TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 14: SAFETY MANAGEMNT SYSTEM 14.0 DEFINITIONS 4
14.1 SAFETY POLICIES & OBJECTIVES 6 14.1.1 In Order to Achieve our Production 6 14.1.2 Concept of Safety 6
14.1.3 While the Elimination of Accidents 6 14.1.4 Safety Management System (SMS) 7 14.1.5 In Practice, the Concept of Acceptable Level of Safety 7 14.1.6 Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) Safety Policy 9
14.4.1.2.3 Safety Training for Operational Personnel 34 14.4.2 Safety Communication 34 14.4.2.1 Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) will develop and maintain formal means for safety communication that: 35 14.4.2.2 Means to Communicate May Include 35
Who has corporate authority for ensuring that all work required by the customer can be financed
and carried out to the standard required. Active failures: Is generally the result of equipment faults or errors committed by personnel. Corporate Safety Culture: Is the atmosphere created by management that shapes workers’ attitude towards safety Errors: Actions or inactions by persons that have an adverse effect Hazard: Condition, object or activity with the potential of causing injuries to personnel, damage to
equipment or structures loss of material, or reduction of ability to perform a prescribed function. Mitigation: Measures to eliminate the potential hazard or to reduce the risk probability or severity Probability: The feasibility that a situation of danger might occur Risk: The chance of loss or injury, measured in terms of severity and probability. The chance that
something is going to happen and the consequences if it does Risk Management: The identification, analysis and elimination (and/or mitigation to an acceptable or tolerable level) of
those hazards, as well as the subsequent risks, that threaten the viability of an organization. Safety: Is the state in which the risk of harm to persons or property damage is reduced to, and maintained
at or below, an acceptable level through a continuing process of hazard Identification and risk
Safety Management System: A systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures,
accountabilities, policies and procedures
Safety Office: Serves as a focal point for safety-related activities, acts as a repository for safety reports and
information, and provides expertise on safety management to line managers. Safety Performance Indicators: Are a measure (or metric) used to express the level of safety performance achieved in a system. Safety Performance Targets: The required level of safety performance for a system . A safety performance target comprises one
or more safety performance indicators, together with desired outcomes expressed in terms of
those indicators. Safety Program: An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improving safety. Safety Requirements: Are operational procedures, technology, systems and programs to which measures of reliability,
availability, performance and/or accuracy can be specified. Senior Management: A Team/Group of Managers/Directors including the Accountable Manager as determined by the Board of Directors Severity: The possible consequences of a situation of danger, taking as reference the worst foreseeable situation Violation: A deliberate act.
14.1 SAFETY POLICIES & OBJECTIVES 14.1.1 In Order to Achieve our Production
The management of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) requires managing many business
processes. Safety is one such business process. Safety management is a core business function
just as financial management, Human Resource management.
The Safety Management System is a systematic approach to managing safety, including the
necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies. Three core aspects of SMS are:
Systematic Safety management activities are in accordance with a pre-determined plan, and applied in
a consistent manner throughout the organization
Pro-active
An approach that emphasizes hazard identification and risk control and mitigation, before
events that affect safety occur,
Explicit
All safety management activities are documented and visible. 14.1.2 Concept of Safety
In order to understand safety management, it is necessary to consider what is meant by “Safety”.
Depending on one’s perspective, the concept of aviation safety may have different connotations,
such as:
Zero accidents (or serious incidents), a view widely held by the traveling public; The freedom from danger or risks, i.e. those factors which cause or are likely to cause
harm; The attitude towards unsafe acts and conditions by employees (reflecting a “Safe”
Corporate Culture); The degree to which the inherent risks in aviation are “acceptable”; The process of hazard identification and risk management; and The control of accidental loss (of persons and property, and damage to the environment).
14.1.3 While the Elimination of Accidents (And serious incidents) would be desirable, a one hundred percent safety rate is an unachievable
goal. Failures and errors will occur, in spite of the best efforts to avoid them. No human activity or
human-made system can be guaranteed to be absolutely safe, i.e. free from risk. Safety is a
relative notion whereby inherent risks are acceptable in a “safe” system.
