Display Technologies

Display TechnologiesRepresented By:Subhajit Das

DisplayA display device is an output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form.When the input information is supplied as an electrical signal, the display is called anelectronic display.Types of DisplaySegment DisplayFull-area 2-dimensionalThree-dimensionalMechanical

Seven-segment display (most common, digits only)Fourteen-segment displaySixteen-segment displayLCDs.Segment Display

7 Segment

7 Segment 4 Digit7 Segment

7 Segment Structure

7 Segment

14 Segment14 Segment 4 Digit14 Segment

16 Segment16 Segment 4 Digit16 Segment

LCD Segment DisplayLCD Segment Panel

Full-area 2-dimensional

LCD 2D Panel

2D Pixel ArrayLCD 2D Panel

3-dimensionalSwept-volume displayHolographic displayVarifocal mirror displayEmissive volume displayLaser displayLight field displays

Swept-volume working

Swept-volume display

Holographic display

Holographic 3D

Holographic display

Underlying TechnologiesLiquid Crystal Display (LCD)Thin Film Transistor (TFT)In-Plane Switching (ISP)LED-lit LCDLight Emitting Diode (LED) PlasmaE-Ink

LCD displayLCD utilize two polarizing material sheet with a liquid crystal solution between them.

A current through the liquid causes the crystals to align, so that light cannot pass through them.

Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to pass through or blocking the light.

LCD Uses Cold cathode fluorescent (CCFL) lamps for backlight.

LCD DisplayLCD display structure

LCD Colour display (pixel)

LED Backlit LCD Display

Edge-lit LEDs - in which the LEDs are formed around the rim of the screen, using a special diffusion panel to spread the light evenly behind the screen (the most common use).

LED backlighting (Full array) - behind the screen, whose brightness is not controlled individually.

Dynamic local dimming backlight - LEDs controlled individually (or in clusters) to control the level of light/color intensity in a given part of the screen.An LED-backlit LCD is a flat panel display which uses LED backlighting instead of the cold cathode fluorescent (CCFL) backlighting used by most other LCDs.

LED Matrix Display

An LED display is a flat panel display, which uses an array of light-emitting diodes as pixels for a video display.

OLED

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is a light-emitting diode (LED) in which the emissive electroluminescent layer is a film of organic compound that emits light in response to an electric current.

This layer of organic semiconductor is situated between two electrodes; typically, at least one of these electrodes is transparent.

OLEDs are used television screens, computer monitors, portable systems such as mobile phones, handheld game consoles and PDAs.

OLED Structure

Schematic of a bilayer OLED: 1. Cathode (), 2. Emissive Layer, 3. Emission of radiation, 4. Conductive Layer, 5. Anode (+)

Flexible OLED

AMOLED

An AMOLED display consists of an active matrix of OLED pixels generating light (luminescence) upon electrical activation that have been deposited or integrated onto a thin-film transistor (TFT) array, which functions as a series of switches to control the current flowing to each individual pixel.

AMOLED Panel

Flexible AMOLED

Plasma Display

Plasma" displays because they use small cells containing electrically charged ionized gases, which are plasmas.

E-Ink display

Kindle Screen (Zoomed)E-Ink Screen

E-Ink display Working

ConclusionDisplays are becoming slimmer and more portableHolography and flexible displays are expected to set future.Virtual reality will be a feasible option.

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