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Discoverer 4i
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Oracle Discoverer
Name of the author: Padma Rani Puri
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WHAT IS DISCOVERER :
Oracle Discoverer is an adhoc query tool enabling users to develop reports
to meet business needs.
Oracle Discoverer (like Oracle Reports) is part of Oracle's Business
Intelligence set of tools.
WHY DISCOVERER :
Oracle Discoverer is intended to provide end users easy access to data and
allow them to do data analysis.
The whole purpose of Discoverer is to help you—the business
professional—view the data you want from a database, analyze it to support
your business decisions, and create reports to keep track of things..
Discoverer Definitions :
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Discoverer Architecture
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Introduction
• Oracle Discoverer Desktop/Plus is a data access tool.
• You use it to view the information in your company’s databases.
• It will be used to explore the data by using the business area.
What is Discoverer Desktop
What is Discoverer Administrator
• Discoverer Administrator is a tool to hide the complexity of the database
from business users, so they can answer business questions quickly and
accurately using Oracle Discoverer.
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The Discoverer Method of Data Access
End User Layer
It will work between the user edition and the database.
It will decrease the complexity of sql joins and other performance.
Business Area
It is a logical grouping of information from database tables or views. within business areawe can create folders items and joins.
Folders
Folders are created based on tables or views, Items are created based on columns.
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Workbook Window
Workbook Window
a) Tool Bar
b) Analysis Bar
c) Formatting Bar
d) Page Axis
e) Top Axis
f) Left Axis
g) Data Pointsh) Worksheet Tabs
i) Tab Scroll Buttons
j) Page Scroll Bar
(Horizontal)
k) Page Scroll Bar
(Vertical)
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Oracle Discoverer
Module 2 - Administration
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End User Layer (EUL)
Discoverer Administrator> Tools> EUL Manager
EUL provides an intuitive, business-
focused view of the database using
terms that Discoverer end users are
familiar with and can easilyunderstand.
The EUL contains the metadata that
defines one or more business areas.
Use the EUL Manager to create and
maintain EULs for different users
(userids) in the database
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End User Layer (EUL)
Discoverer Administrator> Tools> EUL Manager> Create EUL
The Create EUL
Wizard walks you
through the steps ofcreating a new EUL.
The first step is to
choose the user who
will own the new EUL.
‘APPS’ database user
has access to all the
schema used forOracle Apps
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End User Layer (EUL)
Discoverer Administrator> Tools> EUL Manager> Create EUL
The user creating EUL
for a schema should
know the password of
schema’s database
user id.
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End User Layer (EUL)
Discoverer Administrator> Tools> EUL Manager> Create EUL
Select the default and
temporary tablespace
for the new user byclicking your choice in
the list.
These settings aredatabase settings
Default table space
must be at least 3mb
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Create a business area and load data into it (mandatory).
Business areas are conceptual groupings of tables and/or views
Discoverer Administrator displays a business area as a file cabinet on the
Data tab of the Work area.
You create a business area in Discoverer Administrator using the Load
Wizard (User-friendly Interface)
Identify the data source and have a clear understanding of its design.
Identify which tables, views, and columns are required. Identify those that
are likely to be included in multiple business areas.
Map out the necessary joins and determine whether they exist in thedatabase or will have to be created by you using Discoverer Administrator.
Business Area
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Business Area- Load Wizard
The Load Wizard is
where you openexisting business
areas or create a
new one.
It is the first step to
working in the
Administration
Edition.
Discoverer Administrator> File> New
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Business Area- Load Wizard
Discoverer allows
you to load
metadata that is
present in thedatabase.
Discoverer Administrator> File> New
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Business Area- Load Wizard
Discoverer Administrator> File> NewSelect a database linkThe default database is the
one to which you are
currently connected. You
can also select users from
other databases byselecting another database
link from the drop down list.
Select the users you want to
load [for loading meta datafrom an online dictionary]
The list box shows the
names or userids contained
within the database you
selected. Choose one ormore users from the list.
Use the Select All and
Clear All buttons to help
you select the users.
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Business Area- Load Wizard
Select the specific
objects to load into
the business area.
Each table and view
that you select will be
a folder in thebusiness area.
