(DME 411) - Anucdeanucde.info/DEC11QPS/35-BTME4.pdf · 2 (DME 414) UNIT I 2. (a) Explain different...

(DME 411)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2011.

(Examination at the end of Fourth Year First Semester)

Mechanical Engineering

Paper I — INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily.

(15)

Answer ONE question from each Unit.

(4 15 = 60)

1. (a) Motion economy. (2)

(b) Standard time. (2)

(c) Staffing. (1)

(d) Public limited company. (2)

(e) Personnel manager. (2)

(f) BEP. (2)

(DME 411) 2

(g) Ratio analyzer. (2)

(h) Co-ordination. (2)

UNIT I

2. (a) Suggest measures to improve productivity.

Or

(b) Explain the management techniques to reduce work content and ineffective time.

UNIT II

3. (a) What are the objectives and techniques of work measurement?

Or

(b) Bring out the principles of blank layout.

UNIT III

4. (a) Discuss the principles of scientific management.

Or

(b) Enumerate the features of role-traders concern.

(DME 411) 3

UNIT IV

5. (a) Distinguish between selling and marketing.

Or

(b) Elucidate different methods of providing depreciation.

——————————

(DME 412)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year First Semester)


Paper II — ADVANCED MACHINE DESIGN


Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily. (15)

Answer ONE question from each Unit. (15 × 4 = 60)

1. (a) List out different types of springs. (3)

(b) Classification of clutches. (2)

(c) Components of a I.C Engine. (2)

(d) Define Optimum design. (2)

(e) Various human aspects of design. (2)

(f) Define Reliability. (2)

(g) Different types of fly wheels. (2)

UNIT I

2. (a) Discuss the materials and practical applications for the various types of springs.

(b) A flat spiral steel spring is to give a maximum torque of 1500 N-mm for a maximum

stress of 1000N/mm2. Find the Thickness and length of the spring to give three

complete turns of motion, when the stress decreases from 1000 to zero. The width of the

spring strip is 12 rmm. The young’s modulus for the material of the strip is 0.2 106

N/mm2.

Or

3. (a) The extension springs are in considerably less use than the compression springs why?

(b) A Semi - elliptical spring has ten leaves in all, with the two full length leaves extending

625 mm. It is 62.5 mm wide and 6.25 mm Thick. Design a helical spring with mean

diameter of coil 100 mm. Which will have approximately the same induced stress and

deflection for any load. The young’s modulus for the material of the semi - elliptical

spring may be taken as 200 kN/mm2 and modulus of rigidity for the material of helical

spring is 80 kN/mm2.

(DME 412) 2

UNIT II

4. (a) What are the material used for living of friction surfaces?

(b) A cone clutch is mounted on a shaft which transmits power at 225 r.p.m. The small

diameter of the cone is 230 mm, The cone face is 50 mm and The cone face makes an

angle of 15 with horizontal. Determine the axial force necessary to engage the clutch to

transmit 4.5Kw if The co-efficient of friction of the contract surface is 0.25. What is

maximum pressure on the contact surface assuming uniform wear.

Or

5. (a) List the important factors upon which the capacity of a brake depends.

(b) In a band and block brake, The band is lived with 14 blocks, each of which subtends an

angle of 20 at the drum center. one end of the band is attached to the fulcrum of the

brake lever and the other to a pin 150 mm from the fulcrum. Find the force required at

the end of the lever 1 meter long from the fulcrum to give a torque of 4 kN-m. The

diameter of the brake drum is 1 meter and the co-efficient of friction between the blocks

and the drum is 0.25.

UNIT III

6. (a) Define ‘Co-efficient of fluctuation of energy.

(b) Design a cast iron flywheel having six arms for a four stroke engine developing 120 kw

at 150 r.pm. The mean diameter of the flywheel may be taken as 3 meter. The

fluctuation of speed is 2.5% of mean speed. The work done during the working stroke is

1.3 times. The average work done during the whole cycle. Assume allowable shear

stress for the shaft and key as 40 N/mm2 and tensile stress for cast iron as 20 N/m2.