Safety: Is the state in which the risk of harm to persons or of property damage is reduced to, and
maintained at or below, an acceptable level through a continuing process of hazard identification
and risk management. 14.1.4 Safety Management System (SMS)
Is an organized approach to managing safety including the necessary organized structures,
accountabilities, policies and procedures. In accordance with the provision of national regulations,
The DRC CAA shall require the individual operators implement the SMS acceptable by the state
(DRC CAA) as a minimum, such SMS shall:
Identify safety hazard, Ensure that remedial actions necessary to mitigate the risks/hazards are implemented ; Provide for continuous monitoring and regular assessment of the safety level achieved. Aims to make continuous improvement to the overall level of safety.
14.1.5 In Practice, the Concept of Acceptable Level of Safety
Is expressed by two measures/metrics i.e. safety performance indicators and safety performance
targets and implemented through various safety requirements. The following explains the use of
these terms Safety Performance Indicators are a measure of the safety performance of a department. Safety
indicators should be easy to measure and be linked to the major components of a company’s
SMS. Safety Performance Targets sometimes referred to as goals or objectives) are determined by
considering what safety performance levels are desirable and realistic for individual departments
and operators. Safety targets should be measurable, acceptable to stakeholders, and consistent
with our SMS. Safety Requirements are needed to achieve the safety performance indicators and safety
performance targets. They include the operational procedures. Technology, systems and
programs to which measures of reliability, availability, performance and/or accuracy can be
specified
The relationship between acceptable level of safety, safety performance indicators, safety
performance targets and safety requirements is as follows:
Acceptable level of safety is the overarching concept. Safety performance indicators Are the measures/metrics used to determine if the
acceptable level of safety has been achieved. Safety performance targets are the quantified objectives pertinent to the acceptable level
of safety. Safety requirements are the tools or means required to achieved the safety targets
Safety is one of our core business functions. We are committed to developing, implementing, maintaining and constantly improving strategies and processes to ensure that all our aviation activities take place under an appropriate allocation of organizational resources, aimed at achieving the highest level of safety performance and meeting regulatory requirements, while delivering our services. All levels of management and all employees are accountable for the delivery of this highest level of safety performance, starting with myself, Jean-Marc PAJOT, Chief Executive Officer (CEO)/ Accountable Manager.
Our commitment is to:
Support the management of safety through the provision of all appropriate resources, that will result in an organizational culture that fosters safe practices, encourages effective safety reporting and communication, and actively manages safety with the same attention to results as the attention to the results of the other management systems of the organization;
Ensure the management of safety is a primary responsibility of all managers and employees; Clearly define for all staff, managers and employees alike, their accountabilities and responsibilities for
the delivery of the organization‘s safety performance and the performance of our safety management system.
Establish and operate hazard identification and risk management processes, including a hazard reporting system, in order to eliminate or mitigate the safety risks of the consequences of hazards resulting from our operations or activities to achieve continuous improvement in our safety performance;
Ensure that no action will be taken against any employee who discloses a safety concern through the hazard reporting system, unless such disclosure indicates, beyond any reasonable doubt, gross negligence or a deliberate or willful disregard of regulations or procedures;
Comply with and, wherever possible, exceed, legislative and regulatory requirements and standards; Ensure that sufficient skilled and trained human resources are available to implement safety strategies
and processes; Ensure that all staff are provided with adequate and appropriate aviation safety information and training,
are competent in safety matters, and are allocated only tasks commensurate with their skills; Establish and measure our safety performance against realistic safety performance indicators and
safety performance targets; Continually improve our safety performance through continuous monitoring and measurement, and
regular review and adjustment of safety objectives and targets, and diligent achievement of these; and Ensure externally supplied systems and services to support our operations are delivered meeting our
safety performance standards. Ensure the Occupational, Safety, Health and Environment Working conditions are reasonably acceptable
to our employees, our customers, our partners and visitors as required by the Labor Code. Actively promote any action taken for the safe, hygienic and healthy optimum conditions and ensure the
development of hazards identification and prevention of occupational accidents and diseases.
14.1.7 Goals & Objectives Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) intends to provide a safe and healthy working environment for all of its personnel and the highest possible standards of safety for all customers by the elimination of all recognized hazards. To achieve these goals, a Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) has developed and will maintain a Safety Management system (SMS) which will incorporate:
Reduce the occurrence of accidents and incidents. Minimize the damage and severity of those accidents and incidents that do occur. Prevent damage and injury to property and personnel result of Compagnie Africaine
d'Aviation (CAA) operations. Incorporate safety into all operational, maintenance, and training activities. Consider the safety implications of proposed new equipment, facilities, operations and
procedures. Provide programs for the reporting, investigation and analysis of hazards and events. Comply with all internal policies and procedures, laws and regulations to ensure aviation
safety. Minimize insurance costs and exposure to litigation or penalties.