Two tables to be used
in the report areselected
Discoverer Administrator> File> New
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Business Area- Load Wizard
These options letyou make your
business area and its
folders easy to find
and access
Discoverer Administrator> File> New
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Business Area- Load Wizard
Finally, you mustname your new
business area.
Discoverer Administrator> File> New
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Granting Access Permission for
Business Area
Apps and Scott Users will be
able to access the business
area.
Tools> Security
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Folder, analogous to a directory in Windows where folders are the containers
and items are the files held in the folders.
Folders can include items, calculated items, joins, item classes, and
hierarchies.
You can assign a folder to one or more business areas.
A folder has a single definition, regardless of the number of business areas
to which you assign it.
Three Type of Folders:
Simple Folders, which contain items based on columns in a single database
table or view
Complex Folders, which can contain items based on columns from multipledatabase tables or views. This is analogous to a view in the database.
Custom Folders, which are based on SQL statements
Folders
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Simple And Complex Folders
Simple folders are created based on single table where we can use only
that table columns.
Complex folders consist of items from one or more other folders.
Complex folders enable you to create a combined view of data from multiplefolders.
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Creating Custom Folder
Insert> Folder> Custom
This section describes how
to create a custom folder
Like other folders, custom
folders require joins in order
for its data to relate to other
data in the business area.
TIP: You can add
comments to your SQL
statements by beginning the
comment line with.
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Items
An Item, is a representation of a
database table's column, in the EUL
Administrator can do following on
items (Columns):
Formatting Change
Name Change
Other changes to enable
user to clearly read thedata
Items are stored in folders and can
be:
Created
Deleted
Moved among different
folders
Item>Right Click> Properties
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Create Calculation Item
Calculation Items behavemuch like any other Item in a
Folder
Calculated Item can be
used in Conditions,Summaries, Lists of Values,
Joins, and other Calculation
Items.
3 Calculations in
Discoverer
Derived calculations
Aggregate calculations
Aggregate Derivedcalculations
Add new item to show
difference of order qty and
invoice qty in sample report.
Folder Name> Right Click> New Item
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Create Joins
To create a join, select
the Master folder
the operator
the detail folder
Use ‘Multi-Item’ for joining
multiple Master and detailfolders
For defining join types
(outer join, Foreign key withnull value, one to one
relationship) use ‘OPTIONS’.
Item>right click> New Join
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Hierarchy is a logical linking that you define between Items that enables
Discoverer Plus users to:
Drill up (to a greater level of aggregation) and
Drill down (to a greater level of detail).
There are two types of Hierarchy in Discoverer Administration Edition:
1. Item Hierarchies
2.Date Hierarchies
Hierarchies
Hierarchies Tab>
Business Area> Right
Click> New Hierarchy>
Item Hierarchy
C i D Hi h
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Creating Date Hierarchy
Hierarchies Tab> Business Area> Right Click> NewHierarchy> Date HierarchyExample:
Year> Month > Week
User looks at total
sales for each year intheir records, they
can drill down (using
the Date Hierarchy)
You can use
Discoverer
Administration
Edition’s existing Date
Hierarchy templates
to define many
common Date
Hierarchies, or you
can create your own
customized Date
Hierarchies.
Default date hierarchy is used in sample report
C ti D t Hi h
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Creating Date Hierarchy
Hierarchies Tab> Business Area> Right Click>
New Hierarchy> Date HierarchyYou can choose the
date items in your
Business Area that will
use the new date
hierarchy.
This step is optional.
Like other items in your
Business Area, you
can name your
hierarchy.
Choose names that
describe the hierarchy
so they are easy to
find and use later.
C ti D t Hi h
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Creating Date Hierarchy
Right-pointing arrows on Items
indicate Drill-points, which are data
points at which you can drill down to
further levels of detail.
When you move your cursor over
a Drill-point, the icon changes to a
magnifying-class with a cross at its
center, (the Drill-icon).
Click the Drill-icon to see the
drilling options available, and select
an option. Notice that all Years are
selected.
It Cl
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Item Class
Item classes are groups of items that share some similar properties. An
item class enables you to define item properties once, and then assign the
item class to other items that share similar properties.
