DOCUMENT RESUME ED 306 943 IR 013 787 TITLE Instructional Television in South Carolina, 1958-1988. INSTITUTION South Carolina State Dept. of Education, Columbia. Office of Instructional Technology. PUB DATE 88 NOTE 36p.; Some photographs may not reproduce clearly. For related reports, see ED 268 980, ED 277 360, and IR 013 786. PUB TYPE Historical Materials (060) -- Reports - Descriptive (14%) EDRS PRICE mFol/Pc02 Pius Postage. DESCRIPTORS Educational History; *Educational Radio; *Educational Technology; *Educational Television; Elementary Secondary Education; Publications; *Public Schools; Staff Development; *State Departments of Education IDENTIFIERS *South Carolina ABSTRACT This report reviews the 30-year history of the, provision of instructional television by the South Carolina Department of Education's Office of Instructional Technology and the South Carolina Educational Television Network. Black and white photographs and text show the history of educational television programming end its utilization, as well as publications and staff development programs provided by the Office of Instructional Technology. A year-by-year summary of the highlights of instructional technology in the state from 1957-58 through 1987-88 concludes the report. (EW) * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * v
Transcript
DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 306 943 IR 013 787
TITLE Instructional Television in South Carolina,1958-1988.
INSTITUTION South Carolina State Dept. of Education, Columbia.Office of Instructional Technology.
PUB DATE 88NOTE 36p.; Some photographs may not reproduce clearly. For
related reports, see ED 268 980, ED 277 360, and IR013 786.
PUB TYPE Historical Materials (060) -- Reports - Descriptive(14%)
EDRS PRICE mFol/Pc02 Pius Postage.DESCRIPTORS Educational History; *Educational Radio; *Educational
ABSTRACTThis report reviews the 30-year history of the,
provision of instructional television by the South CarolinaDepartment of Education's Office of Instructional Technology and theSouth Carolina Educational Television Network. Black and whitephotographs and text show the history of educational televisionprogramming end its utilization, as well as publications and staffdevelopment programs provided by the Office of InstructionalTechnology. A year-by-year summary of the highlights of instructionaltechnology in the state from 1957-58 through 1987-88 concludes thereport. (EW)
* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made *
* from the original document. *
v
INSTRUCTIONAL TELEVISIONIN
SOUTH CAROLINA
1958-1988
IiToftbel
THIS HISTORY OF INSTRUCTIONAL TELEVISIONHAS BEEN PREPARED
BYTHE OFFICE OF INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Clyde H. GreenDirector
Office of Instructional Technology
Sidney B. CooperDeputy SuperintendentDivision of Instruction
Henry J. CauthenPresident - S.C. ETV Network
Dr. Charlie G. WilliamsState Superintendent of Education
South Carolina Department of EducationColumbia, South Carolina
3
FOREWORD
Television, radio and computers are for learning - an idea that has become a reality overthe past 30 years. What began as an experiment in September 1958 with 300 high school studentsin Columbia, this year was used in South Carolina by 18,754 teachers in 1,052 schools to reach506,010 students. It has been my privilege to be a part of th.7 development and advancement Athe use of technology in South Carolina classrooms during the past 25 years.
I wish to recognize the users of technology for their contributions in our efforts to improvethe quality and use of technology. After all, the users of technology with children have prov'dedthe important and final link in this success story.
Professional staff members have made major contributions both professionally andpersonally to the success we have enjoyed Many of the individuals and the events that occurredduring these years are highlighted elsewhere in this publication.
The staff members who have served the staff as administrative assistants, secretaries andclerks have made a major contribution to our success and I wish to pay them a special tribute fortheir hard work, dedication and professioralism. This special "thank you" includes all previoussupport staff but goes especially to my present staff of Lane Bowden, my secretary for 13 years,Willene Bolding, LaVonda Toatley, Izuria Cooper, Irene Warner, Paulette Hutto, Joyce Ayers,Linda Benton, Sarah Flynn, Teri Mabry and Grace McAlister.
