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JNTU ONLINE EXAMINATIONS [Mid 1 -dip]www.JntuZone.com1. The set of points seen by the camera , after itwas arrived from normal positionis , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , different [01D01]

a. n0b. quitec. normald. high

2. In c = PCRGw equation w is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ [01D02] h h ha. Heterogeneous world pointb. world point at hc. Homogeneous world pointd. co-ordinatepoint3. Translation of the origin of the world co-ordinate system to the location ofthegimbals center is accomplished by usingthe _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ matrix [01M01]a. Identityb. transformationc. nulld.transition

4. A counter clockwise rotation of the cameraimplies position angles, and 0 0 m ark isz and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ axes are aligned[01M02]a. Xb. Y

c. Zd. R5. Digitization of the spatial co-ordinates (x, y)called[01M03]a. Gray level quantizationb. finite samplingc. Imagesamplingd. image quantization6. The basic objective of obtaining the _ ____

_ _ _ _ _ co-ordinates of anyparticular world point remains the same.[01S01]a. X-axisb. Y-axis

c. imageplaned. plane7. A world co-ordinate system (x,y,z) used tolocate both Camera and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

__[01S02]a. 3-Dpointsb. imaginarypointsc. 2-D pointsd. planepoints8. The offset of the center of the gimbals fromthe origin of the world co-ordinatesystem is denoted by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [01S03]a.

b. O c.

W d.W09. The camera was in normal position , in the

sense that the gimbals center andorigin of the image plane were at the _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ of the world co-ordinatesystem and axes were aligned [01S04]a. middleb. centricc. origind. end

10. Transformation angles are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ when the camera rotates counter

www.JntuZone.Comclock wise [01S05]a. negative

b. positivec. no changed. fixed to origin11. A 128 X 128 image with 64 gray levelsrequires _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ bits of storage[02D01]a. 4096b. 8192c. 12288d. 9830412. 4- neighbors of pixel p is [02D02]a. (x+1, y) ( x, y+1) (x-1, y) ( x, y-1)b. (x, y) (x, y+1) (x+1, y+1) ( x, y-1)c. (x,y) ( x-1, y+1) (x+1, y+1) ( x, y-1)

d. (x, y) ( x-1, y-1) ( x+1, y+1) ( x-1,y+1)13. A 64 X 64 image with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ graylevels requires 16,384 bits ofstorage [02M01]

a. 24b. 28c. 32d. 6414. A good image is difficult to define becauseimage quality is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _[02M02]a. high subjective, weakly dependentb. lowly subjective, weakly dependent

c. high subjective, strongly dependentd. lowly subjective, strongly dependent15. Fine sampling is required in theneighborhood of sharp _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _transition [02M03]a. Highlevelb. low levelc. medium leveld. gray-level16. f(x,y) is a digital im age , if ( x, y ) areintegers from ZXZ and f is a function thatassigns _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ value to each distinctpair of co-ordinates ( x,y)
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[02S01]a. identical b.imaginary c.gray- level d.

complex17. For a fixed value of spatial resolution, theappearance of an image can beimproved in many cases by using an adaptivescheme where the sampling processdepends on the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of the image[02S02]a. Valueb. immergec. characteristicsd. origin18. The 4- diagonal neighbors of p havecoordinate [02S03]a. (x+1, y), ( x+1, y+1), (x-1, y+1),( x-1, y-1)

b. (x, y),( x+1, y-1),(x-1, y+1),( x-1, y-11)c. (x+1, y+1),( x+1, y-1),(x-1, y+1),( x-1, y-1)d. (x+1, y+1),( x, y),(x-1, y+1),( x-1, y-1)19. Connectivity is used to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ofobjects and components of regions inan image [02S04]a. Establishing boundariesb. destroy boundarieswww.jntuZone.comc. Find boundariesd. change boundaries20. For coordinate p(3,4) the 4- diagonalneighbors of p are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _[02S05]

a. ( 3, 4) ( 4, 8) ( 3, 1) ( 2, 2)b. ( 4, 3) ( 4, 2) ( 2,5) (2, 3)c. ( 4 , 5) (4, 3) ( 2, 5) ( 2, 3)d. ( 3, 5) ( 3, 3) ( 2, 5) ( 2, 3)