The following proportions for the rim and elliptical arms may be taken

(i) Width of rim = 2 Thickness of rim

(ii) Major axis = 2 Minor axis.

Or

7. The following particular refers to a four stroke diesel engine. Cylinder bore = 75 mm; stroke

= 95 mm. Rpm = 1000, Max gas pressure = 4N/mm2 Mass of reciprocating parts = 2 kg.

Determine.

(a) The dimension of an I-selection connecting rod if forced steel with an elastic limit

compressive stress of 350 mpa. The ratio of length of connecting rod to the length of

crank is 3 and the factor of safety may be taken as 6.

(DME 412) 3

(b) The wrist pin and crank pin dimension on the basis of bearing pressure 8 N/mm2 and 4

N/mm2 of the projected area and

(c) The Dimensions of the small and big ends of the connecting rods, including the size of

the securing bolts of the crank pin end. Assume that the allowable stress in the bolts, is

not to exceed 15 N/mm2.

Draw the dimensioned sketches of the connecting rod showing the provisions for

lubrication.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Discuss practical problems that encounter in design.

(b) With the help of a neat sketch explain system design (Take suitable example)

Or

9. Find out the system reliability.

Fig.

——————

(DME 413)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year)


Paper III – FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS


Answer Question No. 1 is compulsorily. (15 marks)

Answer ONE question from each Unit. (4 15 = 60)

1. (a) Define potential energy and equilibrium.

(b) Write about Rayleigh-Ritz method.

(c) Fundamental concepts of FEM.

(d) Define truss. Write local and global co-ordinates.

(e) Define Iso parametric element.

(f) Write about Axi-symmetric formulation.

UNIT I

2. (a) Derive an expression for principal stress Caliculation.

(b) Using Galeskine method find out the stress Caliculation equation.

Or

3. (a) Solve the differential equation

10,02

2

xxdxd

.

Subject to the boundary conditions 010 using Galeskin method.

(b) Determine the displacements of nodes of the spring system shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

(DME 413) 2

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain node numbering and band width of stiffness matrix.

(b) For the truss in fig. 2, a horizontal load of p = 4000 lb is applied in x -direction at node 2. To find out stress analysis for the given element.

E = 30 106 psi

A = 1.5 in2 for each element.

Fig.2

Or

5. Consider the bar as shown in the figure. For each element i, Ai and li case the cross sectional area and length respectively. Each element i is subjected to a traction force Ti per unit length and a body force y' per unit volume. The units of Ti, f, Ai and so on are assumed to be consistent. The young's modulus of the material is E. A concentrated load P2 is applied at node 2. Find the structural stiffness matrix and nodal load vector.

UNIT III

6. Evaluate the shape functions N1, N2 and N3 at the interior point p for the triangular element shown in the figure given below.

Or

E, f = constant

(DME 413) 3

7. Solve the plane stress problem in fig 4. Using three different mesh divisions. Compare your deformation and stress results with values obtained from elementary beam theory.

E = 70 GPa

V = 0.33

Thickness = 10 mm.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Write about discritization of the domain into elements.

(b) Construct the element conductivity matrix starting from fundamentals for a two dimensional steady state neat conduction problem over a triangular element.

Or

9. A metalic fin, with thermal conductivity K = 360 w/mC. 0 Km thick, and 10 cm long extends from a plane wall those temperature is 235C. Determine the temperature distribution and amount of heat transferred from the fin to the air at 20C with h = 9 w/mC. Take the width of fin to be 1m.

———————

(DME 414)




Paper IV — COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING AND AUTOMATION


Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily. (15 marks)


1. (a) Why automation required?

(b) Classification of unconventional machining process.

(c) List out the components of NC system.

(d) Define a machinery center.

(e) Significance of tape format.

(f) Define CIM.