Finally, a word of appreciation for the time, knowledge, expertise and pursuit of historicalfacts goes to Harvey S. Teal who assembled the photographs and outlined the content of thispublication. Harvey was on staff for 19 years until his retirement in 1986. He served as a valuedcolleague and was Chief Supervisor of the Resource Development Section for 17 of those years.
As you examine this publication on 30 years of Instructional Technology in SouthCarolina, I am sure you will share with me the sense of pride in what we have accomplished.
0, c 6:, )a, ,)-Lct_v--,/Cl jc H. Green, DirectorOffice of Instructional Technology
30 Years of Instructional Television In South Carolina
In 1958 an experiment in the use of TV in classroom instruction began at Dreher High School. Dreher
was chosen primarily because it was one of the foremost high schools in the state at the time, it was
located in Columbia and its administrators, Principal J.K. Bloom and Vice-principal R. Lynn Kalmbach,
were progressive and innovative.
This successful experiment led in 1960 to the creation of a new state agency, SCETV. R. Lynn
Kalmbach was chosen from the public school community to head this agency and ably served as its first
General Manager until his untimely death in 1965. Since 1965, Henry Cauthen, as President of SCETV,
has built upon this base and led the agency to its envied position as one of the outstanding public television
operations in the nation.
-E,.-, ,
R. '.,ynn Kalmbach Henry J. Cauthen1960-65 1965-present
10
During the 1958-69 period, Dewey Gentry, coordinator, David Stoney and Dr. George Bair served asDirectors of Education to supervise the instructional television personnel at Dreher and ETV.
Dewey Gentry1958-60
*IP
BOSS
David Stoney1960
Dr. George Bair1961-69
In 1969, a realignment of responsibiliti 's for instructional television occurred by joint agreementbetween S.C. ETV and the State Department A Education. This agreement states:
By joint agreement between the State Board of Education and the SouthCarolina Educational Tele i:rion Commission, the State Department ofEducation shall be responsible for the development, acquisition, scheduling andutilization of instructional television and radio resources to be used in thepublic schools by students, teachers, and adults. The South Carolina ETVCommission provides professional telecommunication support to achieve theapproved program objectives of the Department; such support includes theproduction of television and radio programs, transmission of such programs,expansion of the ETV Network, printing, public information and publications,field technical services and other services that relate to the public schoolprogram in South Carolina. The Office of Instructional Technology is chargedwith the curriculum development, scheduling and utilization activities related toall department television and radio resources produced through the network. TheDepartment is responsible for assessing the needs of the public schools withadvise from the State Advisory Committee for Instructional Technology. Inorder to assure that all Department programs provided through the educationaltelevision and radio network are in keeping with desired instruction to be offeredby the public schools, the State Board of Education shall review and approveannually the Department's recommendation for television and radio resources tobe made available to the oublic school via the ETV and Radio Network.
6
2
The State Department of Educaion created the Office of ITV in 1969, and appropriate ETV personnel andfunds were transferred to that office. Since 1969, this Office has been responsible for the development,acquisition, scheduling, and utilization of television and radio resources for grades K-12 and for staffdevelopinent and adult education, which are broadcast over the South Carolina Educational Television and RadioNetworks. In 1983 the Office was assigned the administration of Department activities related to computer-assisted instruction in public schools. Two changes in the name were made: ITV and Radio (1976) andInstructional Technology (1983).
From 1969 to the present, the Office has been under the direction of Clyde H. Green, who for the past 25years has been a leader in instructional technology.
