Discussion Starter 9/25/12

How does an STD affect a baby?

Chlamydia

• Most widespread – 4 million cases per year• Symptoms

– Often asymptomatic– Burning urination – Abdominal pain, nausea, fever in females– Can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease & sterility

• Caused by bacteria– Treat with antibiotics

• Danger for babies and moms– Respiratory infections, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, blindness– Ectopic pregnancy, premature delivery, stillbirth

CHLAMYDIAChlamydia discharge in an adult and infant’s eye (left and below)

Chlamydia discharge from the cervix (left)

Gonorrhea

• Symptoms– Asymptomatic– Genital burning, itching, discharge– Can lead to PID and sterility

• Cause– Bacterial – treat with antibiotics

• Dangers to mom and baby– Miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, premature delivery– Skin infection, respiratory infection, infections of the

genitals, eyes, arthritis, meningitis, blood infection, blindness, death

GONORRHEA BACTERIA

GONORRHEA

Gonorrhea infection in newborn’s eye.

Gonorrhea can cause blindness in newborns, so an ointment is now put into the eyes of all newborns born in U.S. hospitals as a precaution.

Lesions on tongue from Gonorrhea

GONORRHEA

Gonorrhea chancre on skin (above)

and ankle (left)

CHLAMYDIA & GONORRHEA

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea have similar symptoms

PELVIC INFLAMITORY DISEASE (PID)

Syphilis

• Symptoms– 1 stage – chancre (open sore)– 2nd stage – fevers, rash, hair loss– 3rd stage – attack of the central nervous system leading

to death• Cause– Bacteria – treat with antibiotics if caught in time

• Dangers to Baby– Stillbirth, neonatal death, congenital syphilis, skin sores,

fever, swollen liver, jaundice, anemia, deformities, death

SPIROCHETE(The organism that causes Syphilis)

PRIMARY SYPHILIS(first stage chancre appears)

Syphilis chancre on lip Syphilis chancre on tongue and roof of mouth

Syphilis chancres will appear at the point of inoculation or exposure.

PRIMARY SYPHILIS(first stage chancre appears)

Syphilis chancre on penis (left) and vaginal area (right)

Chancres sometimes look as though several layers of skin are missing

SECONDARY SYPHILIS(second stage a rash appears)

SECONDARY SYPHILIS(second stage a rash appears)

Secondary Syphilis lesions on palms

Secondary Syphilis lesions on the feet

SECONDARY SYPHILIS(second stage a rash appears)

Secondary Syphilis lesions will appear on the the hands, feet and over the entire body.

Remember that the Tertiary or Third stage is when the disease is dormant and there

will be no symptoms. It can last up to 20 years in this dormant stage.

LATE STAGE SYPHILIS(fourth stage attacks body organs)

In the late stages of syphilis it can actually eat away at the skin and body’s organs including the brain.

Genital Herpes

• Symptoms– Open sores on the sex organs resembling cold sores that

will heal in about three weeks.

• Cause– Virus – no cure– Treatments include medicines that shorten length of

outbreak & frequency of outbreaks

• Dangers– To babies upon delivery – brain damage or death

GENITAL HERPES(on the lips)

Genital Herpes lesions on Lips

GENITAL HERPES(In newborns)

Herpes in a newborn that went through the birth canal of an infected mother. Herpes lesions will reappear throughout the baby’s lifetime. There is NO CURE!

Herpes in the eye of a child. The lesions will appear over and over throughout the child's lifetime. Treatable, but there is NO CURE!

GENITAL HERPES(in the mouth)

Genital Herpes lesions inside the mouth

GENITAL HERPES(on the hand)

GENITAL HERPES(on arm)

GENITAL HERPES

Herpes lesions

Genital Warts (Human Papilloma Virus)

• Symptoms– Growths on sex organs causing discomfort and itching– Can lead to cancer (HPV and cervical cancer)

• Cause– Virus– Treatment – doctor can remove but will grow back– Gardasil and Cervarix vaccines

• Dangers to Baby– Respiratory papillomatosis

HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)

(GENITAL WARTS) ON CERVIX

LOOKING THROUGH

SPECULUM AT CERVIX

White patches are the warts

HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)

Venereal Warts that result from the HPV virus

Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV

• Symptoms– Asymptomatic– Attacks the immune system

• Cause– Virus transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast

milk – NO CURE– Treatment – drugs can slow the virus’ ability to attack white blood cells

• Danger– Over time enough white blood cells are destroyed that the condition

become AIDS and leads to death– Babies born to mothers with HIV are likely to develop AIDS before

their 2nd birthday and die.

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

• Symptoms– Body’s inability to fight infection leads to variety of

cancers, diseases, pneumonia, etc.• Cause– HIV– Treatment – none – slow death

AIDS/HIV in Oklahoma

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

AIDSCumulative

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS

AQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)(each yellow dot represents 30 cases)

AQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

Kaposi’s sarcoma: A cancer that usually involves the skin, mucous membranes, and lymph nodes. Ordinarily appearing first on the

legs or arms, this disease affects people with AIDS more than it does other people.

Kaposi’s sarcoma on the leg of an AIDS patient.

AQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

Kaposi’s sarcoma on the body of an AIDS patient.

AQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

Oral Leukoplakia in an AIDS patient

AQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

Oral yeast infections called THRUSH are common in AIDS patients.

Recurring vaginal yeast infections are common in AIDS patients.

Hepatitis B

• Symptoms– Flu-like symptoms as the liver is attacked

• Cause– Virus – no cure, most recover but may have

developed liver disease or cancer– Vaccine available

• Danger to Baby– Congenital hepatitis– Low birth weight, malformations, stillbirth, abortion

HEPATITIS(normal liver)

HEPATITIS(effects on the liver)

HEPATITIS

The whites of the eyes and the skin appear yellow in a person with hepatitis because the liver can’t do it’s normal job of filtering the blood.