

2. Click points on the cloud to create the scan.

3. Double-click to exit the action.

4. A Scan_on_Cloud.x element is created inthe specification tree.

1

2

4

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Projecting Curves

You can project one or several curves onto a Cloud of Pointsusing ‘Project Curves’ tool.

You can use trap for curve selection. Try increasing the Working Distance if the result does not contain enough points.

Principle:The curve is broken down in a number of points that are projected on the

cloud. The 3 closest points from the cloud are located. The result is theintersection of the closest facet with the direction of projection.

A. Projection type:

a. Normal For mesh only.

b. Along a direction: then select the direction ofprojection

B. Sag: Computed on the curve according to the Sag

value then projected on the Cloud of Point (non-facetedcloud only).

C. Working Distance: The distance used to locate thepoints eligible to compute the 3 closest points to theprojection (non-facetted cloud only). Try increasing

this number if the result does not contain enoughpoints.

D. Curve Creation: When selected the result of the actionwill be curves. It will then also run the action Curvefrom scan (see dedicated function).

A

B

CD

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You can create scans or curves that represent the freeedges of a polygon, using 'Create Free Edges' tool.

Creating Free Edges

Available for mesh only. Use Activate function to limit the portion of Free edge.

Principle:

The system analyzes the active part of the mesh and checks which facet

has free edges and create the resulting curves from scan.A. Scans:

a. Distinct: Creates one entity per continuous set ofedges.

b. Grouped: Creates only one entity.

B. Curve creation: When activated, Curve from Scaninterface will be activated. You can then create thecurves directly.

A

B

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You can create a scan using a curve. Each scan position islocated on the curve and the repartition of the positions isdetermined by the user according to a criteria.

Discretizing Curves (1/2)

A. Curve: You can multi-select the curves to create thescans. You can also hide the selection.

B. Mode:

a. Chord: You specify the Sag and the Step.

b. Length + Positions: You specify the number ofpositions.

c. Length + Increment: You specify the curve-lengthincrement.

d. Parameter + Positions: You specify the number ofpositions.

e. Direction + Increment: You specify the main direction todefine a reference plane. You also define the incrementbetween the planes.

C. Sag: The sag represents the maximum distance between

the input curve and the theoretical chord connecting twosuccessive positions of the scan.

A

B

C

Several sampling criteria are available; each criterion has

specific input parameters.

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Discretizing Curves (2/2)

D. Step: The step represents the maximum distancebetween two successive positions of the scan. It’s anoptional parameter.

E. Points: This is the number of positions N. The length of thecurve is divided by (N-1), providing a constant curve-lengthincrement or curve-parameter increment.

F. Increment: This is the distance between two consecutivepoints or planes.

G. Direction: You specify a main direction (x, y or z) in order todefine a reference plane.

D

E

F

G

Chord Length + Positions Length + Increment Parameter + Positions Direction + Increment

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Editing Scans (1/3)

You can modify the scan using this command. A scan mayneed to be modified, to adjust its structure or content.Several options are available to edit the scan.

AB

C

A. Element: You can multi-select the scans to modify it.

B. Display rank: The scan is displayed with pointspositions.

C. Add Point: You can select the existing point tomodify the shape of the scan.

D. Divide: You have to pick a position of the scan. Thescan is divided into two parts.

D

External Point

ScanModified scan

Single scan Divided scanPick the position

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Editing Scans (2/3)

E. Merge: You defines the tolerance value. Thetolerance value will get modified if the merge cannotbe performed with the defined value.

F. Invert: You can change the orientation of the scan.

1 11

G. Reorient: You can modify the orientations of the

other scans to match with the reference.

G

F

E

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Editing Scans (3/3)

H. Sort: You can sort the positions inside each scanagainst the selected direction.

H

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Curve Creation

In this lesson, you will learn: 

To create curves from scans.

To draw curves on a Mesh

To draw 3D curves

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Curves can be generated from scans or set of scans using 'Curve from Scan' tool.

Creating Curves From Scans (1/3)

A. Creation mode:a. Smoothing: Fit the points from the Scan by curve

to a given tolerance.

b. Interpolation: Creation of a bi-spline passingthrough the points of the scan.