Mr. Green holds BA & M Ed. degrees from U.S.C., has done post graduate workat U.S.0 and Duke University. After several years of teaching andadministrative work at the high-school level, in 1963, he joined the SouthCarolina ETV Network in its early days of development, becoming the first fieldutilization person to work with schools in the use of instructional television.He served as Assistant and Associate Director of Education for S.C. ETV, 1963-1969, and Director of the Office of Instructional Technology in the Departmentof Education 1969-to present. Mr. Green has been active in many media groups,holding leadirship positions and winning awards. He served as president of S.C.AECT (1975-76), President of the Division of Telecommunications of AECT(18 months), held he Charter Chairmanship for two years (1981-83) of theSECA Center for Instructional Communications of the Southern EducationalCommunications Association. For two years he served as a committee memberof the Nebraska National Videodisc Advisory Committee. He was selected asS.C. Media Person of the Year 'ay S.C. AECT (1982). He was honored by theCenter for Instructional Communications during the 1988 SECA Conferencewith an Award of Excellence. A plaque was presented to him with the inscrip-tion "For Outstanding Dedication And Leadership To The National InstructionalTechnology Community." The Souther. Educational CommunicationsAssociation (SECA) a professional organization representing the public tele-vision agencies in 21 states.
3
Office Staff (November 1988) Back Row (left to right): Tom Shirk, Danny Pipes, Clyde H. Green, Nick Martin and BobReese. Front Row (left to :fight): Arletta Raley, Reta Richardson, Kathy Plumley, Sandra Thomas, Judy Brasington, AudreyEddy and Dot Owen.
PLANNING
The office achieves its mission through a staff developed annual management plan containing of 'ectives inthe categories of:
Plaming
Management
Administration
Dissemination
Dr. Charlie G. Williams and Clyde H. Green
Personnel
Fiscal Management
Computers
Reporting
Resource Development Section
Public school television and radio instructional resources that are broadcast over the ETV Network are provided ina number of ways -- some are acquired from sources outside South Carolina and others are produced by the Office ofInstructional Technology through the facilities of the South Cerolina Educational Television Network. TheResource Development Section has the responsibility for these activities.
During the past 30 years (1958-88), sixty-four television series have been produced at the SCETV Network foruse in the public school classroc_as of the state. The Resource Development Section of the Office in InstructionalTechnology, State Department of Education, has been responsible for developing these resources for the schoolssince 1969. The chief supervisors of pis section during those years were:
NI
Edward J. Citain Harvey S. TealJuly-October 1969 October 1969 - June 1986 1986-to present
Reta P. Richardson
The Resource Development Section staff of content and instructional designer/producer and the series theyproduced are shown below:
LEE APPLEGATE SARi .H AULD
THE RIGHT WAY (Driver Education)
5
Co-produced INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICSI & II series
JUNIOR HIGH MATH I & II,GENERAL MATH
9
PAT CONNER
Co-produced CATCH ON (vocabulary)
EMILY COLLUM
CONRAD (Health)
HAROL D CARLSON DOUG EPIILICH
SPORTSMANLIKE DRIVING COLLEGE ENGLISH COMPOSITION
ElP
T O Z 3x.PC 4rscrt
ROBERT ELTON VERNON FLATT., Ph.D,
MODERN ALGEBRA FOR TEACHERSDirected CHEMISTRY serie..Co-produced the GROWING UP series with
the Office of General Education (Health)Co-produced series SCHOOL BUS SAFETY
with the Office of Transportation
6 10
1
JACK HANNA JACOUELINE JACOB LEh,12,
WAYS OF THE LAW, MAKINGGOVERNMENT WORK, COPYRIGHT LAWCo-produced PASS FT ALONG (Environmental Ed)
SARA LOWREY
LIFE SCIENCE
RHODA LUGENBEEL
HOW DO YOU SAY IT? ALGEBRA I & IIINTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA, GEOMETRY,TRIGONOMETRY, COLLEGE ALGEBRA,ADVANCED HIGH SCHOOL MATH
RUTH MCKINNEY PORTER MCLAURIN. Ph.D,
GRAMMAR AND YOU LET I & II (The Learner, the Environmentand the Teacher)
Photo NotAvailable
MALY111021EAL
PHYSICAL SCIENCEART AND IMAGINit F ION
DANOLPIESS.
