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Hepatitis A by date of onsetOgemaw county, Michigan, April - May 1968
2 8 14 20 26 2 8 14 20 26 1 7
Days
0
5
10
15
Number of cases
one case 30 days
15 days
50 days
Exposure
Cases of Legionnaires disease and control measures implemented at plant N, Lens, France, 2004
N cases
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
5-7
8-1
0
11
-13
14
-16
17
-19
20
-22
23
-25
26
-28
29
-1
2-4
5-7
8-1
0
11
-13
14
-16
17
-19
20
-22
23
-25
26
-28
29
-31
1-3
4-6
7-9
10
-12
13
-15
16
-18
19
-21
22
-24
November December January
CT stopped Plant closedCT restarted
Cleaning and disinfection Lagoon ventilators stopped
01
23
45
67
Normal plant operations Re-operation of CT
Chemical water treament
Cleaning operations
Lagoon ventilators shut down
22/10 01/11 15/11 01/12 15/12 01/01 15/01 01/02
nb
of
ca
se
s
01
23
45
67
2003 2004
Gastroenteritis by day of onset
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Days
0
10
20
30
40
50Cases Common
source ?
Person to person ?
Number of cases
One case
Cases of gastroenteritis among residents of a nursing home, by date of onset, Pennsylvania, October 1986
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 271716151314Days
0
5
10
Protein Total Cases AR% RRsuppl.
YES 29 22 76 3,3
NO 74 17 23
Total 103 39 38
Cases of gastroenteritis among residents of a nursing homeaccording to protein supplement consumption, Pa, 1986
Number of cases
One case
Early cases of gastroenteritis among residents of a nursing home, by date of onset, Pennsylvania, October 1986
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 2717161513 140
5
10
Days
Protein Total Early AR% RR CI 95%suppl. cases
YES 29 14 48 6.9 3,2-15,8
NO 74 5 7
Total 103 19 19
Early cases of gastroenteritisaccording to protein suppl. consumption
Early cases = onset < 21 October
Number of cases
One case
Late cases of gastroenteritis among residents of a nursing home, by date of onset, Pennsylvania, October 1986
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 271716151314Days
Protein Total Late cases AR RR CI 95%suppl. %
YES 10 3 30 2,5 0,7 - 8,9NO 65 8 12
Total 75 11 15
Late cases of gastroenteritis according to protein suppl. consumption, Pa, 1986
Late cases = onset > 20 October
Protein Total Early cases AR RR CI 95%suppl. lab. + %
YES 29 10 35 11,7 4,2- 38,7
NO 74 2 3
Total 103 12 12
Early cases of gastroenteritis lab. confirmed according to protein suppl. consumption, Pa, 1986
Cases of gastroenteritis by date of onset, Latuque, Quebec, 1989
7-11 8-11 9-11 10-11 11-11 12-11 13-11 14-11 15-11 16-11 17-11 18-11 19-11 20-11
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Date of onset
Cases of gastroenteritis by date of onset, Latuque, Quebec, 1989
7-11 8-11 9-11 10-11 11-11 12-11 13-11 14-11 15-11 16-11 17-11 18-11 19-11 20-110
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Date of onset
Cases of NLV gastroenteritis in a village, Sweden, 2002
20 No. of cases19181716151413121110987654321
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Date of onset
Late cases
Early cases
February March
Cases
10
9 One case8
7
6
5
4
3
2
10
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 1 2
January
week numberNovember DecemberAugust September October
Risk factorsRestaurantHotelShop
Cases
10
9 Restaurant8 Shop7 Hotel6 Others5 x4
3 y2
10 z
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 1 2
January
week numberNovember DecemberAugust September October
Cases of hepatitis A in Ibizaby group of patients, 2001
Vaccinated
Not vaccinated
% with disease
% with disease
Epidemic duration
VE based on attack rates (cumulative incidence)
VE =VE =ARNV - ARVARNV - ARV
ARNVARNV
Assumptions
Vaccine status as noted at begining of epidemic Vaccine status does not change during epidemic Epidemic duration is short Disease status as noted at the end of the epidemic
If interested in VE by age group: ==> one individual stays in same age group
during entire epidemic
Incidence density rate among non vaccinated Incidence density rate among vaccinated
VE =VE =IDRNV - IDRVIDRNV - IDRV
IDRNVIDRNV
Rates expressed in person-time
VNVNV
6 0
V
V
V
V
NV
2.5 3.5
6 0
3 0
0 3
2.5 1
D
M
NV
MNV
Measles epidemic, duration = 6 months
V0 6
NV
<6 6-8 >= 9 m65 14 23 32 3 11 3 2 3 3 2 4 1 5
012345678
Age (month) at beginning of epidemic
Time spent in each Age group
Epidemic duration = 6 months
Information needed
Date of start and end of epidemic Date of birth Date of death Date of onset of measles Incubation period (median) Delay for protection from vaccine