21. D (p,q)=[(x-s) +(y-t) ] is the Euclidean _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _2 2 1 /2_ between _ _ _ _ _ _

e

_ _ _ _ [03D01]a. distance andpb. speed ,pand qc. speed, q and pd. distance, p and q22. The Euclidean distance between p and q isdefined as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [03D02]

a. D (p,q)=[(x-s)+(y-t)2 ]1/2 e

b. D (p,q)=[(x-s) 2 +(y-t)] 1/2 ec. D (p,q)=[(x-s) 2 +(y-t) 2 ]2

e d. D (p,q)=[(x-s) 2 +(y-t) 2 ]1 /2e

23. The city-block distance between p and q isdefined as [03D03]

d. D (p,q)=|x-s|+|y-t| 424. A binary relation R over set A for all a, b inA, said to be reflexive if [03M01]a. a R b

b. b R ac. b R cd. a R a25. A binary relation R over set A is said to besymmetric if for all a, b in A and[03M02]a. b R b implies b R ab. a R b implies a R ac. a R b implies b R ad. a R a implies a R b26. For coordinate p( 2, 3) the 4 neighbors ofpixel p are [03S01]a. ( 3, 3) ( 2, 3) ( 1, 3) ( 2, 2)b. ( 3, 3) ( 2, 3) ( 1, 1) ( 2, 2)

c. ( 3, 3) ( 2, 4) ( 1, 3) ( 2, 2)d. ( 3, 3) ( 2, 4) ( 1, 3) ( 2, 1)

27. Two pixels p and q with values from theset of gray level values are fourconnected , if q is in the set N (p) is known as[03S02] 4a.8-connectivityb. 4 - adjacentc. 4 - connectivityd. 8- adjacent28. A binary relation R over set A is said to betransitive if for all a,b,c in A and _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ [03S03]

a. a R b and b R c implies a R cb. a R a and b R b implies a R bc. a R b and b R a implies a R cd. a R a and b R c implies a R c

29. Two pixels p and q with values from theset of gray-level values are 8-connected,if q is in the set N ( p)is known as [03S04] 8a. 8-connectivityb. 4 - adjacentc. 4-connectivityd. 8 -adjacent

30. D distance is also called as [03S05] 4a. city-block distance

b. chess-board distancec. Euclidean - distanced. mean- distance31. The chess - board distance between p and qis defined as [04D01]

a. D (p,q) = min(|x-s|,|y-t|) 8 b. D (p,q) = max(|x-s|,|y-t|)

a. D (p,q)=[|x-s|+|y-t|] 1/24 b. D (p,q)=[|x-s|+|y-t|] 2

8

c. D (p,q) = max(|x+s|,|y-t|)s|,|y+t|) 8

8 d. D (p,q) = max(|x-

4 c. D (p,q)=[|x-s|+|y-t|] 34

32. The principle logic operations used in animage processing are [04D02]


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a. AND,OR, complimentb. greater,lesserc. greater, overd. less than or equal

33. D distance is also called as [04M01] 8a. city-block distanceb. chess-board distancec. Euclidean - distanced. mean- distance34. The principle uses of image multiplication isto correct [04M02]a. gray-level shadingb. noise reductionc. medical-imaging d. noise level shading35. Logic operations apply to [04M03]a. binary imageb. multivolumepixels

c. unary imaged. ternary image

36. The D distance between two points pandq is equal to the length of the between 4these two points _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [04S01]a. shortest 8-pathb. shortest 2- pathc. shortest 4-pathd. shortest path37. Arithmetic and logic operation betweenpixels are used extensively in mostbranches of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [04S02]a. binaryprocessing

b. digital processingc. signalprocessingd. image processing38. Arithmetic operations on entire images arecaused out [04S03]a. word bywordb. bit by bitc. pixel by pixeld. 2 pixels at a time39. The principle use of image addition is forimage averaging to reduce [04S04]a. thresholdvalueb. frequencyc. noise

d. thicknesswww.JntuZone.Com40. Image subtraction is a basic tool in [04S05]a. space imagingb. medical- imagingc. bionicsd. general tool41. Basic transformations are developed toovercome the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ problems[05D01]a. image rotation, image scaling, imagetranslationb. image acquisition, image translation