THE PALMETTO SPECIAL,SOUTH CAROLINA GEOGRAPHY
ARLETTA RALEY
TIMES FOR SOUNDS I, II, III, IV, VHOLIDAY SPECIALS; EXPERIENCES INMUSIC, DRAMA AND DANCE; AMERICACOUNTS; HARMONY; GUITAR; BSAP MATH3,6,8
Co-produced PASS IT ALONG (Environmental Ed)
flANZ PAULEY
ART & YOU,
OARIMZSIK
FOCUS ON EDUCATION
MARGARET RORISON
GETTING THE WORD, andGETTING THE MESSAGE
812
LEGR AND ROUSE, REX SCHNUPP
GOVERNMENT- POLITICS- CITIZENSHIP Co-produced CATCH ON (vocabulary)
ARAcEusAliAW.
EL ESPANOL I & II
RUTH THOMAS
HARVEY TEAL
SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY (2nd Version)
AL
SAISMA:1114MALEN.L.12.
SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY (First Version) SANDLAPPER'S CORNERUNDER THE BLUE UMBRELLAUNDER THE YELLOW BALLONITS A RAINBOW WORLD; WHERE ARE WE?
9 13
CiENELLanataILLL
GEOMETRY
LUCY TURNEY-I" 1_11
FRENCH I, II, III
101:1NIMEDDRIll MARY WILLIAMS
Co-produced INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRONICSMATHEMATICS I & II
10
, v...iril
14
A Sample of Excel', InceThe quality of these programs devel-
oped over the past 30 years by SouthCarolina has received recognition in manyregional and national competitions.Some of the most prestigious are:
1964 Ohio State AwardELECTRONICS AT WORK
1965 Ohio State AwardChemistry-Lesson 21
1967 AAA Certificate of Com-mendationSportsmanlike Driving
1970
of
Ohio State Award"How A Bill Becomes A Law"Part 1 - S.C. HISTORY
1971 SECA-Outstanding TelevisionProgram"The Fog Mob"GETTING THE WORD
1972 AECT Annual Award for Out-standing Educational Programfor. Outstanding use of multi-channel taping and distributioncenter providing instructionalprograms through television
1972 AECT Annual Award for Out-standing Educational Programfor: Production and presen-tation of the television series,"The Learner, the Environ-ment, the Teacher"
1973 Programs Ohio State Award"It's a New Sound"GETTING THE WORD
1973-74 SECAGIFT OF THE MAGICertificate of Merit in creativeinstructional programming
1974 Chicago International FilmFestivalCertificate of Merit"Oconee - The Great Blue Hillsof God"AMERICA COUNTS
11 15
1975 Chicago International FilmFestivalTelevision Productions/Educa-tional: Network ar. Local"Re.nissance, Man"AMERICA COUNTS
1975-76 SECA Creative Productionfor InstructionalTelevision - "The Journey"AMERICA COUNTS
1977 Freedom foundation Awardat Valley Forge "OneAmerican Chappie James"AMERICA COUNTS
1978 SECA-Best InstructionalProgram Award"It's Payday" - UNDER THEBLUE \UMBRELLA
1979 National Association ofEducational BroadcastersCertificate of Recognition,Graphics and Design, for theset design for the instructiontelevision program THEWHITE CAT
1980 Corporation for PublicBroadcastingHonorable mention andnomination for best children'sprogram for CATCH ON
1980 SECACertificate of Merit,Instructional RadioProgramming Category forCATCH ON
1980 SECACertificate of Merit,Instructional Televi3ionProgramming Category forWAYS OF THE LAW
1980 SECACertificate of Merit forInstructional TelevisionProgramming"Contract/Consumer Law"WAYS OF THE LAW
1980 SECACertificate of Merit forInstructional TelevisionProgramming InstructionalCategory"Message Invasion"CATCH ON
1981 SECACertificate of Merit for "I'mAdopted" UNDER THEYELLOW BALLOON series
1981 Columbia Advertising Club(Addy Award)First ;lace in the PrintMaterials Category (Catalogs)for 1980-81 ITV/R Resources
1982 The Ohio State Awards"The Beautiful Phantom ofDaisy Bank" THEPALMETTO SPECIAL
