+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F....

Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F....

Date post: 06-Mar-2018
Category:
Upload: hakiet
View: 223 times
Download: 3 times
Share this document with a friend
17
Direct Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Colorado School of Mines
Transcript
Page 1: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Direct Ammonia SOFC

Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Colorado School of Mines

Page 2: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Why SOFC and Why Ammonia? •  High efficiency

•  Efficient at part load •  Fast response • Use of many fuels (NH3)

Page 3: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

SOFC/SOEC Basic Concept

Page 4: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Ammonia SOFC/SOEC – Potentially Reversible

SOEC or Hydrammine

Page 5: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Why Small and Micro-Tubular SOFC?   The small-scale tubular solid oxide

fuel cells (SOFC), have many advantages over larger tubular and planar designs, including:  Excellent thermal shock properties

giving rapid start-up ability,  High mechanical integrity  Easy and Cheap to Fabricate  Easy design for stacking and

manifolding

Page 6: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

high efficiency on energy conversion and Selective reactions

Fuel Cells

Chemical Syntheses

H2 Station

Ceramic reactor

APU for Vehicles

Cube Cell

Environment Purifying

SOEC/SOFC Applications

NH3

Page 7: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Overview of SOFC/SOEC Program

Micro-tube cells are integrated in a porous cathode cube.

Cell Cube

• micro-tubular designed cell high thermal shock proof high productivity

• intermediate temperature operation (650oC) quick start-up (in a few minutes)

• modularized design

high cubic power density 

Modular

Page 8: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Concept

anode current-collector

electrolyte layer

cathode layer

cathode current-collector

anode support tube

Page 9: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Cell Fabrication Process The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to

50% Ni 50% 8YSZ

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file

Polymer Binder

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer,

Water

Mixing

Vacuuming

Extrusion

Tube Cutting

Pre - firing

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Tube Completed

(Anode)

Dip Coating

Drying

Sintering

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Anode and Electrolyte Completed

Brush Painting

Cathode Firing

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Single Cell Completed

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to

Anode Powder

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file

Polymer Binder

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer,

Water

Mixing

Vacuuming

Extrusion

Tube Cutting

Pre - firing

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Tube Completed

(Anode)

Electrolyte Coating

Drying

Sintering

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Anode and Electrolyte Completed

Brush Painting

Cathode Firing

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Single Cell Completed

Page 10: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Powder Preparation and Mixing

Page 11: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Example of our Extrusion Capability

Page 12: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Support : Metal oxide-ceramic composite (200µm in thickness)

Electrolyte : Perovskite protonic ceramic (10-20µm in thickness)

Electrode : Metal oxide-ceramic composite (40µm in thickness)

Cell Preparation

0.8-1.8 mmΦ support tube

Electrolyte Application

Co-fired at 1450°C

Application of electrode

Sintered at 1000°C for 1 h.

0.8mm diameter anode tube

0.8mm diameter support tube with electrolyte

Fabrication of Micro-tubular Protonic Electrolyte on Anode Support

Page 13: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Details of the Perovskite Tube Microstructure

Protonic Perovskite (Sintered Material)

Page 14: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Test Set up for Ammonia in a PCFC and Production in a PCEC

NH3

PCEC

Page 15: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Results from PCFC Testing on Ammonia at 700oC

Page 16: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

IV Curves at 700oC

Page 17: Direct Ammonia SOFC - NH3 Fuel Association · PDF fileDirect Ammonia SOFC Nigel Sammes H.F. Coors Distinguished Professor in Ceramic Engineering Department of Metallurgical & Materials

Power Curves at 700oC


Recommended