c. image transition, image rotationd. image detection, image translation42. Arithmetic - logic units in modern imageprocessors are used to perform

arithmetic & logic operations in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ [05D02]a. sequentiallyb. parallelc. randomlyd. Serial43. Arithmetic operation apply to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ [05M01]a. binary imageb. multivolumepixelsc. unary imaged. ternary image44. Logic operation are basic tools in _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ processing [05M02]

a. color imageb. digitalimagec. signald. Binary image45. Logic operation are basic _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _in Binary image processing [05M03]a. medicaloperationsb. digital analogc. signald. tools46. In addition to pixel by pixel processing anentire images, arithmetic and logicaloperations are used in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _operations [05S01]

a. adjacent-orientedb. connected orientedc. Neighborhood orientedd. control oriented47. The shape and meaning of the histogramare not affected by the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ readings [05S02]a. axisb. originc. horizontalaxisd. vertical axis48. To rotate a point about another arbitrarypoint in space requires _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ number of transformations [05S03]

a. 1b. 2c. 3d. 449. Neighborhood processing typically isformulated in the Context of so-called _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ operation [05S04]a. Logicalb. unmaskc. arithmeticd. mask


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50. Applying a mask at each pixel location ina image is a computationally _ _ _ _ _ _

WWW.JntuZone.Com_ _ _ _ task [05S05]a. Expensiveb. inexpensivec. difficultd. rays51. Player A chooses y e Y and player Bchooses z e Z, if player A looses, then he paysplayer B the amount _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [06D01]a. L(z,y)b. L(y,y)c. L(z,z)

d. L(y,z)52. A game g in the normal form is a triplet(y,z,L) where y and z are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ [06M01]a. arbitrary spacesb. arbitrary functionsc. bounded spacesd. constants53. Player A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ chooses andplayer B chooses _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ifplayer A looses, then he pays player B theamount L(y,z) [06M02]a. y, z e Zb. yeZ, zeYc. y, zeYd. y eY, z eZ54. The probabilities of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

membership are calculated from Bayestheorem [06S01]a. objectb. classc. uniqued. method

55. Bayesian decision theory is thefundamental statistic approach to the problem

of _ _ _ _ classification [06S02]

a. patternb. identityc. generald. unique

56. The decision making process is analogousto a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ game [06S03]a. statisticalb. non statisticalc. two - person zero sumd. non - zero sum

57. P(w = 1/4 , P(x/w ) =1/3 and p(x ) =1/2 then p(w / x) = [07D01] i ) i ia. 1/4b. 1/6c. 1/8d. 1

58. The multi variety normal density function iscompletely determined by [07D02]

a. n + n 2 (n +1)b. n +n/2

c. n + (n(n +1)/2)

d. n2 + 259. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the origin of the patternclassification algorithm [07M01]a.classifierb. Bionicsc. endentityd. secondentity

www.JntuZone.Com60. Player A choose z e Z and player B choosesy eY, if player A wins, he receives theamount[07M02]a. L(y , z)

b. L(y , y)c. L(z , z)d. L (z, y)

61. Bionics is the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of thepattern classification algorithm [07S01]a. middleb. originc. endd.second62. Each of the association units produces anoutput only if enough of the sensoryunit, which are connected to it are [07S02]a.deactivatedb. activatedc. compensatedd. uncompensated63. A game G in the normal form is a triplet(Y ,Z ,L) where L is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _[07S03]a. bounded spaceb. arbitrary functionc. bounded numerical functiond. boundedstring64. p(x/c)is the conditional probability ofobtaining feature value x given that thesample is from c.then p(x) is probabilitydistribution for future x in the entirepopulation and p(c) is the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ thata random sample is a member ofclass c.[08D01]a. priorprobabilityb. conditional probabilityc. profitabilityd. least probability65. A game G in the normal form is a triplet(y,z,l),where y and l are [08D02]a. orbitaryspace, bonded spaceb. arbitaryspace, arbitary functionc. bounded space, arbitary functiond. arbitrary space, bounded numerical function
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66. The M by N matrix L=L with elements L = __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ s called pay-off or ij i jloss matrix of game G. [08M01]

a. L Y , Zi i

b. Y, Zj j

c. Y, Zj i

d. Y , Z i j 67. The nature selects class w andproduces a pattern x. the probability that xcomes Ifrom Wi is written as [08M02]a. p(x/w)b. p(w/x)