1984 The Ohio State Awards"Pickens/Marion/Sumter'THE PALMETTOSPECIAL
1984 SECACerlicate of Merit for"The Arts in Celebration"HARMONY
1985 SECA Awards CompetitionCertificate of Merit for:Innovative Production ITV"Decision 1788" MAKINGGOVERNMENT WO1K
1986 SECA Awards Competitionfor Secondary InstructionalDesign"Secession", ?arts I and II,THE PALMETTO SPECIAL
1988 American Bar AssociationCertificate of Merit"Minorities and theConstitution"MAKING GOVERNMENTWORK
1988 SECA Awards Competitionfor Secondary InstructionalDesign"Minorities and theConstitution" MAKINGGOVERNMENT WORK
12
is
Utilization Section
For the past 30 years, teachers using ITV have been provided a variety of resources and tools to assist them. TheUtilization Section, consisting of a chief supervisor, five consultants, and their secretaries provide these services.The Office of Instructional Technology has had three chief supervisors of utilization since 1969.
Ig William Scott1969-70 1970-72
_
Robert W. Reese1972-to present
The utilization consultants operate from field offices in five different areas of the state.
1317
Photo NotAvailable
John Kennedy1968-69
Ea
A
Charleston
Charles Edmonds1969-80
Florence
Bill Rentz Charles Edmonds1968-69 1969
Photo NotAvailable
Wally Simpson1969
Aiken
William Scott1969-70
14
Judy Brasington1980-to present
%._
...
Dorothy Owen1969-to present
18
Nicholas Martin1970-to present
David Lynch1969-74
Cecil Roland1969-71
LAny_Annignmg1974-87
Greenville
A
Rock Hill
Audrey Eddy1974-to present
Robert Reese Jim Giles1971-72 1972-74
1915
Kathy Plumley1988-to present
t
Utilization S action Services Provided
In-Service Presentation
Planning with School Administrators
r
Training VTR Opera
Building Coordinator Orientation
16 20
College Clissroom Presentation Conference and Civic Presentation
-- -4
t
The utilization staff, in coordination with the S.C. ETV Network, helps plan network expans, an and improvement,and the placement of state-funded equipment in schools and with teachers using ITV.
BDS Installed Tower Erected
Taping Center
...r3 3
17
21
.
TV Sets
South Carolina ETV Distribution System
In-School TelevisionReception Only
Red Netwrodi
0 Orson Netvork
Serving the in-school program are 11broadcast television stations carryingelementary school programs. Manylocations can receive both the "red" and the"green" networks, as shown. RegionalETV studios are located at Beaufort, RockHill, Spartanburg, and Sumter.
REPLACEMENTLAT NETWORK
WATNETWORK
18
The South Carolina Instructional TelevisionFixed Services (ITFS) replacement networkbecame operational in 1986.
DISTRIBUTIONApproximately 240 secondary schools,vocational schools, and other school-relatedfacilities are served by 14 tape and delaycenters and the ITFS LAT system. Each ITFStape and delay center generates four channelsof programming from prerecorded tapes or byswitching to one or more of the WATchannels for "live, real-time" programs.
Additionally, 12 WAT transmitters and sixrepeaters, interconnected by way of a state-owned microwave system to the Columbiastudio, serve approximately 112 othersecondary schools, the 14 ttpe and delaycenters, and approximately 142 non-publicschool facilities, such as hospitals,technical education centers, law enforcementcenters, health-related facilities, andcolleges and universities. Each of these non-public school locations receives the fourstatewide channels of programming.
