DNA to RNA to Protein

DNA to RNATranscription is the process of creating a molecule that can carry the genetic blueprint for a particular protein coding gene from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes found outside the nucleus.researchers have confirmed the existence of 19,599 protein-coding genes in the human genome and identified another 2,188 DNA segments that are predicted to be protein-coding genes.

Chromosomes are found in the nucleus

Chromosomes are made of DNA and Protein. Genes are a segments of DNA that tells a cell how to make different proteins

Ribosomes the organelle that joins Amino Acids into proteins.

Getting the protein instructions from the DNA to the Ribosome

RNA can leave the nucleus through nuclear pores and travel to ribosomes

RNA Structure Like DNARNA is made of nucleotides

RNA the 4 Nitrogen Bases and Ribose Sugar

Base Pairing rules

Translation has 3 steps

Details

Transcription Videos

http://www.dnatube.com/video/5763/DNA-Transcription-animation

http://www.dnatube.com/video/29711/How-Genes-are-Expressed-with-Transcription-Factors

http://www.dnatube.com/video/29706/Paired-DNA-strandshttp://highered.mheducation.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter15/stages_of_transcription.htmlRNA processing

DNA contains non-coding regions called introns.These may be viral DNA or genes that are no longer used by the cell.

The coding regions of DNA are called Exons.

RNA processing is a process that removes the introns and joins the exons.The resulting molecule is called mRNA [messenger RNA]Removing Introns with spliceosomes

From Gene to Proteinhttp://highered.mheducation.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120077/bio30.swf::How+Spliceosomes+Process+RNA