Discovery 2_ Chapter 6 2012

8/17/2019 Discovery 2_ Chapter 6 2012

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Fundamentals of NetworkingDiscovery 2, Chapter 6

Routing


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O!ectives

• Descrie the purpose and function ofdynamic routing"

• Con#gure R$%v2 dynamic routing"

• Descrie the use of e&terior routingprotocols across the $nternet"

• 'nale ()% on a customer router"


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(asics

• Routers can e used to reak networksmaller▫ *unet

• +o go from router to router▫ Routing tale

▫

Finds route to other networks▫ *tatically set

▫ Dynamically learned


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+he Routing +ale

• Router looks at destination $% *-▫ .NDing the destination $% *-

Result is a network /

0ooks in tale for the match forwards it outthat interface

No match1 default route, if set

• Routing +ale has list of networks paths


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+he Routing +ale


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Static

Routes


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Dynamic

Routes

Distance Vector


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Distance :ector Routing• %asses updates every so often to

connected neighors•

Distance Direction▫ -etric 3hops, speed, reliaility, etc4


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Distance :ector Routing 0a• $nterface that leads to the connected network has a

distance 3metric4 of 7

• Neighors update each other add on how far away it is

Star is 0

away

Star is 1

away

Star is 2

away

Star is 2

away


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%ractice

• 6""2";▫ .ctivity for Routing +ale

• 6""2"8 0a▫ Create a topology ased on Routing +ale


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RIP:

Distance Vector


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R$%< Routing $nformation %rotocol• D:

• -etric is =ops▫

Only8 -a&> 6 is unreachale (D)• ?pdates every @7 seconds y default

▫ *ends entire routing tale (D)

▫ $f change, update sent immediately 3triggered4

▫ *low to converge whole network (D)

• .dministrative Distance is 27


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R$%

• R$%v▫ DoesnAt send sunet mask in updates

▫ Classfull sunetting

• R$%v2▫ Classless sunetting


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EIGRP:Distance Vector


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'$)R%• 'nhanced $nterior )ateway Routing %rotocol

▫ Cisco proprietary D: 3mi& 0* D:4

▫ .D of 57

▫ -any metrics 3andwidth, delay, load,reliaility4

▫ ?p to 22; hops

▫ Routing +ale, Neighor +ale, +opology +ale

▫ ?pdates on start of router only when achange happens

▫

:0*- *upport


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'$)R% +ales• Neighor +ale

▫ =as info aout neighor direct connect routers

• +opology +ale▫ (uilt from advertisements of its neighors

▫ Contains .00 routes advertised y neighor routers

▫ D?.0 calculates the shortest path to a destination

and installs it into the routing tale▫ $s ale to #nd the est alternate path Buickly when

a network change occurs

▫ $f no alternate route e&ists it asks its neighors to#nd a new path to the destination


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Dynamic

Routes

Link State


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0ink *tate Routing• nows routes further away

• 0*.

• +opological dataase▫ $nfo from 0*.s

• *%F▫

'ach change causes new calc dataaseupdate

▫ -ap of network from point of view of therouter

▫ $nfo in tree is used to uild the routing tale


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O*%F•

.D of 7• -etric is cost• ?ses *%F• *ends updates only when the topology

changes▫ Does not send periodic updates of the entire

routing tale• Fast convergence

• *upports :0*-• %rovides route authentication


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9hich to ?se


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D: vs" 0ink *tate


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*ummary of Routing %rotocols

Protocol DV or L !D "etric #eatures

R$P %1 DV 12& 'o(s15 ho(s)a*

R$P %2 DV 12& 'o(s15 )a*+

VL"

,$-RPDV'/brid 0&

andwidth

Load Dela/Reliabilit/

3isco’s+

VL"

4P# L 11& 3ost

"ulti%endor+

VL"


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Routing• -ay e multiple routes to same path

▫ ?se .D 3metrics4 to pick est path

▫ 0owest .D is est


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Configuring RIP


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Con#gure R$%• Router3con#g4/router rip• Router 3con#g


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:erifying R$%• %ing

• *how ip route

•

*how ip protocols• Deug ip rip

• PT 6.1.5.

• Lab 6.1.5.


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Show ip protocols output


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Show ip route output

Administratie Distance!metric" #ower AD to a networ$%more trustwort&y route


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%rolems with R$%


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E'terior RoutingProtoco#s


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.utonomous *ystems• . set of networks under one

administration▫ .n $*% its customers

▫ =as one routing policy in the .*

▫ 'ach has uniBue .*/ 0arge usinesses register their own .*


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.ctivity


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Routing (etween .*• $)% runs within your network etween

your routers▫ R$%, '$)R%, O*%F

• ')% runs etween diEerent .*▫ -ost common is ()%

▫

Runs on order gateway routers +he router at the end of an .*

▫ Finds the est path etween .*


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.*< 0ink

http://bgp.potaroo.net/cidr/autnums.htmlhttp://bgp.potaroo.net/cidr/autnums.html


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Routing .cross $nternet


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=elp from the $*%• eep the $nternet connection availale

• $*% provides ackup routes routers

• $*% advertises routes to other .*▫

$f route fails, sends an update with a ackuproute


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$*% =andling of +rac< 0ink• 0ocal trac

▫ *tays within the .*

• +ransit trac▫ Outside of .* to go inGthrough .*

▫ 0ike detouring trac from Rt"88 onto +anyard Rd" Could cause overHow of trac

CanAt handle that much

.* may or may not allow this trac

http://logbud.com/visual_tracehttp://logbud.com/visual_trace


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Review< @ Iuestions


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Fundamentals of NetworkingDiscovery 2, Chapter 6

Routing

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Discovery 2_ Chapter 6 2012

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