(g) List the different types of programming languages.

(DME 414) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain different types of Automation.

(b) Distinguish between single spindle and multi

spindle Automatic machines.

Or

3. (a) Define laser and explain the principle of

LBM with neat sketch.

(b) Explain the principle of ECM and its

advantages, disadvantages and applications.

UNIT II

4. (a) Discuss the need of numerical control.

(b) Explain the classification NC systems.

Or

5. (a) Discuss the current trends in NC.

(b) Distinguish between CNC and DNC.

(DME 414) 3

UNIT III

6. (a) List out different types of programming

languages. Explain the CNC part

programming.

(b) Compare and constrast manual part

programming is computer Assisted part

programming.

Or

7. Write a program in APT on CAD/CAM system.

(DME 414) 4

UNIT IV

8. Write short notes on :

(a) Benefits of CIM

(b) CAPP.

Or

9. Define FMS. Explain in detail about application of FMS in an industry taking a case study.

–––––––––––

(DME 415)




Paper V — MECHATRONICS



All questions carry equal marks.

1. (a) Define mechatronics.

(b) What is a transducer?

(c) Define data acquisition system.

(d) Explain system measurement.

(e) Hydraulic actuation system.

(f) List different types of system response.

(g) What is an ladder diagram?

UNIT I

2. (a) Discuss the selection of sensors.

(b) Describe the constituents of mechatronic system.

Or

(DME 415) 2

3. (a) Why signal conditioning elements used in

data acquisition system?

(b) Compare Analog and digital data acquisition

system.

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain the time response to first order system to unit - step input.

(b) Compare hydraulic and preumatic systems.

Or

5. (a) Write short notes on techniques used for frequency response analysis.

(b) With the help of a block diagram show the 2 Degrees of freedom for a mechanical system.

UNIT III

6. (a) Distinguish between PD and PID controller.

(b) Distinguish between continuous and discrete processes.

Or

7. (a) Explain different types of logic gates.

(b) Discuss the significance of Karnaugh maps.

(DME 415) 3

UNIT IV

8. Write short notes for the following :

(a) Internal relays

(b) Counters

(c) Timers

(d) Basic structure of PLC.

Or

9. Explain the pick and place operation of robot in case studies of mechatronic system.

——————

(DME 416/C)



MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Paper VI — OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES




1. (a) What is linear programming? (2)

(b) What is dynamic programming? (2)

(c) Define global and local minimum. (2)

(d) What do you mean by extreme points? (2)

(e) What do you mean by unconstrained

minima? (2)

(f) Define point in n-dimensional space. (2)

(g) Define non-linear programming. (2)

(h) What are the applications of search

methods? (1)

(DME 416/C) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) List the principles of optimization.

(b) Give a note on design constraints.

Or

(c) Explain general characteristics of

mechanical elements.

(d) What do you mean by adequate and

optimum design?

UNIT II

3. (a) Maximize : 21 50100 xxz

Subject to 2464 21 xx

.0,

3/4

4

21

2

1

xx

x

x

(b) Explain gradients search method.

Or

(c) Explain Random search method with an example.

(DME 416/C) 3

UNIT III

4. (a) Minimize 1,0sin)( 2 xxxf correct to an

interval accuracy of 0.1 using golden section

method.

Or

(b) Use the method of Lagrnage’s multiplies and check for points that satisfy the necessary

and sufficient conditions for the problem :

Minimize 222 zyxf

subject to .3 zyx

(c) List the properties of multi objective optimization.

UNIT IV

5. (a) Determine whether the functions of convex, concave or neither

5236534 21312123

22

21 xxxxxxxxf

.

(b) Write short notes on applications of dynamic programming.

Or

(DME 416/C) 4

(c) Explain with an example the design of a simple axial.

(d) Discuss optimum design of simple linkage mechanism.

——————————

(DME 416/D)




Paper VI —REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING


Answer Question No. 1 Compulsorily. (15)



1. (a) Define the Ton of refrigeration.

