Do NowPlease answer questions below in your binder
Take out your homework1.) “We are the most powerful elected officials in Rome. We run the city & the army. Who are we?”
2.) “I am the power held by Roman tribunes (represent Assembly) to forbid the actions of other government officials. What am I?”3.) “We are methods used to balance power in government. What are we?”
4.) “I am Rome’s public meeting place. What am I?”
Big Idea: The Later period of the Roman Republic was marked by wars of expansion and political crises.
The Late RepublicChapter 10 Section 3
Within 200 years of the Republic, Rome conquered nearly all of Italy.
Growth of the Republic
Reason for the Roman Success◦ Legions- group of 6,000 soldiers
Century- 100 soldiers
Skills & formations ◦ Allowed them to defeat most enemies
Many farmers left their land to serve in military or move to bustling Rome◦ Rome’s farmers couldn’t grow enough food ◦ Needed to expand beyond Italy◦ Came in contact with the Carthaginians
Growth of the Republic (cont.)
Series of 3 Wars against Carthage (North Africa)◦ 264B.C.-146B.C.◦ Punic- Latin for “Phoenician” (built city)
1st War- Fought over control of Sicily (20 yrs.)◦ Series of Naval & Land battle, Rome was victorious
2nd War- Hannibal led an army to attack Rome◦ He never was able captured Rome◦ Romans could not defeat him, strategy go attack his homeland
(Battle of Zama)
3rd War- Rome(won) sent army to destroy Carthage◦ Killed Men & women, children sent into slavery & lastly they
salted their fields, Why?
Punic Wars (fiercest war Rome fought)
By winning the Punic Wars, Rome has no other real challenge
◦ Expanded west & east◦ By conquering the Greeks, Roman way of life was changed
Social problems in the Republic◦ In the republic: Rich kept getting richer, fearful of a peasant revolt◦ Brothers Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus representatives in the
Assembly Plan was to redistribute the land the wealthy had taken & sell food cheaply
to poorer citizens Unfortunately Tiberius was killed then shortly after his brother was also
murdered ◦ Consul Gaius Marius- encouraged poor people to join the army◦ Lucius Cornelius Sulla- fought Marius in a civil war eventually
defeating him. Sulla became dictator of Rome◦ Spartacus- a former gladiator who led a slave revolt defeating a
Roman army sent to defeat him. Led to later more issues of the crumbling Republic
Expansion & crisis strikes the Republic
Legions? Carthaginians? Why did Rome expand beyond the Italian
Peninsula? What were the Punic Wars? Result of the First War? Second? Third? Who was Hannibal?
Review
Page 308 vocabulary
&Page 313 #1-4
Homework