B. Parametersa. Tolerance: Sets the maximum distance between

the original Scan points and the resulting curve.

b. Max. order: It is the maximum order of the curvescreated, i.e. the number of control points of thosecurves.

c. Max. Segment: It is the maximum number of spansbetween two cutting points.

A

B

C

D

E

F

Split Angle is very useful to detect the sharp edges.

Curves created can be edited in other CATIA workbenches.

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Creating Curves From Scans (2/3)

C. Split Angle: This parameter is used to divide acomputed curve into two curves according to an anglecriterion. A split angle is proposed by default at 90degrees. Whenever the computed curve forms an

angle greater than this value, it is split automaticallyinto two curves.

D. Analyzes the curvature of the curves. You have thechoice between a curvature analysis or a radiusanalysis.

E. Display the maximum deviation.

F. Display the order and the number of segments.

Split Angle

Split Angle is very useful to detect the sharp edges.

Curves created can be edited in other CATIA workbenches.

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Creating Curves From Scans (3/3)

1. When the curve computed is segmented, thesegmentation is displayed as yellow x symbols. Thiscolor and symbol are not editable.

2. You can also add split points by picking points on thescan

3. The default constraint on a split point is "Point", i.e.passage. Click on the green square to change it to"Tangent". A second click will return it to "Point". You

can also use the contextual menu of the constraint.Use the contextual menu of the constraint to removethe split point.

4. You can remove the extremity point of a computedcurve, and replace it with a new or existing split point.

5. You can free or constrain the extremity point by

checking the appropriate option in the contextualmenu. You can also decide to remove the endpoint toselect another point from the scan to be the endpoint.You may align in tangency the extremity of the curve to

create with an existing curve or set a given tangencydirection

1

2

3

4

5

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indicates a point continuity (G0 continuity),

indicates a tangent continuity (G1 continuity),

indicates an internal point.

Creating Curves on Mesh

1. Mesh Support: Displays the name of the mesh on whichthe curve is created. It can be a multi-cells mesh.

2. Parameters: The parameters become active once the

mesh has been selected.

A. Tolerance: It is the tolerance used to smooth the scanformed by the points picked and the intermediate points,i.e. the maximum allowed distance between the resultingcurve and the points of the scan.

B. Max. Order: Maximum order of the curves created, i.e.the number of control points of those curves.

C. Max. Segments: Maximum number of spans betweentwo cutting points.

Use the contextual menu toselect a type of constraint

The symbol under the pointer indicates the currenttype of constraint. Picking a point on the mesh willcreate a new point with that constraint.

Point continuity

1

2

C

A

B

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You can also create curves directly with ‘3D Curve’ tool.

Drawing Curves (1/3)

Uniform

Chord length

A. Define creation option:

B. Insert a pointC. Remove a point

D. Constraint point on an element (curve, cloud…)

E. Define the smoothing accuracy if near points option isactive

F. Define maximum number of segments of the curve if

near points option is active

G. Choose a parameterization type:

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

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Drawing Curves (2/3)

1

2

3

1. Select existing points on a cloud or on anyexisting element (curve, point…) or select newpoints taken in the current privileged plane(defined by the compass)

2. When a point is constrained on a curve youcan move it along the curve with manipulators.

3. Right-click a point:a. to edit its position in space or on its

support elementb. to impose a tangency or a curvaturec. to remove or constrain the point

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Drawing Curves (3/3)

Right-click the curve tangentarrow to access tangentdefinition options

Define the tangencydirection at a point using

the circles as manipulators

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Create Scan Sections on a mesh.

Create curves on the clouds.

Draw Characteristic lines on a mesh.

To Sum Up

You have seen how to :

Creating curves and exporting the result

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Car Door

Step 3– Creating the curves and exporting the result.

30 min 

Create planar sections on the mesh.

Create curves from these sections.

Draw characteristic lines on the mesh.

In this step you will:

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Advanced Tasks

You will learn advanced operations in Digitized Shape Editor.