c. p(w /x) i d. p(w ) i68. p(w /x)=1/9;p(w )=1/3 ;p(x)=1/2 now findp(x/w ) using Bayes formula i i i[08M03]a. 1/3b. 1/4

c. 1/2d. 1/669. ----------- refers to choosing the most likelyclass , given the value of the feature[08S01]a. Bayes classifier b. Bayestheory

www.JntuZone.comc. Bayes decision making

d. Gradient theorem70. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ process is analogous to atwo - person zero sum game [08S02]a.Statisticalb. Sensoryc. Equald. Decision making71. The classifier which _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ thetotal expected loss is called the Bayesclassifier [08S03]a. maximizesb. minimizesc. equalized. remain same72. Bionics is the application of biologicalconcepts to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ machineswhich are concerned with problems in animaland machine learning [08S04]a. statisticalb. electronicc. computingd. induction73. The response of the perception is _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ to the weighted sum of theassociative array responses [08S05]a. inversely proportionalb. equalc. proportionald. not dependent

74. In Byes classifier for normal patterns , thedecision function for class w may be i

chosen as d (x)= [09D01] i

a. p(x/w )p(x) ib. p(w /x)p(w ) i ic. p(x/w )p(w ) i i d. p(w ) i

75. In Game G=(Y,Z,L), if both Y and Z containonly a finite number of elements, thenG is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [09M01]a. infiniteb. finitec. unique setd. loop structure76. The classifier which minimizes the totalexpected loss is called _ _ _ _ _ ____ _classifier [09M02]a. Bayesb. generalc. unknownd. expected

77. The training algorithm for the perceptionmachine is a simple scheme for theinteractive determination of the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ vector [09S01]a. weightb. centroidc. Massd. Linear78. From a statistical point of view the bayesclassifier represents the optimummeasure of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [09S02]a. performanceb.probabilityc. risk

d. loss79. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ machines is a natural andpowerful model of machine learning[09S03]a. Statistical

www.JntuZone.comb. electronic

c. inductiond. preceptor80. The perception algorithm converges in a _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ number of iterations ,if the class under consideration are linearlyseparable [09S04]a. equalb. finitec. infinited. lesser

81. Player A chooses y e Y and player Bchooses z e Z . If Player A looses, he _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ player B [09S05]a. receive amount fromb. pays amount toc. Does not do any transaction withd. Does not received82. P(x/c) is the conditional probability ofobtaining feature value _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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given that the sample belongs to class [10D01]a. xb. c,cc. x,x

d. x,c83. The sensory units are the means by whichthe machine _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ stimulifrom its _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ environment [10D02]a. receive,internalb. send ,externalc. receive,externald. send,internal

84. In bayes classification loss function maybe expressed as L = 1-d where d = 1 i jwhen[10M01]a. ijc. i=j

d. i and j are constants85. The best bayes classifier for normalpatterns places a general _decision surface between each pair of patenclasses [10M02]

a. first - orderb. third -orderc.second-orderd. next -order86. One players loss is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ inmagnitude to the other players gain in azero-sum game [10S01]a. less

b. greaterc. equald. notdecided87. In the fixed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ correctionalgorithm ,correction incrementconstant greater than [10S02]a. 1b. 2c. 0d. 488. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the algorithm occurs whena wait vector classifies all patternscorrectly[10S03]a. fixedcorrection

b. absolute correction c.bayes

Www.JntuZone.Comd. convergence

89. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ algorithm requires that thestarting weight vector be differfrom zero[10S04]a. bayesb. fixedcorrectionc. absolute correctiond. fractional correction90. The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ schemes provide atool for finding the minimum of a

function [10S05]a. minimizesb. maximizesc. gradient

d. does not change91. The histogram of digital image with graylevels is a discrete functionP(r )=n /n.The no of pixels in the image withthat gray level is [11D01] k k

a. rk b. nkc. n

d. rn92. As all gray levels occur toward the middleof the gray scale, the image wouldappear as [11D02]a. light gray with high contrastb. murky gray

c. murky gray with low contrastd. light gray with low contrast

93. Histogram processing P(r ) gives anestimate of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of gray level r k k[11M01]a. probability of occurrenceb. probability of failurec. probability of coincidenced. probability of mutual exclusion