14.1.8 Safety Performance Measurement
The safety performance of the operation needs to be monitored, proactively and reactively, to
ensure that the key safety goals continue to be achieved. Monitoring by audit forms a key element
of this activity should include both a quantitative and Qualitative assessment. The results of all
safety performance monitoring should be documented and used as feedback to improve the
system.
It is widely acknowledged that accident rates are not an effective measurement of Safety. They are
purely reactive and are only effective when the accident rates are high enough. Furthermore,
relying on accident rates as a safety performance measure can Create a false impression; an
assumption that nil accidents indicate the organization is safe. In reality, there will always be latent
conditions within the system that might, if left Unattended, lead to an accident. A more effective
way to measure safety might be to address the individual areas of concern. For example, an
assessment of the improvements
Made to work procedures might be far more effective than measuring accident rates. Performance
measurement should be integrally linked to the companies stated overall Objectives. This requires
two things: the development and implementation of a coherent set of safety performance
measures; and, a clear linkage between the safety performance Measures and the organization’s
business performance measures. This shows a clear Relationship between the company’s safety
objectives and the achievement of its Organizational and business goals.
Safe operations are Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) most important commitment. To ensure
that commitment, it is imperative that we have uninhibited reporting of all incidents and
Occurrences that compromise the safety of our operations. We ask that each person to accept the responsibility to communicate any information that may
affect the integrity of flight safety. Personnel must be assured that this Communication will never
result in reprisal, thus allowing a timely, uninhibited flow of information to occur.
All personnel are advised that Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) will not initiate disciplinary
actions against any personnel who disclose an incident or occurrence involving flight safety. This
policy cannot apply to criminal, international or regulatory infractions.
A Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) has developed Safety Reports to be used by all
personnel for reporting Information concerning flight safety. They are designed to protect the
identity of the person who provides information. These forms are readily available in your work
Area. We urge all personnel to use this program to help Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) to
continue its leadership in providing our customers and our staff with the highest level of flight
safety. A non-punitive approach to discipline does not preclude the use of a general progressive
approach to discipline in cases where an employee is involved in similar, recurrent events. 14.1.10 Management Responsibilities
Provide guidance on the responsibilities of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) management
personnel to ensure that all have a safe and healthful work environment, operations are
conducted safely, and compliance with regulatory requirements is maintained. All Compagnie
Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) managers are individually responsible to ensure our operations are
conducted in a safe and efficient manner, protecting our staff and equipment. All managers are responsible for, and have a legal obligation to ensure, a safe and healthful
Workplace free from recognized hazards that may cause serious injury or illness.
Taking reasonable actions to protect people, property and the environment discharges this
responsibility. Some specific responsibilities are:
Ensuring RACDs and Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) safety and health standards are followed.
Monitoring contracted services’ personnel for compliance. Ensuring accident/incident, damages, and injuries are promptly reported and investigated. Ensuring a copy of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) Safety management system
Manual is made available for employee’s use and reference at each work location. Inspecting workplaces on a regular basis to identify potential safety hazards and taking
effective corrective actions to permanently eliminate hazards. Providing staff safety training Enforcing safety rules and procedures. Ensuring protective equipment is available and used by everyone. Providing the necessary tools, equipment, and facilities to perform work tasks safely.
The safety policies and programs for each department of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA)
will be disseminated to employees during initial and recurrent training classes provided by the
applicable departments.
Management’s commitment to safety is fundamental and is readily visible at all levels. Every
opportunity for actively demonstrating this commitment to safety must be taken. It is the responsibility of each operating Department Director, and each Compagnie Africaine
d'Aviation (CAA) employee, to correct or prevent safety non-conformities.
14.1.11.1 Accountable Executive Safety Accountability: the Accountable Executive (CEO) is accountable to Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) management board for safe management of the company and the services provided.
Safety Responsibility: In discharging this accountability, the Accountable Executive (CEO) is responsible for:
Authorizing a safety policy that indicates Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) safety objectives and its commitment to safety.
