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DIPLOMA IN OPHTHALMIC MEDICINE

Special diplomas in ophthalmic medicine andsurgery are issued by two examining bodies.University of OxfordThe diploma in ophthalmology (D.O.) is granted to

registered medical practitioners, and to non-registrablemedical graduates of universities approved by theBoard of the Faculty of Medicine, after passing anexamination, held annually in June. This examina-tion is open to candidates who have pursued atOxford a course of study in ophthalmology over aperiod of at least two months and who have attendeda 12 months’ course of clinical ophthalmology at arecognised hospital. Further information regardingthese requirements may be obtained from the Deanof the Medical School.

English Conjoint BoardThe Conjoint Board grants the D.O.M.S. after an

examination held in two parts, twice yearly in

February and July. Part I. comprises anatomy andembryology of the visual apparatus, physiology ofvision, and elementary optics. Part II. comprisesoptical defects, ophthalmic medicine and surgery,and pathology with special reference to ophthalmology.The examination in each case is written, oral, andpractical or clinical. Candidates may only enter forPart II. on completion of a year of special study ofophthalmology after obtaining a recognised qualifi-cation.

DIPLOMA IN MEDICAL RADIOLOGY ANDELECTROLOGY

University of CambridgeBefore admission to any course for the Diploma

a candidate shall produce evidence that he holdsa medical qualification approved by the committeeand also satisfy the committee that he has hadsufficient post-graduate clinical experience. The nextcourse, which begins early in October, 1936, occupiesnine months. The first four months, which can bespent either in Cambridge or in London, are occupiedwith (a) lectures and practical work in Physics,in preparation for the examination for Part I. inFebruary, (b) an introductory course of clinicalinstruction in Radiology and Electrology, (c) a courseof instruction in Pathology in relation to Radiologyand Electrology. The next three months must bespent in London, and are occupied with (a) lecturesand demonstrations in Radiology and Electrology(including Radium Therapy) organised by the BritishInstitute of Radiology, (b) clinical instruction in theRadiological Department of a hospital approved bythe committee. During the final two months of thecourse a candidate must hold a clinical clerkship orsimilar appointment in the radiological department ofa hospital approved by the committee. This part ofthe course may be done in London, or elsewhere.The examination for Part II. is held in Julyand October. Further particulars as to courses

and examinations may be obtained from Mr. G.Stead, M.A., Secretary for the Diploma, CavendishLaboratory, Cambridge.University of LondonThe course for the academic post-graduate diploma

in Medical Radiology extends over one academic yearand is open to registered medical practitioners andgraduates in medicine of this or any other approvedUniversity. The subjects are: Part I., Physicsand Electro-technology. Part II., (a) Radiology andRadio-diagnosis; (b) Radiotherapy. The examina-tion is held in March and June (Part I.), and inJuly and December (Part II.). Particulars may beobtained from the Academic Registrar.University of LiverpoolCandidates before admission to the examination for

the D.M.R.E. must possess a registrable qualificationapproved by the University in medicine and surgery,and must have attended courses of instruction in

(a) physics (two terms), (b) (i) radiology, and (ii)electrology during nine months in the X ray andelectrotherapeutic department of a hospital or

hospitals. An examination is held in March andJune (Physics) and in June (Radiology and Electro-logy). Examination in either part may be takenseparately. A registration deposit fee of £5 5s. ischarged on application and credited to the fees, butis not returnable in the event of the candidate failingto register. These courses commence during thefirst week in October. Application should be madeto the Dean, Faculty of Medicine, the University ofLiverpool.University of Edinburgh

Candidates for the Diploma in Radiology must begraduates in medicine and surgery of the University ofEdinburgh or hold corresponding registrable degrees orqualifications from some other licensing body, or ofother universities or medical schools specially recognised.The course of study for the Diploma covers an academicyear (9 months) and commences in October. Thenumber of candidates to be admitted to the course islimited, and early application for admission is essential.Candidates are not admitted to the examinationfor the Diploma until after the lapse of not less than oneyear from obtaining a recognised qualification. Theexamination, which is written, oral, and practical, is intwo parts: (a) Physics, and (b) Radiology. Fullparticulars may be obtained from the Dean of theFaculty of Medicine.