Integration of Clouds

Mesh OffsetCloud Export

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Integration of Clouds

In this lesson you will learn how to align several Clouds of Points, how to merge them,

how to extract and how to disassemble them.

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Checking Results (1/3)

1. Reference: Select a volume, a surface, a plane, a

point, a curve or a cloud of points.

2. To measure: Select clouds of points, points,curves, surfaces or volumes.

Analyze the distance between any two geometric element.1- Select the reference.2- Select the features to analyze (Curve, Surface, Set of Surfaces).3- Set the parameters.

4- Tune displays options.

View mode must be set as “Materials” 

3. Parameters:a. Accuracy: Define computation accuracy when at

least one volume or surface is selected as Reference.b. Only orthogonal: Select this check box to eliminate

points that are not projected orthogonal on theReference.

c. Absolute: Select this check box to perform theanalysis with absolute values only.

d. Direction: select this check box to define a projectiondirection by picking a plane or a line.

1

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Checking Results (2/3)

4. Visualization: Set the Visualization from thefollowing options

a. Spikesb. Pointsc. Textured. Max values

Spikes Points

Texture Max values

Options:Change the length of the spikesChange the display symbol of points

4

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Checking Results (3/3)

More options:

D

B

A

C

E

E. Number of significant digits: Define the number ofsignificant digits for numerical display of thevalues.

A. Homogeneous filtering: select this check box to

reduce the number of points of the dataB. Threshold: select this check box to remove points

with a deviation higher than this threshold.C. Step: this parameter is used to divide the data to

measure in small elements when they are curves,surfaces or volumes.

D. Style: Define the numerical display style of thescale. Three options are:

AutomaticDecimal Scientific

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Merging Clouds

1. Select the clouds to merge.

2. You can remove a cloud from the selection

using the Remove button.

3. Use OK to create the new Cloud of Points.

4. A new entity Cloud Union is created.

You can merge several cloud of points into one using this command.

4

2

3

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Extracting Data

1. Select the clouds to extract.

2. You can access the command from Cloud

Operations toolbar.

3. You can also access the command from thecontextual menu of cloud entity.

4. A new Cloud entity is created.

You can extract the visible points of an existing cloud of points.You can also extract the existing mesh.

21

3

4

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Disassembling Data

1. Select the clouds to extract.

2. You can access the command from Cloud

Operations toolbar.

3. You can also access the command from thecontextual menu of cloud entity.

4. New three Cloud entities are created.

You can disassemble multi-cell clouds into mono-cell clouds.

2

4

1

3

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Move a cloud of points to position it relatively to another by usingdynamic translation/rotation using the compass.

Aligning Point Data (1/4)

A new cloud is created.Two axis systems are created: AxisRef.X (from the input cloud) and AxisTrs.x (to the output cloud).Align with previous transformation is available.

1. Select the cloud to align.2. Select the reference cloud (not mandatory).3. Move:

a. If you selected a target cloud. Allows a first moveusing axis of inertia.

b. The compass is moved at the center of gravity ofthe cloud. You can act on the compass to movethe cloud.

c. Return to the last move validated by Apply.4. Display: For meshes Shading or Triangle display mode

are available. Percentage of points is available forClouds of points.

5. Keep Initial: Clear this check box if you do not want to

create a copy of the initial Cloud to Align.6. Select the respective Hide/Show icon to hide Cloud to

Align or reference cloud.

4

5

a

b

c

6

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Instructor Notes: 

Digitized Shape Editor 

Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES   87

 

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When the model has been digitized in several steps and there are somespherical features, you can use 'Align using Spheres' tool. The first pickedcloud is moved to be fit to the second picked cloud (reference).

Aligning Point Data (3/4)

While aligning clouds, you can use the function Deviation analysis to check theoutput accuracy. The target will be the output cloud.

We recommend that you pick the sphere in a direction orthogonal to the part toprocess, i.e. along the green axis and not along the black axis in our example.

For an easier sphere recognition, we recommend that you pick in the middle of

the sphere, not at the edge.

1. Select the cloud to move.2. Select the reference cloud.3. Click on the right of Cloud to Align, and pick the

spheres on the Cloud to Align.