(b) Name five means of producing refrigeration.

(c) Draw the P-V and T-S diagram for carnot cycle.

(d) List out the any two advantages of vapour refrigeration system over air refrigeration system.

(DME 416/D) 2

(e) What are the advantages of barometric condenser over surface condenser in steam jet refrigeration system?

(f) What is the need of ventilation and infiltration?

(g) Define the terms DBT and WBT.

UNIT I

2. In a Bell-Coleman refrigerating plant, air is drawn into the cylinder of the compressor at atmospheric pressure of 1 bar and temperature –5C ; and it is compressed isentropically to 5 bar and it is cooled to 15C at the same pressure. It is then expanded in expansion cylinder to atmospheric pressure and discharged to the refrigerating chamber. If the law

for expression is 2.1pv = constant, find the work

done on air per kg, and COP of the refrigerant plant. Take r = 1.4 and pc = 1 kJ/kgC for air.

Or

3. (a) Explain how a refrigerant produces cooling effect.

(b) Explain the principle of evaporative refrigeration system.

(DME 416/D) 3

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain the construction of T-S and p-h diagrams for vapour compression refrigeration system and why p-h diagram is more suitable for calculations over T-S diagram.

(b) ‘‘Compound compression with inter cooling is effective method of operation’’ Discuss.

Or

5. (a) With neat sketch explain the working principle of any two condensers.

(b) What are the different types of compressors? List its advantages and disadvantages.

UNIT III

6. An Ammonia absorption refrigerator works between the pressure limits of 12 bar and 1.95 bar. the latent heats at two pressures are 1150 kJ/kg and 1335 kJ/kg respectively. If 3NH after throttling is 0.1 dry and it is dry and saturated after leaving the evaporator.

Find the followings : (a) Heat liberated in the absorber. (b) C.O.P. of the refrigeration system. Assume the heat of mixing of 3NH is 880 kJ

and work done by pump is neglected. Or

(DME 416/D) 4

7. (a) Prove that the C.O.P. of the vortex tube is

given by C.O.P = rr

i

aacab P

P1

, the

notations carry the usual meanings.

(b) List out the fields of vortex tube applications.

UNIT V

8. (a) Explain how the psychometric chart is prepared.

(b) 30 3m of air at 15C DBT and 13C WBT are

mixed with 12 3m of air at 25C DBT and 18 WBT. Assuming the barometric pressure of one standard atmosphere, determine the DBT and WBT of the resulting mixture.

Or

9. (a) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of viscous filters over dry filters.

(b) ‘‘Heat-Pump’’ gives higher EPR when used for distillation of water than when used for heating the houses, comment.

————————

(DME 421)




Paper I — MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS




1. (a) What do you mean by measurement system

elements?

(b) List out the Random errors.

(c) Discuss the elements of a transducers.

(d) Write the principle of strain gauge.

(e) Explain any two terms used in pressure

measurement.

(f) What is an thermister?

(g) Define Load cell.

(DME 421) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) Define the following terms

(i) Standards

(ii) Accuracy

(iii) Resolution and

(iv) Repeatability.

(b) Explain the characteristics of second order

systems.

Or

3. (a) Using method of least squares fit the curve

cmxy .

(b) Explain the steady state error Analysis.

UNIT II

4. (a) Explain the method of fixing and bridge

circuits for measuring strain changes.

(b) List out the classification of transducers with

neat sketch. Explain the working of

ionization transducers.

Or

(DME 421) 3

5. (a) With a neat sketch explain the working of piezo electric transducer. Discuss the function of optical encoder.

(b) Explain with neat sketch the principle of electrical resistance straingauge.

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain the function of Diaphragm and Bellows.

(b) With a neat sketch discuss the working of MC lead gauge.

Or

7. (a) Explain the principle of Hot - Wire anemometer.

(b) List and in detail explain the thermo - resistance elements and functions.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Define Load cell. Discuss in detail about any one type of load.

