DO YOU HAVE A NEIGHBOR OR NEIGHBORS THAT DO NOT GET ALONG? WHY?

Do Now:

Scenario 1: The Smiths and Bolsheviks are next

door neighbors at the end of a cul de sac. They historically hate each other. One side of the cul de sac has wealthy families including the Smiths. The other side is poorer and includes the Bolsheviks. There was a crime spree of robberies in the neighborhood. To stop the crime, the neighbors do work together in a community watch and the Smiths purchased a mean, nasty dog to help guard the neighborhood. The crime spree ended. The Bolsheviks feel the Smiths should get rid of the dog. The Smiths want to keep it. The Bolsheviks can not afford to get a dog on their own. What should be done?

Do Now: The Smiths-wealthy,

own dog, hate

Bolsheviks

The Bolsheviks-

poor, no dog, hate Smiths

Mean, nasty dog

Scenario 2: To anger the Smiths, the Bolsheviks and the

poorer families decide to share money to buy a mean, nasty dog for their side of the cul de sac. If you are the Smiths and the wealthier families what would you do?

Scenario 3:

After the solutions of Scenario 2, what do you think the Smiths should do now?

How does this relate to events after WWII?

Yalta Conference Feb 4-11, 1945 (Before the end of WWII)

Met off of Black Sea before end of WWII to discuss outcome

U.S.A (FDR), Soviet Union (Stalin), & Britain (Churchill)

Soviets wanted Poland to be between USSR and Germany so don’t get invaded in the future

U.S.S.R wants control of Poland-why might this be bad?

Want to weaken Germany (break into 4 parts)

U.S. & Britain don’t agree (start WWIII) but U.S. needs Soviet help with Japan so agree, but Soviets have to give new nations free elections

2nd Meeting-Potsdam Conference

Potsdam, Germany Stalin, Atlee (Great

Britain-Churchill at start but was not reelected), Truman (FDR is dead)

July 17-Aug 2, 1945

Discuss: What will happen

to Poland? Division Germany Reparations

What parts of the

agreements Were

Not Followed?•Free elections were never given to Soviet occupied areas after WWII (Soviets do not keep their deal)•Germany will be 2 Parts not 4•Soviets will not have to fully help with Japan in WWII as the bomb will be dropped and end the war

After WWIIThe Cold War

1945-1991

The United Nations (U.N.) Formed with 51

countries that met in San Francisco to prevent future conflict

Based in N.Y. today Has six parts Five countries led the

main council-U.S.A, Britain, France, U.S.S.R, China (have the most power)

Fate of Great Britain Had to pay back Lend

Lease fall into depression Oust Churchill (blame for

depression) P.M. Attlee Socialist Can’t afford to keep

empire India independence 1947 Then Burma, Australia,

Canada Does not want atomic

bomb

Why would communism appeal to countries destroyed by war? People in poverty will

get aid from government

Why does the U.S. not like communism?

Feel it takes away the freedoms of people, don’t like the type of government (usually dictator) that runs it

How can the U.S. help Stop the Spread of Communism? Truman Doctrine: Truman

promises to help any country who refuses to get help from the Soviets. The doctrine first gives aid to Greece and Turkey.

Marshall Plan: Expands Truman Doctrine. U.S. aids European countries economically so they don’t fall to communism after WWII

NSC-68: signed in 1950 by Truman- quadrupled the amount spent on defense and stated ~20% GDP go to defense

Truman Policies Truman Doctrine:

economically help struggling countries

i.e. Greece & Turkey So won’t fall to

communism

Marshall Plan: Extends Truman Doctrine

Sec State Marshall$13.4 billionMainly G.B., France,

Italy

Arab-Israeli Conflict U.N. sectioned off to

make two countries to create a Jewish homeland for refugees from Holocaust

First War 1947-1948 750,000 Palestinians

misplaced-still a controversy today

Fate of Japan Occupied until 1952

(under the 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty)

MacArthur in charge Democracy Hirohito emperor if

cooperates Tojo executed by

hanging 1948 Was Tojo the

scapegoat?

