EUROPE

THE RISE OF EUROPE…

• distinct geography

• strong EUROPEAN culture

• common history, economics, & politics

• mostly Caucasians who speak Indo-European languages • ex. French, Italian, Portuguese,

Spanish…

CONTINENT

REGION

Members of the Indo-European Language FamilyMembers of the Indo-European Language Family

Europe

• High living standards

• literacy• health care• income levels

Europe

• Industrial Strength

• energy• resources• technological development

Europe

• Cultural Accomplishments

• architecture• fine art• music• cuisine• theatre

REGIONS

REGIONS

North European Plain

• stretches across northern Europe

• fertile land = farming communities

• frequent storms roll out from Atlantic • encouraged people to be adaptable

Peninsula:a point of land nearly surrounded by

water

Northern PeninsulasNorthern Peninsulas

Jutland Peninsula

Scandinavian Peninsula

Southern PeninsulasSouthern Peninsulas

Iberian Peninsula

Italian Peninsula

Balkan Peninsula

AnatoleanPeninsula

CrimeanPeninsula

• many communities developed along rivers, on the coast, and on the peninsulas

• these settlements had easy access to water, power, and transportation

• people soon developed ability to travel over water and fish for food• trade began with these abilities

European Settling

European Settling

• trade within Europe, then with other world regions

• Greeks, Romans, Vikings, British, Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch sent explorers to find new lands to conquer, to settle, and collect or trade for the natural resources Europe desired

• the new colonies ruled by governments in Europe

• Colour and label the map of Europe…– Use the following map or use the map in your

textbook on page 209– Be sure to include country names and bodies

of water

Bodies

of

Water

Bodies

of

Water

Mediterranean Sea

North Sea

AtlanticOcean Baltic

Sea

BlackSea

AegeanSea

Adriatic Sea

TyrrhenianSea

Bay ofBiscay

Strait ofGibraltar

DardanellesStrait

ArcticOcean

English Channel

CaspianSea

The Mediterranean Sea: Mare NostrumThe Mediterranean Sea: Mare Nostrum

e 2,400 miles long & 1,000 miles widee “Crossroads of 3 Continents”

Caesarea on the Israeli coast

Strait of Gibraltar & the “Pillars of Hercules”

Rivers

Rivers Danube R.

Seine R.Rhine R.

Loire R.

Po R.

Tiber R.

Tagus R.

Thames R.

Elbe R.

Oder R.

Vistula R.

Dnieper R

.

Vo

lga R

.Don R.

Ebro R.

The Danube RiverThe Danube River

1770 miles

The Danube RiverThe Danube River

e Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine.

Where Buda & Pest MeetWhere Buda & Pest MeetBiking

Along the Danube

Biking Along the Danube

The Volga RiverThe Volga River

e The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.

The Volga RiverThe Volga River

e The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.

Capitals on the Rivers (1)Capitals on the Rivers (1)

Paris, right bank of the SeineParis, right bank of the SeineLondon on the ThamesLondon on the Thames

Prague on the VltavaPrague on the Vltava Budapest on the DanubeBudapest on the Danube

Capitals on the Rivers (2)Capitals on the Rivers (2)

Berlin on the SpreeBerlin on the SpreeMoscow on the Moscow RiverMoscow on the Moscow River

Rome on the TiberRome on the Tiber Vienna on the DanubeVienna on the Danube

Why are most of the capitals of European countries on rivers?

Settling on the Water• people needed safe food supply

• meat too scarce, too expensive, too hard to preserve

• fish abundant, easily caught, could be salted, smoked, dried, or marinated easily

Settling on the Water

• at first, limited to inshore fishing

• fishing fleets developed for ocean fishing

• governments created navies to protect fishing fleets and control fishing grounds

• fishing industry, military strength, and trade grew together in Europe’s coastal cities

Industrial Development• Europe’s craving for resources and wealth were

satisfied through the ships that sailed the oceans bringing spices, beaver pelts, and gold from faraway lands

• developed military technology, map making, and weapons systems to control their faraway colonies

• this technological know-how helped Europeans start up industrial development

• Read “Internal Tensions” on pages 211 & 212 of your textbook

• Complete questions 7, 8, 9a, c, d

Moutains

&

Peaks

Moutains

&

Peaks

Alps Mts.Pyrennes Mts.Apennines Mts.

Dinaric Alps

Carpathian Mts. Caucasus Mts.

Ural M

ts.

Mt. Etna ^

Mt. Vesuvius ^Mt. Olympus ^

ElevationElevation

AlpsCarpathians

Caucasus

Urals

Pyrennes

Apennines

The AlpsThe Alps

e Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France.

Mt. Blanc in the AlpsMt. Blanc in the Alps

e Highest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feet

The Caucasus MountainsThe Caucasus Mountains

e The origin of the word Caucasian.

Transylvania in the Carpathian MountainsTransylvania in the Carpathian Mountains

e Home of Vlad Tepeš, the Drakul (“Count Dracula”)

Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”

e Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.

1500

mile

s

The Ural MountainsThe Ural Mountains

What effect do you think the mountains had on the settling of Europe? How do

they affect tourism in Europe?

World Population by ContinentsWorld Population by Continents

Asia 3,737,000,000

Africa 823,000,000

Europe 729,000,000

North America 486,000,000

South America 351,000,000

Oceania (incl. Australia)   31,000,000

Antarctica no permanent population

Population Density[People Per Square Mile]Population Density[People Per Square Mile]

Belgium 336.82 Mexico 52.15

Japan 336.72United States 29.77

India 336.62 World 14.42

United Kingdom 244.69 Norway 14.42

Italy 192.96 Canada 3.36

France 108.09 Russia 8.61

PopulationDistribution

PopulationDistribution

PopulationGrowth

PopulationGrowth

MajorReligiousGroupsinEurope

MajorReligiousGroupsinEurope