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Dissemination and Critical Evaluation of Published Research
Peg Bottjen, MPA, MT(ASCP)SC
Objectives
Upon the completion of this lecture and
exercise the student will be able to: Recognize methods of research
dissemination Describe the conventional format of
published research Evaluate a published article according to
criteria given
Purpose of Published Research
Answer questions using scientific method
Descriptive Correlational Causal – explain causation
Dissemination of Research
Oral report Poster presentation Journal article
Format of Research Presentations
Title Abstract Introduction Methods Results Discussion References
Title
Concise, descriptive sentence stating the
exact topic of the report. Identifies the subjects of study Variables, characteristics Followed by investigator’s name and
affiliation
ex. The incidence of alcoholism in health professionals as a function of work-related stress.
Abstract
Short, concise paragraph describing entire report (<250 words)
One or two precise sentences from each section Introduction Method Results Discussion
Introduction
Background – reasons to conduct study, theoretical framework, literature review
Statement of purpose – goal of study, problem statement
Hypotheses – educated guess as to relationship between variables
Research question – specific question studied
Past - - Present
Method
Subjects – who they are, how obtained
Materials – equipment, apparatus, instruments used, quality of instruments
Procedures – how study conducted, what subjects did or what was done to them
Method
Reliability Validity Statistical Methods
Reliability - Precision
The test or assessment measures the same thing every time and results in the same answer every time.
Test-retest – correlates 1st to 2nd Inter-observer – between different observers Internal consistency – between items
measured
Validity - Accuracy
The test or assessment measures what it claims to measure. Sensitivity - % true positive Specificity - % true negative
Test Result Disease Present Disease Absent
+ True + False +
- False - True -
Validity
Predictive value Ability of a measurement to predict the
value of it or another test in the future (prognosis)
What is predictive value of an ACT score to your grade point average in college?
Results
Technical data In text In tables In figures
Discussion
Non-technical interpretation of results Connect results to purpose, hypotheses, and
theory Explain results Identify limitations Suggestions for further
research
References
List of literature discussed Sufficient detail so reader can identify
and retrieve the source Journal articles, internet sources, books,
newspapers, personal correspondence, and videos
Critical Evaluation of Research
Goal: to be able to identify strengths and weaknesses of each component of a research report
Why?
Look at sample given to you.
Describe the format.
Does it follow the conventional
format we have described?
Title
Does the title help you understand the article?
Abstract
Is the abstract understandable?
Introduction
Question: What question is the study designed to answer?
Literature Review: What is already known about this area of knowledge?
Methods
What was done to answer the question?
Results
What did the researcher find?
Discussion
What does the researcher say about the results?
Weaknesses Identified
Strengths Identified
Overall Evaluation
What is your judgment of this study?
Summary
Format of research articles Critical evaluation of research article Value of this skill to Health Professionals