Ensuring a safety management system is implemented at Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA)
Assuming the leadership role to ensure commitment throughout the company, particularly at senior management level, to the safety management policy intent and safety management system requirements.
Ensuring appropriate adequate resources are allocated to safety and quality department. Ensuring that Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) executives and staff are aware and
held accountability for their safety performance and, Ensuring that Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) safety management system and
operation performance are evaluated for effectiveness on a regular basis. 14.1.11.2 Safety Director Safety Accountability:
The Safety Director is accountable to the Accountable Executive for:
Providing advice and assurance relating to safety issues and performance, internal,
external and international safety initiatives and requirements,
Maintenance of the safety policy and safety management system,
Establishing safety standards,
Establishing a system for the safety management education and safety awareness,
Establishing a safety audit and surveillance system,
Effective interface with the DRC CAA regarding safety matters,
Establishing industry liaison on safety matters,
Establishing safety relations with international bodies
Disseminating public communications on safety issues; and
Safety Responsibilities: In discharging these accountabilities, the Safety Director is responsible for:
Developing and maintaining a safety management policy. Establishing and maintaining a safety management system including arrangements for
identifying, reporting, tracking and correcting safety issues and for the initiations of preventive action where necessary
Undertaking safety audits of all operational and maintenance and corporate aspects of safety management.
Undertaking ongoing review of the safety management system to evaluate its effectiveness and ensuring that improvements are made where required ;
Overseeing the performance of the company’s safety management activities and providing advice on potential improvements to safety performance ,
Reviewing and reporting on compliance with safety management policies, plans, systems and procedures, ensuring safety issues are reported in a timely manner.
overseeing hazard identification systems, for example:
Occurrence investigations.
Incident reporting systems.
Data analysis programs.
Coordinating the regulatory authority’s Mandatory Occurrence Reporting (MOR) scheme.
Acting as a secretary for Company Flight Safety Committee, arranging its meetings and keeping records of such meetings.
Assisting with the investigation of accidents and conducting and co-coordinating investigations into incidents.
Enhance safety culture among all flight crews using all available safety recourses such as bulletins, circulars, Posters and direct contact with personnel involved.
Planning and controlling the Flight Safety budget
Selecting the most appropriate risk mitigation measures for those risks deemed unacceptable; coordinating safety committees.
14.1.11.3 Operations Safety Managers The Operations Safety Managers accountable to the Safety Director are:
a. Provides safety and regulatory oversight of all flight operation practices, facilities, and training.
b. Addresses flight operation concerns assigned by the Internal Evaluation Advisor:
1. The Operations Safety Managers will investigate all safety concerns to determine the cause and appropriate courses of action.
2. All investigation reports will be reviewed during applicable flight operations safety
committee meetings
c. Reviews occurrence reports for safety related issues and/or trends:
1. The Operations Safety Managers will investigate all operation occurrences to determine
the cause and appropriate course of action. 2. All investigation reports will be reviewed during applicable flight operations safety committee meetings.
3. Regular meetings will be held with the safety Director to review the investigations.
d. Performs safety audits of flight operations. This data will be documented and evaluated to
identify any areas of concern. Any areas of concern will brought to the attention of the
appropriate parties.
e. Develops and maintains. Briefs the Safety Manager monthly as to the status.
14.1.11.4 Maintenance Safety Officer The Maintenance Safety Officer is accountable to the Safety Director. Safety Responsibility
Assists in ensuring maintenance practices are in accordance with applicable RACD and Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) policies.
Maintains oversight of the maintenance safety programs and reports any deficiencies to the Director of Technical Operations and the Safety Director.
Assists in safety committee procedures. Reviews occurrence reports for safety related issues and/or trends. Investigates all maintenance operations occurrences to determine the cause and
appropriate courses of action. All investigation reports will be reviewed during the Safety Committee meetings. Monthly meetings will be held with the Safety Director to review the investigations. Addresses maintenance concerns assigned by the Internal Evaluation Advisor: The Maintenance Safety Officer will investigate all safety concerns to determine the cause
and appropriate course of action. All investigation reports will be reviewed during applicable Safety Committee meetings. Performs safety audits of facilities and practices. This data will be documented and
evaluated to identify any areas of concern. Any areas of concern will brought to the attention of the appropriate parties:
Tracks and analyzes reported aircraft damage and the associated corrective actions.