22
South Carolina Educational Radio Network
Alevi1"---NOCK MI
011110.4111 IMO
.\NOM11111416nd Mt
The South Carolina Educational Radio Network, established in 1972, broadcasts staff development and publicprogramming on seven .714 stations across the state. The FCC has also approved the construction of an eighth FMstation in Aiken, to be operational by April 1, 1989.
All stations operate at a power of 100,000 watts. The coverage map indicates the general coverage area for theexisting stations within the Educational Radio Network, but by no means represents every school district that willbe able to receive an adequate signal. Many schools beyond the areas indicated will be able to receive instructionalradio with, and often without, the aid of antennas.
2319
24
2
2
ITV UTILIZATION - 29 YEARSTO I AL ITV SERIES USAGE
This chart shows he total TV series usage, which counts students for each differen series viewed and thenumber of individual studentsviewing ITV. Individual students viewing ITV was not officially documented until 1969-70 For further inforti..:tion, contact the S C StateDepartment of Education's Office of Instructional Technology, 206 Rutledge Building. Columbia, S C 29201
25
*111,701
10
Publications
The Office of Instructional Technology uses printed materials to communicateinformation and to provide services to the public schools. The following publications areprovided free of charge in quantity to the public schools or are available to them upon theirrequest
1. South Carolina Instructional Television and Radio Resources bootincludes significant information about ITV/Radio Utilization, seriestelecasts, schedules, and series descriptions and yearly broadcastschedules of staff development programs. A copy of this book is mailedto all teachers and administrators in August
2. Ijtstructional Audio Teacher's Guide. contains all teacher lesson guidematerial relative to the use of individual radio series.
3. Curriculum Guide - ITV Resources in the Defined Minimum Program:correlates all ITV resources with the curriculum requirements of theDefined Minimum Program, to the Basic Skills Assessment Program,and to major curriculum needs. It is provided to administrators andcurriculum personnel of each district.
2621
INSTIOUCTIONAL I, I 111110 1/111101111/10 .111141win, fts.w......11.11111
Ira raaw.1.00.0111
1
a
4. Instrucjonal Technology Newsletter_ . quarterly publication whichfeatures special articles about microcomputers and ITV/Radio utilizationis distributed to all teachers and administrators.
5. APtimgchanzadixia2dIsiiml a booklet which provides briefguidelines on the essentials of making low-budget TV prodtm :ions byfaculty and students.
6. Di 'dine Coordinator's Handbook and Scheduling Calendar provides ahandy checklist of s ggested services to assist teachers in the use ofinstructional television and radio throughout the school year.
7. Teacher and Student Lesson Guides for ITV Series: guides for eachseries' utilization. Several series are designed to use student work-sheets or other materials, and these are provided either in master copyor in quantity.
27
i..,C;11.1.111 taint "OR 1114010M PICOUCTIONI
-
INSTRUCTIONAL TELEVISIONBUILDING COORDINATOR S GUIDE
1981119
Otlic of Inetruchonal TechnologySouth Catohna Department of Education
South Carolina ETV Network
itticiaLifivil
4i '''IMMOOMINIIIN
8. logructional Software BSAP Correlations for Language Arts.
Mathomatimindkicamnradolla provides information on grades1-8 language arts, math and science microcomputer sot ware that hasbeen correlated to the South Carolina BSAP objectives.
9. Holiday Specials Poster/Schedule: provides a listing and a telecastschedule of holiday/Christmas specials broadcast during December ofeach year.
10. Staff Development Reference book: contains a description andschedule of staff development programs and series.
11. Office of Instructional Technology Staff Development TelevisionSchedule; distributed monthly, August through May, contains alisting of televised staff development programs and their daily telecastschedules, with special notes to teachers and ITV building coordinators.
8
Instructional SoftwareBSAP Correlations for
,
LANGUAGE AINE, ERAINNEATKE sitGrain 1.0
on. et worailkraw&C. LArammo bow.