What happens to the Nazis? Nuremberg Trials

Nuremberg, Bavaria

1945-1946 Originally major

war crimes (23 people)

Second was judges and doctors

Fate of U.S. U.S. become world power U.S. has atomic bomb 1952 get Hydrogen bomb Capitalist/Representative

Democracy Truman President until

1953 Dwight Eisenhower “Ike”

President 1953-1961

Fate of Soviet Union Stalin dies 1953 Khrushchev becomes

leader Communist Mad we did not tell them

we had atomic bomb & feels they had to fight the eastern front without help (most causalities)

Does not keep promise from Yalta for free elections

Get atomic bomb 1949 Get Hydrogen bomb

1953

What is a “cold war”? Tension building but no actually fighting between

the two countries (no hot war in which the Soviets & U.S. are directly fighting each other)

Nose to nose arguing but no punches thrown What is the building tension over? Arms race (build up of weapons) Space Race (who is more technologically

advanced) Spread of economic/political way of life Ex. Communism v. capitalism

Welcome to the Cold War!!!

Fate of Germany Sectioned into 4 parts East Germany went to

U.S.S.R West to France, GB,

U.S.A (We eventually combine to make West Germany)

Split capital of Berlin in Soviet zone as well

Why would the capital be split and not given to the Soviets?

Berlin Airlift First conflict of Cold War

Soviets block supplies from coming into West Berlin so they would gain complete control

June 1948-May1949 US & Britain airlift ~ 13,000

tons of supplies Why is the airlift such a

major event? Could have started war! Afterward became East

Germany & West Germany

Berlin Wall 1961 Tensions will continue to build

over the decade Built in 1961 by the Soviets

(J.F.K will be the U.S. president) Separated East from West Berlin Why was the wall seen as a

lose for the U.S? What issues to the wall

create in Berlin? Fell in Nov. 1989 Symbol of the Cold War & Fall

marks the beginning of the end of the Cold War

Berlin Wall

In 1960’s Fall in 1989

Countries will begin forming alliances Continuous fear of atomic war/WWIII

What impact will this building tension have?

NATO-North Atlantic Treaty Organization

United States Canada United Kingdom France Italy Netherlands Norway Iceland Denmark Belgium Luxemburg Portugal An agreement against an

attack from the Soviet Union

Warsaw Pact (Communist) Soviet Union Albania Czechoslovakia Hungary East Germany Poland Romania Bulgaria

The Iron Curtain Churchill states “An

iron curtain has descended upon the Continent”

What is the iron curtain?

An imaginary line that divides the communist countries from the rest of Europe

The Eastern Bloc Satellite Nation:

appears to be an independent nation but really is ruled by another.

Soviets had areas around them as satellite nations during the Cold War.

Yugoslavia-Why is it a different color on the

maps? Leader Josip Tito Split from Stalin 1948 Was an Ally in WWII so

independent Communist but not

part of Stalin’s satellite nations

Yugoslavia divided in 1992 after ethnic wars

Communist China China became

communist in 1949 Mao Zedong (1949-

1976) controversial leader

China is in transition today

What effect does the Cold War have in American society? Red Scare

Senator Joseph McCarthy Vows to rid of spread of

communism because he “has a list of names” to get elected

McCarthyism HUAC-House Un-

American Activities Committee-investigated suspected communist

Hollywood Ten- accused actors and actresses of spreading communism

Impact: started a widespread fear of communism in the U.S.

Julius & Ethel Rosenberg Accused of selling

bomb secrets to Soviets Tried & executed 1953 Ethel re-executed Targeted because they

were Russian immigrants & had relatives in Russia (shows shift in discrimination)

The Space Race In 1957 Soviets

launch Sputnik First earth orbiting

artificial satellite Starts Space Race

in Cold War Changes U.S.

school curriculum

It’s a Cold War with Hot Zones… Conflicts will break out in:-Korea-Vietnam-Latin America-The Middle East Why?-Containment: US policy to

stop the spread of Communism

-Domino Theory: fear that if one country falls to communism their neighbor will too

Communism

99 Red balloons-1984