Provides safety and regulatory oversight of all maintenance practices, facilities, and training.
Participates in safety committees and events. Tracks and trends all reported aircraft and GSE damage. Ensures damage investigations
are conducted and documented properly. Disseminated all data as appropriate.
14.1.11.5 Flight Data Monitoring Analyst (FDA) Pilot captain on type and engineer certified on type Safety accountability:
The Flight Data Monitoring Analyst (FDA) is accountable to Safety Director for:
Reviewing on-conformities. Determining the most basic cause(s) of significant non-conformities. Valuating the need for action to ensure non-conformities do not reoccur. Determining and implementing the action needed within an agreed time frame. Identifying the person(s) responsible for timely implementation. Tracking the results of action taken. Managing regulatory violations
Safety responsibility
Prepares all concerned training programs for. Maintain records such as: to each related program required record keeping. Tracks and analyzes received reports. Disseminates data as appropriate. Acts as liaison to related areas Conducts any required reporting. Assist Safety Director as required
14.1.11.6 All Employees
All employees must perform all assigned duties with safety in mind. Each employee is responsible
and personally accountable for:
Performing only those technical functions for which they are trained. Observing and following established safety and health policies, practices, procedures and
operational requirements. Notifying management of unsafe conditions directly or through anonymous procedures. Operating only that equipment on which they have been trained and are qualified to
operate. Using required personal protective equipment as trained. Availing themselves of safety and health training. Keeping work areas free of recognized hazards. Reporting injuries, illnesses, damage, incidents, and accidents in accordance with
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) policy and procedure.
Every employee is expected to accept responsibility and accountability for their actions. Each will
have an opportunity to participate in developing safety standards and procedures by
communicating their safety concerns and suggestions to management. All must demonstrate
concern for the safety of passengers and for others in the Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA)
All personnel performing safety related work are required to be mentally, as well as physically fit,
for duty. Those personnel that do not meet this requirement will immediately cease those duties
and notify their supervisor. Supervisors aware of, or made aware of, an employee performing
safety related work that is not mentally, as well as physically fit, for duty will immediately have that
employee cease those duties.
14.1.11.7 Safety Review Committee 14.1.11.7.1 General 1. The Safety Committee provides a method of obtaining agreement for action on Specific
problems, Its task is to:
Provide a focus for all matters relating to the safe operation of company’s Aircraft Report to the Chief Executive Officer on the performance of the company in relation to its
safety standards 2. The committee does not have the authority to direct individual departments. Where the need for
action is identified during matters arising at meetings, a Recommendation from the committee will be sent to the concerned division.
14.1.11.7.2 Membership 1. Membership of the committee is made up of representatives from Flight Operations,
Maintenance, and Operations Control. Other divisions and sections will be invited to attend at the discretion of the Chairman, however numbers will be kept to a minimum.
2. Membership will include at least:
Chief Executive Officer Safety Director Corporate Documentation System Director Quality Director Chief Pilot Airworthiness Director Technical Director Training Director Operations Director Quality Assurance Manager Proactive Safety Manager Flight Safety Officer Security Director Ground Operations
14.1.11.7.3 Managing the Committee 1. The committee will identify problem areas and propose solutions. The details of safety
improvements derived from the Safety Committee meetings will be communicated throughout the organization.
2. The safety committee will meet every three months, or as called for by the CEO. 3. The Safety Committee will review all written or verbal inputs related to safety Received through
the Confidential Reporting System 4. Scheduled meetings should be re-notified one week before the appointed day. The circulation
list should include members’ secretaries and the Roistering Officer for flight crew members. The Agenda will be provided to all attendees at Least one week prior to the meeting to enable participant preparation.
Agenda
1.
1. The agenda should be prepared early and distributed with a one-week notification. The
flight Safety Manager will approach members for items they wish to be included for discussion, and make it known that published agenda items will be given priority.
2. The CEO will implement a format to exercise proper control:
Review the minutes of the previous meeting
Review of events (including incidents)
Safety items
Items where progress has slowed or is non-existent
1. Notify meetings and distribute the agenda well in advance
2. Place a time limit on the proceedings - start and finish on time
3. Discuss only agenda items - summarize frequently
4. When collective agreement on a particular issue is reached, write it down for Inclusion in the minutes
5. Keeps the meeting flowing Its purpose is to present reasoned judgment.
6. Do not let arguments develop or allow members to return to items already Closed
7. Make sure that the minutes are an accurate record of the committee’s Conclusions
8. Always let the committee knows when action items are completed. 14.1.13 Safety Overview The Safety Director will present an overview of safety issues discussed with the Safety Committee to the CEO and Senior Management. Set up the 5 November 2013 by the CEO.
