Discourse Analysis and Pragmatics

Group 5

1. Hendri Saputra

2. Meidiana Eka Putri

3. Mutiara Ayu

Implicit Meaning

Implicatures

Grice’s Cooperative Principle

“Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk

exchange in which you are engaged.”

Four Maxims or “Super Maxims” in Grice’s Cooperative Principle

Ellipsis

The omission from a sentence

1. Parallel Ellipsis Positive Ellipsis Negative Ellipsis

2. Contrary Ellipsis

Example parallel ellipsis

1. Positive ellipsis

2. Negative ellipsis

The students often come late and the teacher does too

Yati didn’t like the movie and tati didn’t either

Example Contrary Ellipsis

Her father got angry with her because she had left scratches on the new car but her mother didn’t

She always comes late but I don’t

Substitution

When a substitute form is used, such as “one”.

A : Which ice-cream would you like? B : I would like the pink one

A : Who has a pen? B : I have one.

Conjunction

Example

Word to word

Most children like cookies and milk

Phrase to phrase

The golden is hidden at the beach or by the lakeside

Clause to clause What you say and what you do are two different things

DISCOURSE ANALYSIS AND LANGUAGE TEACHERS

Shelby J. Barrentine

discourse analysis means analyzing language based on the use of context which contains elements of social practice because language is a means of communication between members of the societies or communities.

Discourse Analysis

TYPES OF TYPES OF DISCOURSEDISCOURSE

Based on reality, media communication, presentation, and its user types

DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

The emergence of discourse analysis is in response to the flow of pure linguistics can not completely explain the nature of language and depth

The Definition of Discourse Analysis

Error Analysis (EA) Interlanguage

(IL)

written language is different from the spoken language in some ways

The written language does not need any communication partner that can directly respond to what is said as in the spoken language

Written language is usually more grammatical or acceptable in both the grammar and vocabulary. unlike in spoken language, the speaker has a limited time to say what is in his mind

Discourse Analysis, Written Language, and Language Teachers

Written language must comply with the rules of the language used, including punctuation, but in the spoken language of all the punctuation marks are not visible but replaced by intonation, pauses or pause, or stop to tone down the sentence pronounced signifies completion

the written fragments of language or sentence that do not have a subject or a verb is not considered a sentence, but the spoken language is sometimes the subject of the sentence is not mentioned again in replying to a question then the resulting language is not scientific

the speaker and the listener in oral discourse the reader and the author in written discourse language elements in its outward forms

concerning all aspects such as sentence patterns, shapes vocabulary, punctuation in written language or suprasegmental phonemes in spoken language

sustainability discourse between one sentence and the next sentence, and between paragraphs one and the next paragraph

Discourse and the Interpretation