Distillation -...

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DistillationProcess SimulationAgung Ari WibowoDept. Of Chemical EngineeringPoliteknik Negeri Malang

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WHAT IS DISTILLATION?

Separation process based on Vapor-LiquidEquilibrium (VLE) of separated component. Inmulticomponent distillation, each componenthas Binary Interaction Parameter (BIP) dependon the thermodynamics model used in thecalculation

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VLE OF EACH TRAY/ STAGE

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• Each Tray have specificP and T.

• Mol Fraction of Vaporand Liquid are different.

• Upper tray are rich ofVolatile compound.


Flash and Multiple Stage

Flash Tank Distillation Column

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SHORT CUT DISTILLATION

First pass estimate on the performance

requirements of a given system for a

specified reflux ratio.

To assist the user when setting up the

complete distillation utility in HYSYS (e.g.

number of trays, feed location, etc.)

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Shortcut

Rigorous

30%



Data Result

The vapor/liquid quality of the top productFully specified distillate product stream (temperature,

pressure, flow rate, composition)

The light key component and composition in the bottoms

product

Fully specified bottom product stream (temperature,

pressure, flow rate, composition)

The heavy key component and composition in the distillate

(top) product

Condenser operating temperature and heat duty

Reboiler operating temperature and heat duty

The condenser pressure

The reboiler pressure

The external reflux ratio

Minimum number of trays (calculated by Fenske Methode)

Actual number of trays (minimum/theoritical tray devided by

tray efficiency)

Optimum feed tray location

Reflux minimum (Calculated by Underwood Methode)

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Heavy key : a heavier component means acomponent with a higher boiling point.Defined as heaviest component in theoverhead product in a significantamount.

Light Key : a lighter component means acomponent with a lower boiling point.Defined as lightest component in thebottom product in a significant amount

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EXAMPLE

The column operate isobarically and

R=1.18 Rm. What is the composition

of the product (top and bottom), and

what is the temperature of reboiler

(Use Peng-Robinson as Fluid

Package)?

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Feed Mole Fraction

Benzene 0.35

Toluene 0.25

p-xylene 0.40

20°C and 1 atm 500 kg/hr

Benzene 99.9% ;Toluene

Benzene 0.1%.

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Ethyl benzene is produced by the reaction of ethylene and benzene. The reactor which being used has the maximum

conversion of 80% and operated adiabatically. The feed of the reactor consist of pure ethylene, benzene and recycle

stream from Flash Separator. The product from the reactor is cooled to 64 C, and then flash separated. The bottom

product of the Flash Separator will be separated using distillation column to get high purity E-benzene. If the column

bottom product only consist of Benzene and E-benzene in which the mole fraction of benzene is 0.1% and in the Top

product the mole fraction of E-Benzene is 0.01%, determine in which stage feed should enter the column? Column

operated isobarically.C2H4 + C6H6 → C8H10

Component Feed Benzene Feed Ethylene

Temperature (C) 25 25

Pressure (atm) 1 1

Molar Flow (kmol/hr) 500 450

Fluid Package (Peng-Robinson)

R = 1.26 Rm Distillate Phase : Vapor


Proses Flow Diagram

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1000 kmol/h25 C101.3 kPa

220 CdP = 10 kPa P = 2000 kPa

298 C

20 C

100 kPa

71.3 C dP = 0 kPa

LK : EtAc (0.001%)HK : EtOH (18%)Cond Press: 100kPaReboil Press: 100 kPaR = 2 Rm

LK : Acetaldeyhide (0.001%)HK : EtOH (0.001%)Cond Press: 120kPaReboil Press: 140 kPaR = 2 Rm

Pembuatan Ethyl Acetate

Rx 1: 2EtOH → 1 Ethyl Acetate + 2 H2Rx 2: EtOH → Acetaldehyde + H2


Pembuatan Benzene dan Styrene

Rate Unit : kmol/m3 s


LK : Benzene (0.1%)HK : Styrene (0.1%)Cond Press: 200 kPaReboil Press: 210 kPaR = 2 Rm

E-Benzene10000 kg/h25 C100 kPa

200 kPa136 C

250 C

300C

260 C50 C

Pembuatan Benzene dan Styrene

V = 7 m3D = 1 mNumber of Tube = 9dP = Ergun Eq


MTBE is made commercially by catalytic reaction between methanol and i-butylene at 110 C. A widely used

catalyst is an acidic ion exchange resin. A mixture of fresh and recycled methanol is mixed with a C4 stream

and a mixture of fresh and recycled sulfuric acid, and reacted at elevated temperature and pressure in two

sets of multistage, the heated reactors in vapor phase. Most of H2SO4 is then separated in the settler and

recycled to reaction.

- Fluid Package : PSRV

- Use equilibrium reaction and reactor, reaction in vapor phase

- Stream 1 : i-butene (C4H8), 450 kmol/hr; 30 oC; 500 kPa

- Stream 2 : Methanol ; 400 kmol/hr; 30 oC; 101.3 kPa

- H2SO4 : 10 kmol/hr; 30 oC; 500 kPa

- Stream 3 : 500 kPa

- Stream 5 : 100 oC

- Stream 9 : 110 oC

- Stream 10 : 100 oC

- Stream 13 : 95 oC



- T-100 : Distilate in vapor phase; LK (i-butene) = 0.000001 ; HK

(Methanol) = 0.000001 ; P Condenser = 180 kPa; P Reboiler = 210

kPa; R = 1.5 Rm

- Pressure drop in all HE are neglected

- Purge = 0.7* H2SO4 Recycle

MTBE Process with H2SO4 Catalyst


MTBE Process with H2SO4 Catalyst


PEMBUATAN METANOL DARI SYNGAS


90 kmol/h25 C120 kPa

90 kmol/h25 C120 kPa

120 C119.9 kPa

25 C119.8 kPa

LK : Toluene (1%)HK : E –Benzene (1%)Cond Press: 110 kPaReboil Press: 120 kPaR = 1.1 Rm

LK : E –Benzene (1%)HK : Styrene (1%)Cond Press: 110 kPaReboil Press: 130 kPaR = 2 Rm

LK : MeOH (0.001%)HK : H2O (1%)Cond Press: 120 kPaReboil Press: 180 kPaR = 1.13 Rm

112.5 C109.9 kPa120 kPa

135 kPa

Rx 1: Toluene + MeOH → Styrene + H2O + H2% Conv MeOH = 60%Rx 2: Toluene + MeOH → E-Benzene + H2O% Conv MeOH = 20%

Pembuatan Ethyl Benzene dan Styrene

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THANKYOUwww.chemeng.polinema.ac.id

Agung Ari Wibowo

081235594828

agung.ari [email protected]

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