Risk management is an integral component of safety management.
It involves a logical process of objective analysis, particularly in the evaluation of the risks. Risk management facilitates the balancing act between assessed risks and viable risk mitigation. 14.2.1 Hazard Identification Process
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) has established, develop and maintain a formal
process that ensures that hazards in operations are identified.
Hazard identification shall be based on a combination of:
A. Reactive method: It is the method which responds to the events that already
happened, such as incidents and accidents.
Air Safety Report (ASR) Mandatory Occurrence Report ( MOR) (Efficient) Accident and incident reports (Insufficient)
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) has established a system to react upon any
accidental / unexpected actions occurred during operations or had been informed of / declared
in the voyage reports or by the crew. B. Proactive method: This method looks actively for the identification of safety risks
through the analysis of the organization’s activities.
Air Safety Report ( ASR ) Surveys Audit (Very Efficient)
This system had already been established as a result of some accidental situations actually happened. Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) analyses the accidents / incidents situations asking for the assistance of some experts in the company, then issuing recommendations / instructions to avoid such kinds of accident / incidents.
C. Predictive method: This method captures system performance as it happens in real-
time normal operations to identify potential future problems.
Flight Data Analysis FDA Direct observation system (LOSA) (Highly Efficient)
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) has already established FDA analysis as predictive tools with non-punitive policy including Hazard Identification.
All data collected should be studied and reviewed by Safety Committee.
The company depends on analyzing accidents/incidents after occurrence in the other companies and then can take the suitable decisions for avoiding such occurrences in future
Risk management comprises three essential elements: hazard identification, risk assessment and risk mitigation. The concepts of risk management have equal application in decision making in flight operations
14.2.2 Risk Assessment and Mitigation
14.2.2.1 Confidential Reporting System:
The CEO of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) and the managers encourage all
employees for the Confidential reports with absolute protection of any report submitted by any
individual they can exercise their freedom to report actual or potential unsafe conditions or
occurrences of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) will use these reports for safety and will
never compromised or used against them and feed back the reporter the success of this policy
need also the cooperation of flight and cabin crew members or other relevant personnel for
corrective actions and high safety culture . 14.2.2.2 Safety Reporting Systems Staff must report safety concerns or hazards as they become aware of them. The Ongoing safety reporting system is confidential, simple, direct and convenient. Once safety concerns are reported they will be acknowledged.
Safety Committee is the primary responsibility of every member and is a prime concern of
Safety Department. Therefore it shall be conceived that one of the primary functions discovery
and reporting of safety problems.
Safety Committee dedicated to the improvement of Safety. Members meet regularly to
exchange safety information and to examine ways to improve safety and to avoid incidents and
accidents. One of the main tools of the flight safety committee is the outcomes and statistics
which is analyzed and discussed through the committee and with line managers on regular
basis meetings. The effectiveness of flight safety within Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) depends upon
trust, with matters relating to aviation safety being openly and freely discussed. Details of accidents, serious incidents and any safety concern which may be discussed at this
The Safety Committee provides a method of obtaining agreement for action on specific safety related issues:
Nobody knows better actual system performance than operational personnel. The requirements of safety reporting systems may vary among states. There are five basic traits that are universally associated with effective safety reporting
systems. These five basic traits are related to the basic attributes of effective safety reporting system: Willingness:
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) As a consequence of deliberate efforts by senior management to define the operational requirements needed to support active hazard reporting and to ensure that key safety data is properly registered, operational personnel are willing to report hazards, operational errors that might arise from exposure to hazards, as well as their personal experiences as appropriate.
Information:
As a consequence of the formal training to recognize and report hazards and to understand the incidence and consequences of hazards in the activities supporting delivery of services, operational personnel are knowledgeable about the human, technical and organizational factors that determine the safety of the system as a whole.