Discoverer uses item classes to implement the following features:
Lists of values
Alternative sorts
Drill-to-detail links.
The item class can be created to support these features individually, or in
combination.
Note that an item class to support an alternative sort must also support a
list of values
List of Values
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List of Values
A list of values is the item’s set of unique values
The values the item class references correspond to those found in a database
column.
Lists of values are used by end users to refer to values in the database and to
apply conditions and parameter values.
Lists of values are often generated automatically when the business area is
first created (in Load Wizard: Step 4).
The Item Class Wizard provides a way to extend a list of values to other
items.
Create List of Values
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Create List of Values
By default,
Discoverer uses a
SELECT DISTINCT
query to retrieve alist of values
Item Classes Tab> New Item Class> List of Values
Alternative Sorts
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Alternative Sorts
Data elements to be sorted in an alternative order other than Ascending orDescending Order
For example, a series of sales regions would be sorted alphabetically by
default, such as
East,
North,
South, and
West.But the end user may need them sorted in this order:
North,
South,
East, and
West.
No Alternate sort is used in Sample Report
Create Alternative Sorts
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Create Alternative Sorts
Item Classes Tab> New Item Class> Alternative sort
Select the Alternative sort
check box
If you select the
Alternative sort check
box, the List of values
check box is automatically
selected.
Select the item that
generates list of values.
You may choose from any
Business Area in the EndUser Layer.
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Drill to Detail
A drill to detail is a relationship between two or more items that might
otherwise be unrelated. Drill to detail is achieved using an item class and
gives Discoverer end users direct access to detail information about the
currently selected row from other folders, without having to drill through
hierarchical levels.
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Oracle Discoverer
Module 3 - Desktop
What You See on the Desktop
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What You See on the Desktop
Workbook Window :
The workbook window is where you will do most of your work with
Discoverer Desktop. It shows the data in the workbook.
Four Types of Display (Layout)
TablePage-Detail Table
Crosstab
Page-Detail Crosstab
Layout Details
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Table Layout
The most familiar layout for data, a table, lists data in rows and columns.
Typical data for tables includes lists, such as a mailing list of customers
sorted by zip code or customer name, lists of income or profit from various
departments, lists of products sorted by part number or part name, and so on.
Layout Details
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Table Layout with Page Details
A table layout with page details is a table with multiple pages of data, where
each page shows various portions of the data in detail.
You set the criteria for displaying portions of data in order to see exactly what
you want on each page.
Usually you use this type of layout to study data details in a specific, recurring
way. For example, in the Video Store data you may always want to see
yearly profits per region. In that case, each page would show one region’s
profits each year.
Layout Details
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y
Crosstab Layout
A crosstab, short for “cross-tabulation,” relates two different sets of data
and summarizes their interrelationship in terms of a third set of data.
In Discoverer, crosstabs can show the interrelationships between manydimensions of data on the various axes.
Page Detail Crosstab Layout
A page detail crosstab layout is a crosstab with multiple pages of data,
so you can group the data on separate pages.
You set the criteria for displaying portions of data in order to see exactlywhat you want on each page.
Layout Details
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y
Crosstab Layout with Page Items
(a) Page Axis.
In this sample it contains a single data item--Department.
(b) Top Axis.
This top axis contains two data items--Year and Profit.
(c ) Side Axis.
This side axis also contains two data items--Region and City.
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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g
The basic steps to create a new
workbook or worksheet are as
follows:
Navigation
File > New
Required Steps
Select the type of display for the
new worksheet or workbook.
Select the data that belongs on theworksheet or in the workbook.
Optional Steps
Arrange the data on a table or
crosstab layout.
Sort the data (for tables only).
Select conditions to apply to the
data.
Select calculations to apply to the
data.
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Open an existing Workbook
Open an existing
workbook will prompt
you to open from
My Computer
Database
Scheduling Manager
Recently Used List
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Selecting The Data
This dialog box lists
the data in the
business area that you
can use to build the
new worksheet.
To include data on the
new worksheet, you
move it from the Available column to the
Selected column.
Select relevantcolumns from the table
for sample report
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Aggregations
Mathematical functions to aggregate the data
Text Items- Such as Customer Name, the typical
aggregations are Count, Max, and Min. That is, you cancount the number of text items, or find the highest or
lowest (where A might be the highest and Z the lowest).
