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DO NOW TUESDAY
• What is carrying capacity?
DO NOW WEDNESDAY
• What is the relationship between limiting factors and carrying capacity?
SC Indicator 7-4.2
Illustrate energy flow in food chains, food webs, and energy
pyramids.
Prior Knowledge• In 3rd grade you learned about simple
food chains, including the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers.
• In 5th grade you identified the roles of organisms as they interacted and depended on one another through food chains and food webs in an ecosystem.
• You learned a lot in 5th grade. Let’s review what you learned.
In 5th Grade…• You learned about producers and
consumers like herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores.
• You learned about decomposers like microorganisms, termites, worms, and fungi.
• You learned about the roles of predators and prey.
• You also learned about parasites and their hosts.
• Wow! You really learned a lot in 5th grade.
Future Learning• In high school biology you will learn
how to calculate the amount of energy transferred from one level to another in an energy pyramid.
• You will also learn the roles that organisms play in the geochemical cycles (such as the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and water cycle).
• You will learn more about predation, competition, and symbiotic relationships as well.
Essential Question
What does a food chain show us?
Essential Question
How is a food web different from a food
chain?
Essential Question
How does energy flow through an ecosystem?
Essential Question
How does the amount of energy change as it moves
through an energy pyramid?
Food Chains• Food chains uses arrows to show
the flow of energy in an ecosystem.
• The arrows always point to the organism that is doing the eating
Trophic Level• The trophic level of an organism
indicates the position that the organism occupies in the food chain.
• It shows what it eats and what eats it.
Anything that can make its own food to survive
is called a producer.
Anything that cannot make its own food must EAT to
survive.
It is a consumer.
Trophic Levels in a Food Chain
• Tertiary consumers: eat the primary consumers (carnivores or omnivores)
• Secondary consumers: eat the primary
consumers (carnivores-eat animals- or omnivores- eat animals and plants)
• Primary Consumers: are herbivores (eat
the producers)
• Producers: make their own food
LEVEL 1: Producers
LEVEL 2: Primary Consumers
LEVEL 3: SecondaryConsumers
LEVEL 4: Tertiary Consumers
The owl eats the snake
that ate the frog that ate
the caterpillar
that ate the flower.
Follow the food chain from producer to top level
consumer.
Note: There’s something
wrong.What is it?
Trophic Levels
Food Webs• Food webs describe the
organisms found in interconnecting food chains using pictures or words and arrows.
• In other words, food webs are a bunch of food chains all together!
Food Webs are EASY!
Energy Pyramids• An energy pyramid shows the
amount of energy that moves from one trophic level to another in a food chain.
• The most energy is available at the producer level of the pyramid.
• The availability of energy decreases as it moves up the energy pyramid.
The most energy is at the producer level – the base of the pyramid.
Another Cool Sitehttp://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/food/food_menu.html
After we look at the above web site, we’ll go on to view the youTube video about FOOD WEBS.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MGODmyXkkPU
In this food chain, what is the producer?
What is the first level (primary) consumer?
What is the second level (secondary) consumer?
Which organism in this diagram needs to eat the most to get the energy to
survive? Explain.
EXIT SLIP THURSDAY
1 2
34
DO NOW FRIDAYName the organism at each trophic level of this food chain.
Pond Food Web Activity
• Now you will work in pairs to complete the Pond Food Web Activity.
• Each pair/table will need a set of cards and a handout for each person.
Use the cards in the bag to complete the four food chains on your handout.
Write the name of the organism from the card that you choose in the boxes on your handout.You may use some of the organisms in more than one of your food chains.
There are a lot of arrows
here, but they’re easy to follow.
Try it.
EXIT SLIP Pick one organism in this food web and give its trophic level (s). Explain.
Who needs to eat the
most organisms to survive?
Why?
EXIT SLIP FRIDAY
EnergyPyramid
Making a Model Let’s make a model of an energy pyramid.
The model you will construct will be simple. It will show pictures of the producers and consumers at each level, the names in words, and the trophic levels.
The good news is that this model really is perfect for meeting our objectives relating to energy pyramids.
Make sure you follow all instructions for proper completion of the model.
Acknowledgements• All pictures were obtained from various
sources on Google Images.• None of the pictures/illustrations are
mine.• Credit is given to all
artists/photographers for their work.