Flexibility:
As a consequence of holding realistic views of the hazards underlying the Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) service delivery activities and the development of realistic rules relating to hazards and to potential sources of damage, operational personnel can adapt hazard reporting when facing unusual circumstances, shifting from the established mode to a direct mode thus allowing information to quickly reach the appropriate decision-making level.
Learning:
As a consequence of the awareness of the importance of communicating hazard information at all levels of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA), operational personnel have the competence to draw conclusions from safety information systems and Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) has the will to implement major reforms.
Accountability:
As a consequence that key safety data is properly safeguarded, and the promotion of a system of checks and balances that ensures that reporters of hazards feel confident that hazard reporting will not be put to uses others than for which it was implemented, operational personnel are encouraged (and rewarded) for providing essential safety information related to hazards.
However, there is a clear line that differentiates in Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) between acceptable and unacceptable operational performance.
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) reporting system is ensure that No disciplinary actions as result of reports
Reports are confidential Feedback is rapid, accessible and informative ( feedback within 3 working days ) The reporter fill the form of report then send it to Safety Director directly throw:
Voluntary report Box in head office of Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA), or
Phone call 00243 970064766, 00243 997558953 and 00243 970064765. Note: Feedback 2 or 3 days after analysis of occurrence and after 2 weeks after all
actions have been taken.
14.2.2.4 Risk Assessment
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) develops and maintains a formal process that ensures:
Analysis (probability and severity of occurrence). Assessment (tolerability) and ; Control (mitigation) of the safety risks assessed to the consequences of hazards
in operations to ALARP.
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) Having confirmed the presence of a safety
hazard, some form of analysis is required to assess its potential for harm or damage.
Typically, this assessment of the hazard involves three considerations:
Probability of the hazard precipitating an unsafe event (i.e. the probability of
adverse consequences should the underlying unsafe conditions be allowed to
persist);
Severity of the potential adverse consequences, or the outcome of an unsafe
event;
Exposure to the hazards, the probability of adverse consequences becomes greater through
increased exposure to the unsafe conditions. Thus, exposure may be viewed as another
dimension of probability. However, some methods of defining probability may also include the
exposure element, for example, a rate of 1 in 10 000 hours.
A large reduction in safety margins, physical distress, or workload such that the operator cannot be relied upon to perform their tasks accurately or completely Serious injury or death to a member of people. Major equipment damage
4
Occasional
Likely to occur sometimes
4
Major
A significant reduction in safety margins, a reduction in the ability of the operator to cope with adverse operating conditions as a result of an increase in workload, or as a result of condition impairing their efficiency. Serious incident ,Injury to persons
3
Remote
Unlikely , but possible to occur
3
Minor
Nuisance. Operating limitations. Use of emergency procedures. Minor incident.
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) will reduce any vulnerability to any unsafe acts and conditions conductive to accidents only if it will take minimum precautionary measures.
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) will set and measure performance outcomes in order to determine whether the system is operating in accordance with expectations and to identify where action may be required to enhance performance levels to meet these expectations.
14.3.1.2 Risk Profiles a) A hazard becomes a risk because of:
Human factor Procedures Aircraft and equipment Acts of nature People present the biggest risk for such reasons as:
Attitude Motivation Perception Ability
b) Audit forms (quantitative and quality assessment) are the main elements to perform safety
measures through all Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) departments with clear linkage
coordination between them and the safety Director. The results of all safe performance
monitoring should be documented to be used as feed back to improve the system. c) The safety performance measures help the Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) in achieving safety goals.
d) Procedures can be considered to be a continuous risk management process. As should be
applied to both the reactive investigations and pro-active safe assessments, however, is a
difficult task.
e) Risk Management Process will help Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) to improve in areas such as:
Training and Awareness:
Culture and attitudes.
The ability of the operator to carry out self-assessment.
Loss prevention and control.
Auditing procedures.
The benefits to Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) are:
Establishment of a healthy risk management culture.
An enhanced reputation.
More business.
Decision Making
Operational and technical risks are manageable.
Collecting data and appropriate analysis
All data available form a sound basis for the decisions about actions required.
It is the Manager's (or his/her equivalent) responsibility to ensure proper decisions and that call actions are acknowledged and addressed by the department concerned within a specified
Timeframe. However, it has to be accepted that absolute safety is not achievable, but reasonable safety can be attained across the full spectrum of the operation. Provided, the risk management tools are used respectfully, the risks and hazards associated with commercial airline operations are controlled and minimized. Risk management, however, is incomplete without the consideration of the financial impacts,
Safety promotion provides the mechanism through which lessons learned from safety occurrence investigations and other safety-related activities are made available to all affected personnel.