94. A plot of histogram processing P(r)function all values of K provides a _ _ _ _ _ _k

_ _ _ _ description of the appearance image[11M02]

a. normalb. globalc. locald. formal95. The final histogram with significant speed,corresponding to an image with ____

_ _ _ _ _ _ contrast [11M03]a. highb. lowc. moderated. unequal96. The image enhancement techniques byconsidering processing methods that arebagged only on the intensity of _ _ _ _ _ ____

_ pixels [11S01]a. singleb. doublec. halfd. Tribute97. The idea behind contrast stretching is to _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ dynamic range of graylevels in image processing [11S02]a. increaseb. decreasec. neither increase nor decreased. no change


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98. The thresholding fusion creates _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ image [11S03]

www.JntuZone.Com a. unary

b. ternaryc. binaryd. n-nary99. The dynamic range of processed image _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the capability of displaydevice [11S04]a. far exceedsb. not exceedsc. just exceedsd. no change100.The histogram transformation function isused to map the gray level of the pixelin the Neighborhood [12D01]a. cornered

b. centeredc. in between corneredd. near to centered101.Histogram transformation function is alsocalled as [12M01]a. histogram equalizationb. histogram computationc. histogram quantizationd. histogram non equalization102.In the local histogram processing, only onenew row or column of neighborhoodchanges during a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ translationof the region [12M02]a. column torow

b. pixel to rowc. column to pixeld. pixel to pixel103.Updating the histogram obtained in _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ introduced at each motionstep is possible [12M03]a. present location with olddatab. previous location with old datac. previous location with new datad. present location with new data104.The advantage of histogram equalizationover manual contrast manipulationtechniques is that the former is [12M04]a. Partiallyautomatic

b.partially manualc. fully automaticd. fully manual105.The cumulative distribution at r producesan image whose gray levels have

density [12S01]a. uniformb. nouniformc. distributedd. no distributed106.The histogram techniques are easilyadoptable to enhancement

[12S02]a. globalb. normalc. local

d. anywhere107.The local histogram processing isadvantage over computing the histogram overall pixels in the neighborhood region each timethe region moved pixellocation [12S03]a. 1b. 2c. 3d. 4

www.Jntuzone.com108.The undesirable checker board effect isproduced when reduce thecomputation isto utilize Regions [12S04]

a. non overlappingb.overlappingc. opposited. nearest109.The measure of average brightness andvariance is measure of [12S05]a. contrastb. intensityc. image processingd. local enhancement110.The histogram specification, the desiredimage levels could be equalizedby thetransformation function is [13D01]a.

b.c.d.111.If an noisy image g(x,y) is formed by usingM different noisy images, the g(x,y) is[13D02]a.b.c.d.112.The spatial filtering is opposed to _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ filtering using the Fouriertransform [13M01]a. time- domain

b. frequency domainc. complex-domaind.minimal-domain 113.The objective of image averaging is to _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ the noise effects by _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a set of noisy images [13M02]a. reduce, addingb. increase, addingc. reduce, removingd. increase, removing114.Low contrast images can result from[13M03]
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a. poor illumination, wrong setting of apertureb. wrong setting of aperture , lack of dynamic rangein the imaging sensorc. wrong setting of aperture, poor illumination

d. poor illumination, wrong setting of aperture,lack of dynamic range in theimaging sensor115.The histogram equalization method doesnot lend itself to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _application [13S01]a. non Local enhancementb. reverse image enhancementc. unique enhancementd. local enhancement116.The histogram equalization method iscapable of generating only anapproximation to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ histogram[13S02]

a. uniformb. nouniformc. continuesd. discontinues117.The method of histogram specificationfunction involves _ _ _ ____ _ _ _transformation functions. [13S03]a. 1b. 2c. 3

www.Jntuzone.comd. 4118.Noise image form ed by the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ of noise to an original image

[13S04]a. Removalb. additionc. no changed. depend on image119.An effective way to compress the dynamicrange of pixel values to perform thefollowing intensity transform ation is useful[14D01]a.b.c.d.120.The condition , 0


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O d. 1/1-[D(u,v)/D ]nO

129.If noise pattern consists of strong spikelike components which filter is used