4. When you are done, click on the right of References andpick the spheres on the References

5. Use OK to compute the alignment.

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Digitized Shape Editor 

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If the cloud has distinctive constraints (points, planes,cylinders), you can use 'Align Clouds with constraint' tool.

Aligning Point Data (4/4)

When an alignment cannot be computed, an information message is displayed, you can then delete oradd constraints, check that the constraints are consistent, or modify the constraint elements.

1. Select the cloud to move.2. Select Add to input the constraints, then pick the pair of

constraints to set, starting on the cloud you want to align.Select Add again to input more constraints.

3. Use Clear All to delete all constraints in one shot.4. Use Delete to remove a constraint from the list.5. Right-click a constraint to choose its priority level.

6. Select ‘Manual’ to display the directions of the constraintsto be able to invert them.

7. Use the Hide/Show icon to hide the cloud of points to make

the environment more clear.

Match canonic shapes by pair to define the transformation toapply. The number of constraints is not limited, you need todefine enough constraints to solve the 6 degrees of freedombut if you define more, the alignment will be optimized.

Principle:

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When confirming the action, a new cloud is created and an axis system is created onboth original and transformed cloud of points.

Temporary colors/transparency are assigned to the constraints to identify them.

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Mesh Offset

You will learn how to offset a mesh.

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If you want to offset the mesh by small values, use ‘Offset’ tool.

Creating an Offset

The offset is computed in the direction of the weighted normals of the points.For better results, you should avoid to enter a high offset value because no control of auto- 

intersection is performed, no control is performed for disappearing facets neither.For large offset values, you should use Rough Offset.

A. Offset Value: Type the value of the offset.

B. Free Edges: Create scans, will allow you to create the

free edges of your new mesh as scan entities.

C. Click Apply to check the result.

D. Use OK to create the new mesh.

A

CD

B

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Creating a Rough Offset

It enables to offset a complex mesh with auto-intersecting processing.

If you want to do an offset with a small offset value and if you don’t have to figure out auto-intersectionproblems, you better use the other Offset option (previous slide) which is more accurate in these cases.

The two Offset options can be useful when it comes to create rough stock.

Outwards offset Inwards offset

A. Offset Value: Type the value of the offset.

B. Granularity: Type a value to set the precision of the

offset. The smaller the value of granularity, moreaccurate will be the offset mesh.

C. Direction: This option enables to round the borders.Besides you can offset and extend in both directions.

AB

C

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Cloud Export

You will learn to export the data in various formats.

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You can create external format files from the clouds, scansor meshes using 'Export' tool.

Exporting the Result

1. Select the elements to export. The number ofelements selected is displayed in the

‘Element(s)’ field.2. Click Grouped if you want to export all elements

into a single file.3. Click Distinct if you want to export each element

into a distinct file.4. Click ‘...’ to enter the name and the path of the

file to be created.5. The Save As dialog box is displayed:6. Type the name of the file you want to create7. Select the format of the file you want to create.8. Click Save to revert to the main dialog box.

9. Select in which Axis System you want to exportthe selection:

a. Absolute: The selection will be exported usingthe axis system of the root of the document,b. Current: The selection will be exported using

the current axis system,

c. Part(s): The selection will be exported usingthe current axis system of each CATPart

containing the selected elements.

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IN ASCII mode, the scans exported have the following delimiters: G08 for the start andG09 for the end.

You may get a STL file through the menu Save As.

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Added Exercise - Hair Dryer

Exercise Presentation 

75 min 

Import several clouds of points.

Align the cloud of points.

Create mesh.

Offset the mesh.

In this exercise, you will create mesh from the Digitizeddata of Hair Dryer. For that you have to performfollowing steps.

You will require the following CATIA licenses to perform the exercise:1. HD2. slt

2. DSE. prd3. DSS. prd

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Instructor Notes: 

Digitized Shape Editor 

 

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To Sum Up

In this course you have seen:

How to import and process point data.

How to create and process meshes.

How to create scans and curves on meshes.

How to align, offset and export clouds.


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