English Conjoint BoardThe examination for the D.M.R., R.C.P. and S. com-

prises Part I. Physics, as applied to Radiology, andPart II. Medical Radiology, with special reference to itsclinical application, including Radio-diagnosis, X RayTherapy, and Radium Therapy. Both examinations,which are written, oral, and practical, are held duringJanuary and July. The course of study extendsover one academic year of full-time study, subse-quent to the attainment of a recognised qualification.Before admission to the examination the followingcertificates must be produced. For admission toPart I. evidence of having attended a course ofinstruction in physics as applied to radiology at arecognised medical school or institution for not lessthan three months. For admission to Part II. evidenceof having attended at a recognised hospital coursesof instruction, theoretical and practical, in medicalradiology, including radio-diagnosis, X ray therapy,and radium therapy, with clinical experience forthree terms.

Candidates may enter for Parts I. and II. eithertogether or separately, subject to the production of therequired certificates ; but no candidate is permittedto proceed to Part II. of the examination until hehas passed in Part I. Candidates must give 21 days’notice, in writing, of their intention to present them-selves for examination, to the Secretary at theExamination Hall, 8-11, Queen-square, London,W.C.1, forwarding at the same time the necessarycertificates of study. The conditions regardingadmission to examination may be modified at thediscretion of the Committee of Management in thecase of a candidate (a) who has carried out originalinvestigations in any subject of the examination,or (b) whose studies have extended over a prolongedperiod of time without fulfilling the exact conditions.Exemption will not be granted from any part of theexamination.

DIPLOMA IN LARYNGOLOGY ANDOTOLOGY

English Conjoint BoardThe Board grants the D.L.O. after an examina-

tion held in two parts, in June and December.Part 1. comprises anatomy, embryology, and physio-logy of the ear, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea andbronchi, and œsophagus. Part II. comprises themedicine, surgery, and pathology of the ear, nose,

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pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi, and oesophagus,and the recognition and use of special instrumentsand appliances. The examination in each case iswritten, oral, and practical or clinical. Candidatesmay only enter for Part II. on completion of one yearof special study of the diseases of the ear, nose,

pharynx, and larynx, after obtaining a registrablequalification, or a degree in medicine and surgery ofa University recognised by the Board.

DIPLOMA IN TUBERCULOUS DISEASES

University of WalesCandidates may be admitted to examination for

the Tuberculosis Diseases Diploma after the lapse of notless than two years, from the date of obtaining aqualification in Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery,registrable in Great Britain, or in the Dominions,Colonies, and Dependencies of the British Empire.Every candidate must have held a resident post in aTuberculosis Hospital, or at an Orthopaedic Institutionproviding not less than one hundred tuberculosis beds,,or shall satisfy the Faculty of Medicine that he haspursued a special study of tuberculosis equivalent to theabove for a period of not less than twelve months.The examination is in two parts. Part I. (a) written

and (b) oral and practical, including the examination ofpatients, and the recognition of specimens ; Part II.is a written and practical examination on the epi-demiology, pathology, and bacteriology of tuberculosis.Every candidate will be required to satisfy the exam-iners in both parts in the same examination. TheCourse of Instruction commences in January andcontinues until May each year, when the examinationsare held Further particulars may be obtained from theSecretary, The Welsh National School of Medicine, TheParade, Cardiff.A limited number of appointments for part-time

Assistant Tuberculosis Physicians are advertisedannually in September by the Welsh National MemorialAssociation, enabling suitably qualified and selectedcandidates to study for the Diploma. Particulars onapplication to the Secretary, Welsh National MemorialAssociation, Memorial Offices, Westgate-street, Cardiff.

