Do Do NowNow

Get out your Do Now Log and brainstorm.Get out your Do Now Log and brainstorm. Brainstorm: List as many things as you can Brainstorm: List as many things as you can

to answer this question; What does America to answer this question; What does America have in place to maintain order and peace?have in place to maintain order and peace?

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Constitution Day 2006

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““In matters of Power, let no more be In matters of Power, let no more be heard of confidence in men, but bind heard of confidence in men, but bind him down from mischief by the him down from mischief by the chains of the Constitution.”chains of the Constitution.”

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

““The Constitution is not an The Constitution is not an instrument for the government to instrument for the government to restrain its people, it is an instrument restrain its people, it is an instrument for the people to restrain the for the people to restrain the government – lest it come to government – lest it come to dominate our lives and interests.”dominate our lives and interests.”

Patrick Henry Patrick Henry

New Unit : Mesopotamia and New Unit : Mesopotamia and EgyptEgypt

Hammurabi (1792-1750 B.C.)Hammurabi (1792-1750 B.C.)

Conquered several city-states in Conquered several city-states in Mesopotamia to become King.Mesopotamia to become King.

Improved canals + tax system.Improved canals + tax system.Changed religion so all people in Changed religion so all people in

kingdom worshipped God of Babylon.kingdom worshipped God of Babylon.His main legacy: His main legacy:

HAMMURABI’S CODE*HAMMURABI’S CODE*

*Discovered in 1901*Discovered in 1901

Hammurabi’s CodeHammurabi’s Code

Created laws to govern all parts of Created laws to govern all parts of life.life.

Two major ideas:Two major ideas:

1. Innocent until proven guilty.1. Innocent until proven guilty.

2. Guilty can be punished 2. Guilty can be punished using “eye for an eye” idea.using “eye for an eye” idea.

Picture From: http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/~john/publications/ger-prototypes/code.gif

Hammurabi ruled for 40 years – Hammurabi ruled for 40 years – known as “Golden Age of Babylon”known as “Golden Age of Babylon”

Became major trade center.Became major trade center.After his death, Mesopotamia went After his death, Mesopotamia went

back to city-states.back to city-states.

Picture From: http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iraq/images/hammurabi.jpg

Let’s Look at some laws!Let’s Look at some laws!

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Law 1Law 1

If any one ensnare another, putting a If any one ensnare another, putting a ban upon him, but he can not prove ban upon him, but he can not prove it, then he that ensnared him shall be it, then he that ensnared him shall be put to death. put to death.

In your own words, what does this In your own words, what does this mean?mean?

Law 2Law 2

  If any one bring an accusation against a If any one bring an accusation against a man, and the accused go to the river and man, and the accused go to the river and leap into the river, if he sink in the river his leap into the river, if he sink in the river his accuser shall take possession of his house. accuser shall take possession of his house. But if the river prove that the accused is not But if the river prove that the accused is not guilty, and he escape unhurt, then he who guilty, and he escape unhurt, then he who had brought the accusation shall be put to had brought the accusation shall be put to death, while he who leaped into the river death, while he who leaped into the river shall take possession of the house that had shall take possession of the house that had belonged to his accuser.belonged to his accuser.

In your own words, what does this mean? In your own words, what does this mean?

Law 3Law 3

  If any one bring an accusation of any If any one bring an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, prove what he has charged, he shall, if it be a capital offense charged, be if it be a capital offense charged, be put to death. put to death.

In your own words, what does this In your own words, what does this mean?mean?

Law 4Law 4

If he satisfy the elders to impose a If he satisfy the elders to impose a fine of grain or money, he shall fine of grain or money, he shall receive the fine that the action receive the fine that the action produces. produces.

In your own words, what does this In your own words, what does this mean?mean?

Law 5Law 5

If a judge try a case, reach a decision, If a judge try a case, reach a decision, and present his judgment in writing; if and present his judgment in writing; if later error shall appear in his decision, later error shall appear in his decision, and it be through his own fault, then he and it be through his own fault, then he shall pay twelve times the fine set by shall pay twelve times the fine set by him in the case, and he shall be publicly him in the case, and he shall be publicly removed from the judge's bench, and removed from the judge's bench, and never again shall he sit there to render never again shall he sit there to render judgment. judgment.

In your own words, what does this In your own words, what does this mean?mean?

Law 6Law 6

If any one steal the property of a If any one steal the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be temple or of the court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who put to death, and also the one who receives the stolen thing from him receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death. shall be put to death.

In your own words, what does this In your own words, what does this mean?mean?

Law 22Law 22

If any one is committing a robbery If any one is committing a robbery and is caught, then he shall be put to and is caught, then he shall be put to death. death.

Law 23Law 23

If the robber is not caught, then shall If the robber is not caught, then shall he who was robbed claim under oath he who was robbed claim under oath the amount of his loss; then shall the the amount of his loss; then shall the community, and . . . on whose community, and . . . on whose ground and territory and in whose ground and territory and in whose domain it was compensate him for domain it was compensate him for the goods stolen. the goods stolen.

What does this sound like?What does this sound like?

Laws 196-199Laws 196-199 If a man has knocked out the If a man has knocked out the

eye of a patrician, his eye shall eye of a patrician, his eye shall be knocked out.be knocked out.

If he has broken the limb of a If he has broken the limb of a patrician, his limb shall be patrician, his limb shall be broken.broken.

If he has knocked out the eye If he has knocked out the eye of a plebian, or broken the of a plebian, or broken the limb or a patrician’s servant, limb or a patrician’s servant, he shall pay one mina of silver.he shall pay one mina of silver.

If he has knocked out the eye If he has knocked out the eye of a patrician’s servant, or of a patrician’s servant, or broken the limb of a patrician’s broken the limb of a patrician’s servant, he shall pay half his servant, he shall pay half his value.value.

After reading After reading this, what do this, what do you think the you think the difference is in difference is in a patrician and a patrician and a plebian and a a plebian and a patrician’s patrician’s servant?servant?

Who is more Who is more valuable in valuable in society?society?

ReflectionReflection

What does Hammurabi’s Code tell us What does Hammurabi’s Code tell us about Ancient Society? (3-4 about Ancient Society? (3-4 sentences) sentences)