Numeric Data- The typical aggregations are Sum, Count,Max, Min, Average, and Detail.
For example, you can find the Sum or Average of the
numeric data with the aggregation.
The aggregation in boldface type is the default.
The database administrator sets which aggregation is the
default.
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Arranging Layouts
To change the layout
of items in your
worksheet click and
drag them to the
desired location.
g
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Conditions
Press button ‘New’
to add conditions.
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Data Sorting- Tabular Layout
Specifies how datain the current table
should be ordered.
This step only
applies to tables. If you
are creating a newworksheet or workbook
as a crosstab, the
sorting dialog box does
not appear.
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Calculation
Calculations definedfor the items added to
the Selected list
appear in the final
dialog box.
You can select the
calculations as part of
the new worksheet or
workbook, or create
new calculations.
Building Workbook/Worksheet
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Calculation
Used to define a
new calculation oredit an existing
calculation.
Use this window
to create or edit
Items using EUL
elements,
Functions, and
Operators.
Calculate total price
in Sample Report
Grouping
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• Group by Org_id• Drag the item to be grouped and place it at the
page items
Edit Title - Text
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Right Click> Edit Title
Sending Reports with e-mail
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File > Send
You can send
worksheets, graphs,
and selections of a
table or crosstab as
part of an e-mail
message.
You can send all or
part of your workbook
in an email.
Exporting to other Application
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File > Export
You can export tablesand crosstabs in a
variety of formats to
open them in other
applications.
Scheduling Manager
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File> Manage Workbooks> SchedulingWith the Scheduling Manageryou can see the results of
a scheduled report,
schedule a new report,
reschedule a report, or
edit a report’s schedule.
a. Discoverer reports
scheduled to run.
The clock icon indicates that
the reports are scheduledto run at the time
specified by Date and
Time.
b. Completed Discoverer report
ready to open.
Schedule Workbook
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File> Manage Workbooks> Scheduling
The Schedule Wizard lets you
schedule a workbook (or part of
a workbook) to run at a later
time.
This is helpful if your query isgoing to take a long time
Scheduling a workbook to run
later allows you to keep working
now and get your data laterwithout even being at your
computer.
You can even have the same
workbook run on a regular basis
so you can update the data on aregular basis without doing any
additional work.
Sharing Workbook
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File> Manage Workbooks> Sharing
Sharing a workbook grants other
people access to it to view,
analyze, and print the data.
You can share workbooks with
other people by setting up
sharing two ways:
Assign a group of people who
can share one of yourworkbooks.
Assign one or more
workbooks that one other person
can share with you.
Parameters
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Parameters are
placeholders used
instead of specific values
in the definition of a
condition.Parameters offer choices
of condition value at the
time the data loads.
When you open theworkbook, you will be
prompted to enter a
value and the results you
receive will be specific to
that value.
Creating Parameters
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Parameters dialog box
enables you to define
Parameters, which are
placeholders used
instead of specific valuesin the definition of a
condition.
You can create
Parameters at two levels:1. Workbook level -
Here, the Parameter
applies to all worksheets
in your workbook.
2. Worksheet level -
Here, the Parameter
applies to the current
worksheet only.
Tools> Parameters
Creating Parameters
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Parameters are activated when
used in an active condition.If you check the option “Create
condition with operator” in the
New Parameter dialog box, a
new condition is created and
activated.
To deactivate a parameter,
deactivate the condition.
Deleting the condition or
deleting the parameter also
deactivates the parameter.
Tools> Parameters
SQL Statement for Worksheet
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You can analyze the SQL
statements that Discoverer executesagainst the database.
You can also open workbooks with
your own SQL programming
statements.SQL Inspector shows the SQL
statements used to create your
current worksheet.
Click Export to export thestatements to another file for use
later with another SQL program.
View> SQL Inspector
SQL Statement for Worksheet
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The Plan tab displays the OracleServer Execution Plan chosen by
the Oracle Server for a query
request.
The Execution Plan defines the
sequence of operations that the
Oracle Server performs to execute
the SQL statement.
View> SQL Inspector> Plan
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Q & A