(b) Explain the working of optical torsion meter with the help of a sketch.

Or

(DME 421) 4

9. (a) Distinguish between hydraulic and mechanical dynamometers.

(b) Define the following :

(i) Density

(ii) SP-gravity

(iii) Humidity

(iv) Moisture.

——————

(DME 422)




Paper II — COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN




1. (a) List out computer peripherals for CAD

workstation.

(b) Define CRT.

(c) Explain cubic splines.

(d) Discuss the 3D wire frame modeling.

(e) Reparametrisation of surface patch.

(f) List out different types of solid models.

(g) What is composite transformations?

(h) Define clipping operation.

(DME 422) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain the applications of computer for

design.

(b) Discuss in detail about the significance of

CAD software.

Or

3. (a) With a neat sketch explain the working of

any two Raster scan system.

(b) List out the video display devices explain in

detail about CRT.

UNIT II

4. Write the Bresenham’s circle algorithm. Generate

a circle with centre (0, 0) in Radius SCM.

Or

5. (a) Compare and contrast parametric and non

parametric representation of curve.

(b) Discuss any one type of curve fitting

technique.

(DME 422) 3

UNIT III

6. (a) Write short notes on Algebraic and geometric

form in surface modeling.

(b) Discuss in detail about surface of revolution.

Or

7. (a) Explain the boundary representation of solid

model.

(b) List out different types of solid models. Write

about solid entities.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain the principles of transformation.

(b) Matrix representation and homogeneous

co-ordinates in transformation - explain.

Or

9. (a) Define windowing operations.

(b) A line is defined by its end points (0, 0) and

(2,3) in a 2-D graphic system. Express the

line in matrix notation and perform the

following transformations of the line.

(DME 422) 4

(i) Scale the original line by 3 units in

x-direction and 2.0 in y - direction.

(ii) Translate the original line by 2 units in x and 2.0 units in y - direction

(iii) Rotate the line by 45

(iv) Plot the original line and each of four transformations of a piece of paper.

——————

(DME 423)

B. Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2011.



Paper III — ENERGY RESOURCES UTILIZATION




All question carry equal marks.

1. (a) What are the different factors to be considered while selecting the site for hydro electric

power plant?

(b) What are the specific advantages of storage reservoir type power plant. How they differ

from other types of hydro power plant?

(c) What factors are considered in selecting a site for a big thermal power plant?

(d) What are the different types of nuclear reactions that take place? Explain the

significance of each in nuclear power generation?

(e) Explain different methods adopted to control the nuclear pollution.

(f) What are the main considerations is selections of a “Site selection” for wind generation?

(g) What is the principle of solar photovoltaic power generation? Explain any one type of

solar storage system with neat sketch.

UNIT I

2. (a) What you understand by non-conventional sources of power generation? What is the

importance of solar energy and wind energy in INDIA?

(b) What do you understand by run off river power plant? How its performance is increased

by introducing a pondage in the plant?

Or

3. (a) Draw a neat diagram of a fuel storage and fuel supply system used for a diesel power

plant. What are the advantages of underground fuel storage?

(b) What do you understand by a closed cycle gas turbine plant? List out its advantages

over open cycle plant. What difficulties are encountered in the development of closed

cycle plant?

(DME 423) 2

UNIT II

4. (a) Draw a general layout of a thermal power plant and explain the working of different

circuits?

(b) High ash content coals with high fusion temperature are preferred than coals having

low ash percentage but with low fusion temperature. Discuss.

Or

5. (a) What do you understand by ‘Outside-Handling of coal’? What are the different methods

of outside coal handling? Discuss their relative merits and demerits.

(b) What is meant by ‘Over feed’ and ‘Under feed’ principles of coal firing? Which is

preferred for high volatile coal and why?

UNIT III

6. (a) What is chain reaction? How it is maintained? What is the difference between

controlled and uncontrolled chain reaction? Explain the neat sketches and with

examples.