[15M01]a. median filterb. low pass spatial filteringc. neighborhood averaging methodd. high pass spatial filtering130.If member of gray levels are 16 and with256 samples true then number of bitsrequired [15M02]a. 256* 256*16b. 256*128* 16c. 256* 8* 128d. 128* 128* 32131.Low pass spatial filter have [15S01]a. +ve coefficients

b. -vecoefficientsc. neutrald. no coefficients132.Low pass spatial filters also called [15S02]a. neighborhood averaging methodb. median filterc. generalmethodd. butter worth133.High pass filters are attenuate or eliminate[15S03]a. high frequency componentsb. low frequency componentsc. no frequencyd. any frequency components

134.Low pass filters are attenuate or eliminate[15S04]a. high frequency componentsb. low frequency componentsc. no frequencyd. any frequency components135.A classic application for enhancement is inthe area of medical imaging called[15S05]a. bright mode radiographyb. dark mode radiographyc. mask mode radiographyd. light mode radiography136.The different noisy images are increases

the viability of the pixel valuesof eachlocation (x,y) [15S06]a. increasesb. increase and then decreasesc. decreases and the increasesd. decreases

15137.The DFT is that function f(x) isdiscredited into a sequence by taking 'N'sampleunits apart [16D01]

www.jntuzone.com

a. x - xb. xc. x+ xd. x

138.The DFT function for x=0,1,2, N then theis [16D02]a. 1/ N xb. x1/ xc. N xd. x139.Edges and other abrupt changes in graylevels are associated with [16M01]a. low frequency componentsb. high frequency componentsc. medium frequency components

d. ideal frequency components140.A classic application for enhancement is in

the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of medicalimaging called mask moderadiography .[16M02]a.volumeb. cubec. aread. surface area141.changes in gray levels are associated withhigh frequency components [16M03]a. cornerb. Edges and other abruptc. centerd. size142.The histogram equalization method does

not lend itself to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _application [16S01]a. Local enhancementb. image enhancementc. interactive enhancementd. reverse local enhancement143.The Discrete Fourier transfer function is a _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ function [16S02]a. continuousb. discretec. discontinuousd. loop

144.The DFT function for x=0,1,2, N then the ,, , , , , , , , , , , , , is 1/N x

[16S03]a.b. Nc. xd. x/N145.The Separability property is obtained bysuccessive applications of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ [16S04]a. 1-DFT or its inverse

b. 2-DFT or its inversec. 3-DFT or its inversed. any DFT


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146.In the translation property , the visualexamination of transform is usuallylimited to display of its _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _[16S05]

a. angleb. magnitudec. volumed. area147.The average value of the 2-D discretefunction is [17D01]a.

www.jntuzone.comb.c.d.148.The Laplacion of two variable functionf(x,y) defined as [17D02]a.

b.c.d.149.Consider 2-FT relationships that constitutea basic link between the spatial andfrequency domains. These relationships called

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __[17M01]a. correlation, spatial convolutionb. convolution, correlationc. spatial convolution, spatial correlationd. spatial correlation, spatial convolution

150.f (x, y) = 1?N f(x,y) is the average value ofthe 1 2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _discrete function is [17M02]a. 2-Db. 3-Dc. 1-Dd. n-D151.The DFT and its _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ areperiodic with period N [17S01]a. equalb. Inversec. proportionald. not have any relation152.In the periodicity properties of theFT ,Fourier spectrum shows _ _ _ _ ____ _

_ periods in interval [ 0, n-1] [17S02]a. back-to-backhalfb.back-to-back-fullc. back-to-back doubled. back-to-back triple153.In the periodicity properties of FT , theshifted spectrum showing a _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ period in the same interval [17S03]a. fullb. halfc. doubled. terrible

