March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 1

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Submission Title: [NICT Indoor 60 GHz Channel Measurements and Analysis update]Date Submitted: [7 March 2006]Source: [Z. Krusevac, S. Krusevac, A. Gupta, T. Pollock, D. Miniutti, C. Liu, E. Skafidas] Company [National ICT Australia Limited]Address [Level 2, 216 Northbourne Ave, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia]Voice:[+61 2 6125 3797], FAX: [+61 2 6230 6121], E-Mail:[tony.pollock@nicta.com.au]Source: [Hirokazu Sawada, Chang-Soon Choi, Yozo Shoji, Hiroyo Ogawa] Company [National Institute of Information and Communications Technology]Address [3-4, Hikarino-Oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-0847, Japan]Voice:[+81.46.847.5096], FAX: [+81.46.847.5079], E-Mail:[sawahiro@nict.go.jp, shoji@nict.go.jp, hogawa@nict.go.jp] Re: [Response to the TG3c channel model subgroup call for channel models]Abstract: [Analysis of the NICT data for proposed 60 GHz Channel Model ref 15-06-0103-00]

Purpose: [Contribution to 802.15 TG3c at March 2006 meeting in Denver, USA]

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 2

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Purpose

• Channel model sub-committee requires a common channel model for evaluation of PHY layer proposals

• Bulk of proposed applications require directional antennas

• Committee needs a model with AoA

Require a measurement campaign to:• Determine an appropriate channel model with AoA• Determine the set of parameters that accurately

describes the 60 GHz channel for indoor situations

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 3

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Recall: Proposed Channel Modelref: 15-06-0103-00

S-V Model with AoA extension11

, , ,0 0

( , ) ( , )lKL

k l l k l l k ll k

h t t T

L = number of clusters;Kl = number of multipath components (number of rays) in the l-th cluster; = multipath gain coefficient of the k-th ray in the l-th cluster;Tl = arrival time of the first ray of the l-th cluster;k,l = delay of the k-th ray within the l-th cluster relative to the first path arrival time, Tl;

= mean angle of arrival of l-th cluster; = angle of arrival of the k-th ray within the l-th cluster.

,k l

l,k l

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 4

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Recall: Model Parameters

l cluster arrival rate

l ray arrival rate

cluster decay factor

ray decay factor

, , … multipath gain distribution factor(s)

AoA distribution standard deviation

1 2

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 5

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

NICT AoA Channel Measurementsref: 15-06-0012-01

• LOS Residential and NLOS Office environments

• Polarization: Vertical• Antenna height: 1.1m• Antenna separation: 3m(home), 10m(office)• Tx antenna: always fixed• Rx antenna: rotated from 0 to 360 degree in 5

degree steps

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 6

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Equipment

3.75 MHz7.5 MHzFrequency step

128Times of average

266.7 ns133.3 nsMax. excess delay

801401No. frequency points

19.1cmDistance resolution

0.25 nsTime resolution

3 GHzBandwidth

62.5 GHzCenter frequency

OfficeResidentialEnvironment

Using Vector Network Analyzer HP8510C

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 7

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential Environment (LOS)

• Living room without fixtures (LOS)• Surface of a wall and ceiling are covered with wallpaper• Window is plane glass• Wooden door and floor

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 8

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Office Environment (NLOS)

• The office room is made of steel wall, steel ceiling and steel floor• The floor and the ceiling are covered with carpet and plaster

board, respectively• Plate glass windows are attached on wall

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 9

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Single Directional Channel Model

• deconvolve Rx antenna pattern from measured data– Solution to a large set of linear simultaneous equations

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 10

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Cluster Identification Summary

1. PDPs are converted to a grayscale image2. Matlab tool imtool.m is used for the picture

analysis• Individual pixel analysis - contrast adjustment

3. Blind deconvolution tool deconvblind.m for cleaning the picture

• CLEAN algorithm to uncorrelate pixels4. Observed clusters (PDPs) then obtained

from original data for more precise details and parameter extraction

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 11

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Cluster Identification

angle(deg)

time(

ns)

-175 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 12

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Cluster Identification

• Identify cluster shape• Pixel level indicates strength of MPC• Used to determine rough cluster size/shape• Indicates where in data to extract more precise cluster MPCs

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 13

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

MPC Selection

• Many possible methods:– Visual– CLEAN algorithm– Lucy algorithm– Maximum Entropy Methods– Maximum likelihood algorithms based on blind

deconvolution techniques

• Currently using CLEAN and visual ray extraction• Looking to improve using other algorithms

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 14

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – Parameter Extraction I

• Cluster decay time constant

• Ray decay time constant

Method: Linear Regression

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 15

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – Cluster Decay Ratev360

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 16

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – Ray Decay Ratev360

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 17

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – Parameter Extraction II

• Cluster arrival rate 1/

• Ray arrival rate 1/

Method: distribution fitting tool (dfittool.m)

Note: arrival times from Poisson distribution (95% confidence – see Goodness of Fit testing)

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 18

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – Cluster Arrival Ratev360

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 19

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – Ray Arrival Ratev360

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 20

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Distribution Extraction

• Multipath Gains

• Angle of Arrival

Method: Goodness of Fit and distribution fitting tool

1 2, ,....

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 21

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Goodness of Fit Summary1. Probability Plotting

– selection of the distribution hypothesis based on preliminary fitting analysis

– use an inverse distribution scale so that a cumulative distribution function (CDF) plots as a straight line

2. Regression testing– to fit a straight line on the probability plot

3. Error plotting– gives the confidence level of the goodness of fit– Mean Squared error gives the error value between the data and the

hypothesis distribution– Steps 1-3 done for every hypothesis distribution

4. Parameter extraction– dfittool used to extract distribution parameters

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 22

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – AoA Distribution

-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

x 10-14 residuals

-200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

Xi = Angle

Z -

Sta

ndar

dise

d V

aria

ble

Probability plot for the Hypothesis Testing of a Laplace Distribution for the AOA Data (V360)

y = 0.0095*x - 0.024

data 1

linear

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 23

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – AoA Distribution

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 24

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – AoA Distribution

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 25

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Residential – Multipath Gain Distribution

• No conclusive result at this time• Similar in process to AoA and arrival rate

distributions• Further work required

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 26

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

ResidentialSummary of Parameters Extracted

7.48

5.02

2.02

2.399

Mean excess delay

spread [ns]

6.51

4.85

3.815

1.399

RMS delay

spread

[ns]

610.290.6422.8331.259.09v360

614.950.6582.750.5825.88v60

314.470.5974.6670.2224.54v30

3 12.910.7063.8330.4542.94

Number of clusters

[deg]

[ns][ns]

[ns]

v15

[ns]

Tx ant.

1/ 1/

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 27

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Office Summary of Parameters Extracted

78

74

Mean excess delay

spread [ns]

40.47

49.01

RMS delay

spread

[ns]

610.470.45312.870.83376.03v360

315.040.53525.911.492113.63v30

Number of clusters

[deg]

[ns][ns]

[ns]

[ns]

Tx ant.

1/ 1/

Identical analysis as for Residential environment

March, 2006

Tony Pollock, NICTASlide 28

doc.: IEEE 802.15-06-0108-00-003c

Submission

Remaining Work

• Improve MPC selection• Determine multipath gain distribution

and parameters• Determine time and angle correlation• Generate model realization technique

• Timeline: completed before Jacksonville meeting (May)