(b) Draw a neat diagram of nuclear reactor and explain the functions of different

components.

Or

7. (a) A power station has annual factors as follows:

Load factor = 0.7,Capacity factor = 0.6 and

Use factor = 0.45

The maximum demand from the power station = 40 MW

Determine :

(i) Annual energy produced

(ii) Reserve capacity over and above peak load

(iii) number of hours per year during which plant is not working.

(b) What are the basic elements exhausted with the flue gases which are hazardous for

human health?

(DME 423) 3

UNIT IV

8. (a) With the help of a neat sketch, describe a solar water heating system using solar

collectors. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this system?

(b) What is the basic principle of wind energy system? Explain horizontal axial windmill

with neat sketch and what are advantages of horizontal axial over vertical type?

Or

9. (a) Discuss different systems used for generating the power using tidal energy.

(b) Explain the difference between a Geothermal power plant and Thermal power plant.

——————

(DME 424/C)




Paper IV — ROBOTICS




1. (a) Define Robot.

(b) Classification of robots.

(c) What is an end effectors?

(d) Define potentiometers.

(e) Different types of sensors.

(f) Write about Trejectory planning.

(g) Sketch an incremental optical encoder.

(DME 424/C) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) Write a short note on Robot Anatomy.

(b) The notation scheme described in section 2.1 provides as host hard method of identify Robot configurations. For the following arm and body designations, describe the particular robot system, using sketches when possible to illustrate the robot

(i) LLR

(ii) RLR

(iii) LRR

(iv) LVR

(v) LL-TRL.

Or

3. (a) Discuss Robot applications.

(b) Sketch and explain construction and configuration of SCARA Robot.

UNIT II

4. What are the considerations in the selection of design of remote centered devices?

Or

5. Write the classification of gripping and explain any two of them.

(DME 424/C) 3

UNIT III

6. (a) What is an optical encoders of absolute type? Why it is necessary?

(b) Identify the basic types of sensors used for industrial robots. Discuss with case study.

Or

7. (a) Sketch and explain photo detector sensor.

(b) Explain the working of interrupted type sensor.

UNIT IV

8. Find the A matrices for the manipulation in figure using parameters given in

Or

(DME 424/C) 4

9. Derive an expression for co-ordinates in reverse transformation of the 2 - Degree of Freedom Arm.

——————

(DME 424/D) B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2011.



Paper IV — COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS


Answer Question No. 1 is compulsorily.

(15 1 = 15)


(4 15 = 60)

1. (a) Write the uses of CFD in the application of engineering.

(b) What is finite control volume?

(c) What are the different flow models?

(d) What are the different discretization techniques?

(e) What is explicit function?

(f) What is implicit function?

(g) Write two modern developments in grid generation.

(h) What is the significance of aspect ratio?

(DME 424/D) 2

(i) Differentiate between mesh points and grid points.

(j) Why is staggered grid is adopted in incompressible fluids?

(k) Give one advantage of explicit scheme.

(l) Give one advantage of implicit scheme.

(m) What is face area?

(n) What is cell volume?

(o) Give any two types of errors in CFD.

UNIT I

2. Derive the continuity (mass conservation) equation in differential form for incompressible flow.

Or

3. Consider a square control volume of size “s” carry out the force momentum balance in the x- direction.

UNIT II

4. Using Taylor’s series, derive the second order

differential equation for yu

.

Or

5. Explain the Techniques of Finite difference, Finite Volume used in discretisation.

(DME 424/D) 3

UNIT III

6. Explain the boundary fitted coordinate systems of elliptical grid generation.

Or

7. Explain the boundary fitted coordinate systems of adaptive grid generation.

UNIT IV

8. From the continuity equation for two dimensional transient compressible flow, show how density is updated using the MacCormick scheme.

Or

9. (a) Explain ADI technique.

(b) What is the stability criterion for the MacCormack method?

———————

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