154.The individual periods of the convolutionwill overlap, a phenomenon commonly[17S04]a. wrap around

b. roundingoffc. convectiond. truncate155.In the equation if correlation if f(x) and g(x)are the same function is usuallycalled and f(x) and g(x) are different function iscalled [18D01]a. cross correlation, auto correlationb. auto correlation, cross correlationc. auto correlation, common correlationd. narrow correlation, auto correlation156.``Whittaker-Shanoy sour lining theorem'' isa complete recovery of band -limited function from samples where spacing

satisfies [18M01]a.b.c.d.157.Application correlation in Imageprocessing is [18S01]

www.jntuzone.coma. prototype matching, closest match betweenunknown image and known imageb. prototype matching, no match between unknownimage and known imagec. prototype matching, closest match betweenunknown image and prototype image

d. match between similar image158.Sampling can represented by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ an Impulse train with thefunction of interest[18S02]a. multiplyingb.differentiatingc. integratingd. dividing159.The array formed by Walsh transformationkernel is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____matrix having _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ rows andcolumns [18S03]a. symmetric, orthogonalb. asymmetric, orthogonal

c. symmetric, polygonald. asymmetric, polygonal160.The elements of hadmard matrix arederived from the [18S04]a. kernel valuesb. by normalizing the hadmard matrixc. sequence of that hadmard columnsd. sequence of that hadmard rows161.The principal objective of sharpening is _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ live defining in animage [18S05]a. neglect
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b. highlightc. weakeningd.strengthen162.The method which is one of the basic tools

function image processingapplications in printing and publishing industry[19D01]a. sharp markingb. unsharp markingc. spatial markingd. gradient marking163.The transfer function of BLPE of order nand with cut off frequency locus atdifference do from origin is defined by [19D02]

a. H( mu,v)=1/[1+h(D(u,v)/D_0) n ]b.

c. H( mu,v)=1/[1+h(D(u,v)/D_0) 2 ]

d.164.High pass spatial files eliminates the _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ term [19M01]a. zero-frequencyb. high-boost-frequency

components function transform of given image[19S03]a. highfrequencyb. low frequency

c. bond frequencyd. in equal frequency170.The flitter transfer function that affect thereal and imaginary parts of Fouriertransform of image to be smoothed in exactlythe same manner. The flittersreferred as[19S04]a. zero-phase shift filtersb. 30-phaseshift filtersc. 60-phase shift filtersd. 90-phase shift filters171.In ideal filters indicates all frequencies outside the circle are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __[19S05]

a. Noattenuationb. complete attenuatedc. partially attenuatedd. varies attenuation172.The high pass filtering process attenuates

c. average-frequency the components with outd. low frequency165.Enhancement frequency domain iscompute the furies Henry function of imageand multiply the result by fitters transferfunction and take _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _the produce enhanced image [19M02]a. Fourier transferb. inverse transfer

c. beliestransferd. laplace166.For an ideal low pass filter career section,the point of transition betweenH(u,v)=1 and H(u,v)=0 often called [19M03]a. saturated frequencyb. cut in frequencyc. cut off frequencyd. unsaturated f requency167.Redirecting the average value of an imageto zero implies that the image musthave some _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ levels [19S01]a. negative grayb. positivegray

c. zero grayd. infinite168.Unsharp marking is the process of a _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ blurred image fromoriginal [19S02]a. addingb. multiplyingc. subtractingd. dividing169.The blessing is achieved in frequencydomain by attenuating or specified range of

disturbing information in the Fourier transform[20D01]a. low frequency, high frequencyb. High frequency, low frequencyc. low frequency, low frequencyd. high frequency, high frequency173.The image sharpening can be achieved infrequency domain by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ process [20M01]a. low pass filteringb. high pass filteringc. butter worth filteringd. low pass and high pass174.Ideal high pass filter is completely oppositeto _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ filters[20M02]a. ideal low passb. ideal butterworthc. ideal band passd. any ideal filters175.In the enhancement in the frequencydomain we compute _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _

of the image to be enhanced [20M03]a. integralb. Fourier transformationc. differentiald. lap lace transformation176.The zero phase shift filters are [20S01]a. radically asymmetric b.uniformly asymmetricc. radically symmetricd. uniformly symmetric


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177.In the enhancement in thefrequencydomain we perform _ _ _ ____ _ _ _ _ _transform to produce the enhanced image[20S02]

a.inverseb. Fourierc. laplaced. differential

178.The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ distancebetween p and q is defined as [20S03]a.hexagonb. generalc. Euclideand. hypothetical179.The final histogram with significant _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ corresponding to animage with high contrast [20S04]a. speed

b. volumec. aread. value180.The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _propertyisobtained by successive applications of 1-DFT or its inverse. [20S05]a. Separabilityb.Normalizationc. uniqued. non separable

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