It also provides a means of encouraging the development of a positive safety culture and ensuring that, once established, the safety culture is maintained.
Safety promotion activities are particularly important during the initial stages of the implementation of an SMS.
Safety promotion also plays an important role in the maintenance of safety, as it is the means by which safety issues are communicated within the company.
These issues may be addressed through staff training programs or less formal mechanisms.
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) improves its safety health by keeping staff informed about current safety issues through relevant training, safety literature, participation in safety courses and seminars, etc.
The provision of appropriate training to all staff (regardless of their professional discipline) is an indication of management’s commitment to an effective SMS.
New employees need to know what is required of them and how the organization’s SMS functions.
The Safety Director is the logical resource person for providing a corporate perspective on the organization’s approach to safety management.
14.4.1 Safety Education and Communications
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) Will:
Provide employees and supervisors with the knowledge and training needed to efficiently perform their duties.
Conduct initial and periodic safety training programs to meet Corporate, DRC CAA, requirements.
Conduct supervisor/manager safety training programs to cover topics such accident/incident reporting and investigations, accomplishing safety surveys, accident / incident and injury preventive programs.
Administer safety Management System training
Provide employees with health education information.
For information dissemination Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) encourages staff to participate in safe related seminars, workshops, meetings and on job training,
Provide employees with manufacturer's safety information and reliability data related to Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) needs.
Encourage staff for feedback on safety reports submissions.
All staff should be aware of safety issues addresses by Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) and provide employees with technical aids such as the Corporate Documentation System, well equipped classroom and FDA down load and analysis
Promote safety analysis culture for Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) employees by on job training under the supervision of company experts or Directors.
Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) safety culture is tied to the success of its safety management training program.
All personnel understand the company’s safety philosophy, policies, procedures and practices.
They understand their roles and responsibilities within that safety management framework.
Specific safety management training is provided for staffs who occupy positions with particular safety responsibilities.
The training program ensured the safety policy and principles of the company are understood and adhered to by all staff, and that all staff are aware of the safety responsibilities of their position.
14.4.1.2 Examples on Training 14.4.1.2.1 Initial Safety Training for all Staff
One of the functions of safety management training is to create awareness of the
objectives of the safety management system of the organization, and the importance of
developing a safety culture. All staff should receive a basic introductory course
covering:
Basic principles of safety management; Corporate safety philosophy, safety policies and safety standards (including
corporate approach to disciplinary action safety issues, integrated nature of safety management, risk management decision making, safety culture, etc.);
Corporate safety record, including discussion of areas of systemic weakness; Corporate safety goals and objectives; Corporate safety management programs (incident reporting systems, FDA,
LOSA ) Importance of complying with the safety policy and with the procedures that form
part of the safety management system; Organization, roles and responsibilities of staff in relation to safety; Requirement for ongoing internal assessment of company safety performance
(e.g. employee surveys, safety audits and assessments); Reporting accidents, incidents and perceived hazards; Lines of communications for safety matters; Feedback and communication methods for the dissemination of safety
information; Safety awards programs (if applicable); Safety audits and reviews; and Safety promotion and information dissemination.
Training for operational personnel (pilots, cabin crew, maintenance technicians, ramp personnel, etc.);
Training for aviation safety specialists (such as the Safety Director, Flight Data Analyses)
Once the safety management system is fully implemented, the safety training needs for
other than the safety specialists are met by incorporating the appropriate safety content
into the general training program for each position. 14.4.1.2.2 Safety & Quality Manager's Training A number of safety related tasks require specially trained personnel. These include:
It is important that staff performing these functions receive adequate training in the special methods and techniques involved. Depending upon the depth of training required and the level of existing expertise in safety management within Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA), it may be necessary obtain assistance from external specialists in order to provide this training.
14.4.1.2.3 Safety Training for Operational Personnel In addition to the corporate indoctrination outlined above, personal engaged directly in flight
14.4.2.1 Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (CAA) will develop and maintain formal means for safety communication that:
Ensures that all personnel are fully aware of SMS Safety critical information transcription. Explanation of the particular safety actions Explanation of safety procedures introduced and changed
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