DIPLOMA IN BACTERIOLOGY

University of LondonThe course of study for the Academic Post-graduate

Diploma in Bacteriology extends over one academicyear and is open to (a) Graduates in Medicine,Science, and Pharmacy of this or another approvedUniversity, whose previous training has, in theopinion of the University, fitted them to profit bythe Course ; and (b) registered medical practitionersand other students who, though not graduates, haveobtained a qualification and undergone a previoustraining which, in the opinion of the University, hasfitted them to profit by the Course.A Course necessary to fulfil the regulations of this

Diploma has been planned by the London School ofHygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel-street,London, W.C., and full particulars with regard to theDiploma may be obtained from the AcademicRegistrar, University of London, Bloomsbury, W.C.I.

DIPLOMA IN CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

University of LondonThe course of study for the Academic Post-graduate

Diploma in Clinical Pathology extends over one

calendar year, and is open to graduates in Medicineand to registered medical practitioners. The subjectsare (1) Morbid Anatomy and Histology ; (2) Bacterio-logy and Serology ; (3) Biochemistry. The examina-tion is held in December. Particulars may be obtainedfrom the Academic Registrar, University of London,Bloomsbury, W.C.1. Particulars of the ExternalDiploma in Clinical Pathology may be obtained fromthe External Registrar at the same address.

DIPLOMA IN ANESTHETICS

English Conjoint BoardExaminations for the new diploma of D.A. will

take place twice yearly, in May and November.Tests will be written and oral. Subjects includehistory, theory, and practice of anaesthetics ; pharma-cology and elementary chemistry of anaestheticdrugs ; pre- and post-operative conditions relevantto anaesthesia. A candidate must either have helda resident appointment in a recognised generalhospital for twelve months, of which at least sixshall have been as resident anaesthetist, or he musthave administered anaesthetics in a recognised generalhospital on not less than one thousand occasions, atleast one-half of which shall have been for majorsurgical procedures. These conditions may be modifiedfor candidates who have carried out original investiga-tions in the science or practice of anaesthetics or whosestudies have extended over a long period withoutfulfilling the exact conditions. During the next threeyears the diploma may be granted to anaesthetists ofnot less than ten years’ standing attached to a teachinghospital.

DIPLOMA IN CHILD HEALTH

English Conjoint BoardExaminations for the diploma of D.C.H. will be held

in March and October. The examination (written,oral, and clinical) will comprise the following subjects,special emphasis being laid on their preventiveaspects: (a) anatomy, physiology, and pathologyof childhood ; (b) development of the child, physicaland mental, including speech, with their disorders ;physical education in childhood ; (c) hygiene anddietetics of infancy and childhood ; (d) affectionsof the new-born ; (e) disease in infancy and child-hood, medical and surgical ; (f) therapeutics ofinfancy and childhood, including remedial treatment,physical and mental ; (g) legislation and publicadministration in regard to the care of children,including the methods of infant welfare centres andof the school medical service. The candidate musthave been in a recognised children’s hospital or

department as resident medical officer for six monthsor as clinical assistant for a year, though these condi-tions may be modified in the case of candidates whohave carried out original research or whose studiesand practice have extended over a long period.Forms of application, to be obtained from thesecretary, Examination Hall, 8, Queen-square,London, W.C.1, must be returned at least 21 daysbefore the examination.

M.D. DEGREES OF SWISS UNIVERSITIES.-TheUniversities of Basle, Bern, Geneva, Lausanne,and Zurich grant the degree of Doctor of Medicineto " medical practitioners from other countries whoare legally entitled to practise in their country oforigin" under the following conditions : 1. Pursuea course of study in the final subjects of the medicalcurriculum, and pass a viva-voce examination insuch, at the end of one academic year (nine months).The normal period of study is from October to July.The viva voce is usually taken at the end of theLent term (March) or early in the summer term(May-June). 2. Prepare at the same time a thesisfor the doctorate, which has to be accepted by theFaculty of Medicine towards the end of the year.The total fees (examination and diploma) amount toFr.450 Swiss (£25). At Lausanne there is a tutor forBritish practitioners. At Geneva and Lausanne alaboratory or clinical course is so arranged that itprovides the subject matter for the thesis, which isprepared during the entire stay. The candidate shouldmake written application to the Dean of the Facultyof Medicine, and further information can be obtainedin this country from the hon. secretary of the LausanneMedical Graduates’ Association (Dr. Charles Franklyn,The Corner House, Queensway, Lincoln).