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DLNA
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INTRODUCTION
DLNA is an acronym forDigital Living Network Alliance.
It is a series of guidelines used by manufacturers of consumer
electronics to allow entertainment devices within a home sharemedia content with each other seamlessly across a home
network.
The organization provides guidelines defining a framework of
network protocols that support this interoperability concept.
There is also a certification program to identify products that
comply with DLNA guidelines.
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HISTORY
DLNA was formed in 2003 by 21 companies including Microsoft,Intel, HP, IBM, Sony, Philips, Toshiba, Pioneer, Motorola andNokia.
It currently has more than 200 members, including virtually all ofthe global brands in PC,CE and mobile electronics.
The latest version of the DLNA Interoperability Guidelines,version 1.5, was published in March 2006 and then expanded in
October 2006 .
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DLNA
DLNA is a standard based on UPnP model, whose primitive
goal was to attach all devices directly to computer.
With a view to interconnect devices seamlessly, DLNA was
brought to light. DLNA represents the content negotiation andsharing portion.
At a customary level, a DLNA device works like any other
device by discovering other DLNA-enabled hosts. But its
competence doesnt stop there. The DLNA device goes on tolearn otherdevices capabilities.
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WHY DLNA?
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Three main pools of electronic goods that prevail in today'sworld are :
1. MOBLIE INTERNET WORLD
2. PC INTERNET WORLD
3. CE BROADCAST WORLD
Consumers wish to inter-operate in these 3 zones Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) is a cross-industry
organization of leading operators of these 3 islands - consumerelectronics, computing industry and mobile devices.
They provide a seamless environment for sharing and growingnew digital media and content services.
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DLNA ARCHITECTURE
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1. MEDIA FORMAT
Media Formats describe how digital content is encoded andformatted for image, audio, and AV.
Media Class Mandatory
Formats
Optional
FormatsImage JPEG PNG, GIF, TIFF
Audio LPCM AC3, AAC, MP3,
WMA9,
ATRAC3plus
Video MPEG2 MPEG1, MPEG4,
VC1, MPV1
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2. MEDIA TRANSPORT
Media Transport defines how content moves across
the network.
Mandatory
Transport
Optional TransportHTTP1.1 RTP
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3. NETWORK STACKS
The basis for UPnP Networking (and thus DLNA) is the TCP/IP
v4 protocol.
Discovery is done via an HTTP Multicast over UDP.
Definition, control, and eventing services are delivered viaHTTP over TCP
Every device must implement a DHCP client, and search for a
DHCP server when first connected to the network. If a DHCP
server is discovered, the device must use the IP address
assigned by the server. If no DHCP server is discovered, thedevice must use Auto-IP to generate a link-local IP address.
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4. NETWORK CONNECTION
Three network connection technologies are incorporated inthe DLNA 1.5 Interoperability Guidelines:
10Base-T and 100Base-T Ethernet(802.3i / 802.3u) forwired connections.
WiFi (802.11a /802.11b/802.11g) for wirelessconnections.
Bluetooth for wireless connections for mobile handhelddevices such as cell phones and PDAs.
Additional network connections such as 1000Base-TEthernet (802.3ab) and faster WiFi (802.11n) will beadded to the Guidelines in the future.
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5. DISCOVERY
Discovery includes device and service discovery.
This takes into account -
1. Discovering the presence and capabilities of other devices
in the connected network.2. Control and interconnect with the discovered devices.
The Service protocol used in DLNA is SSDP - Simple Service
Discovery protocol.
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HOW DOES DLNA WORK?
DLNA works in two ways:
1. Pull Type UI2. Push Type UI
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PULL-TYPE UI
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PUSH-TYPE UI
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QUALITY OF SERVICE (QOS)
Quality of service is the ability to provide different priority to
different applications, users, or data flows, or to guarantee a
certain level of performance to a data flow.
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AUTHENTICATION & AUTHORIZATION
Authentication is the mechanism whereby systems may securely
identify their users. Authentication systems provide an answer
to the questions:
Who is the user?
Is the user really who he/she represents himself to be?
Authorization, by contrast, is the mechanism by which a system
determines what level of access a particular authenticated usershould have to secured resources controlled by the system.
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CONCLUSION
With growing demand for consumer goods, there is an equal rise in crave forinterconnecting devices, be at home or office. DLNA is THE way to achieveis.
The best aspect of DLNA is that it allows products from differentmanufacturers to talk to each other.
With DLNA all leading CE companies are tied in a technological knot; thereis interdependence, yet independence with their own products.
In the near future, digital homes will contain intelligent platforms which will
manage and distribute rich digital content to rendering devices such astelevisions and wireless monitors from devices such as digital cameras,camcorders and multimedia mobile phones.
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QUESTIONS?
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THANK YOU