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Explain the difference betweeninfectious disease and noninfectious

disease

Identify 5 ways you might come intocontact with a pathogen

Discuss 4 methods that have helpedreduce the spread of disease

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Non-infectious Disease: cannot spreadfrom one person to another

Ex: cancer; heart disease

Infectious Disease: can be passed fromone living thing to another

Ex: Chicken Pox, Common Cold

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Pathogen: a microorganism, organism,virus, protein that causes disease

There are many ways pathogens canbe passed: Air

Contaminated Objects Person to Person

Animals

Food and Water

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Sneezes

Coughs

1000s of tiny droplets can be passed

through the air

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Drinking glass

Keyboard

Doorknob, combs, towels

Bacteria or viruses can be left behindafter their use

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Kissing

Shaking hands

Touching

Pathogens made be spread throughdirect contact

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Ringworm (fungus)

Ticks (Lyme Disease, Rocky MountainSpotted Fever)

Mosquitoes (Malaria)

Some pathogens are carried by animals

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Untreated drinking water (Cholera)

Bacteria or parasites growing in food(Salmonella; E. coli)

Take special care to refrigerate foods,cook properly, wash all surfaces

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There are a variety of technologies toprevent the spread of pathogens

Ex: boiling water, UV radiation, ,chemical use help to stop the spread ofdisease

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Louis Pasteur (mid 1800s) microorganisms caused wine to spoil

(bacteria)

Pasteur devised a method using heatto kill bacteria: pasteurization

Milk is pasteurized to kill unwantedbacteria

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Edward Jenner (1700s) studied Smallpox Found that people that had been infected

with cowpox seemed to be protectedagainst small pox

People had developed a resistance to the

disease

The ability to resist or recover from aninfectious disease: Immunity

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Jenners work led to the first modernvaccine

Vaccine: a substance that helps yourbody develop immunity to a disease

Vaccines contain pathogens that are killed

or specially treated

Allows your body to develop an immuneresponse

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Used to treat bacterial infections

Antibiotics can only kill or slow thegrowth of living things

Ex: we take antibiotics to treat Strepthroat