LCALEALC. ilriorl ltadiolLson
CIfligr
Sri WAN& TeacVers 4a or
12=1.=.111.I=SMeSTAN OINNAPININT ~ORM IMMO
PiremisaiicomiiiiiivioN mew=MIX=4:41,EAVIV=Arir=
AUGUST, I
12. tt 1, I'1,1 °11,..1 ILO O Ii, 1,.1
distributed monthly, August through May, contains a listing ofbroadcast staff development programs and their daily broadcastschedules, with special notes to teachers and ITV building coordina-tors.
13. pBs Video Catalog; provides information on programs that areavailable for use by schools in those districts that elect to pay aspecial access fee.
2924
tossod asMUCATIONAL RAIMO NUMOINt
lir MPIns le
SEPTEMBER, ISISSUIR10
a1,711 411
MOM*11111.0.171.4
IMO NA DO 1100,0.10....,. r gm '10.5411.0.
Ily. 51 11.1.11.0.N.5.1.104OriMaye
4* MowIN ilaIS a". boonR
1111.......Y 1.1 IN NS 1. %or, 41.W.Curea.e.awe. Nom
IMP Oft 85 LW '00 No, . tilStL. 5. .=.
114 Ye us . 1..11 .1 AO.M..VW I. ID /a
as 110..111141...
1111 121 MU
111 111 1111 1111
111 1111 111 MI1111 11E1 1111 1111
111 11111 111111 111
Staff Development
The office of Instructional Technology serves teachers, administrators, and other school personnel with one or morehours of staff development programs broadcast each school-day afternoon on the open- and closed-circuit channels ofS.C. ETV and the S.C. L.lucational Radio networks. Resource Development Section staff supervises the productionand utilization of staff development programs.
Programs covering a wide yeti' y of topics deliver information and training ox-Ennities to educators in theirschoo/s/schooi districts. Viewing the broadcasts and retaining the off -the-air recordings for local uses when they areneeded to make the staff development resources conveniently accessible to school people. 7-,e large selection ofresources include programs/lessons suitable for certificate-renewal credit; for teachers' point plans for credit; and forindividual professional growth ark .1 information.
Throughout the history of rry in South Carolina, staff development programming has made significantcontributions to inservice activities. A comparison of staff development program utilization courses completed tenyears ago with those in 1988-89 shows that a dynamic, and diversified program has been maintained. In 1978-79, threecertificate-renewal credit courses and one college-credit course were provided. A total of 277 teachers received certificate-renewal credit and 185, college-credit for two different courses.
Growth in the number of staff development radio and television programs/lessons has been achieved over the past tenyears with an increasing number of series and single programs being broadcast. In 1988-89, schools have access to 43radio and television series and 99 single programs, comprising a total of 399 programs/lessons.
Each year the Office of Instructional Technology surveys all offices in the State Department of Education forrecommendations and requests for programs to be acquired and produced for local staff development uses. This input iscombined with that of the ITV Advisory Committee on Staff Development to make the decisions on the resource' beoffered the following year. The chief supervisor of the Resource Development Section is responsible for coon. ..ingand supervising all aspects of this service. The production specialists works with the State Department of Educationstaff members in the production and scheduling of programs to meet identified staff development needs.
Production Specialists
Jane K. Terpstra1986-87
2530
Thomas R. Shirk1987-to present
Advisory System
An advisory system provides lines of communication between the Office of Instructional Technology and the schools toensure that the instructional resources and services provided to help meet the educational needs of teachers and students. Thesystemhas four winponents 12 curriculum committees for the various curriculum areas, a principals' committee, an ITV building coordina-torstornmittee, and a state advisory committee.
The State committee is composed of the 12 curriculum committee chairpersons, chairpersons of the three principals and threebuilding coordinators' committees, appointed superintendents and district media personnel and selected State Department of Educa-tion staff members. The State committee meets annually and makes recommendations to the Office of Instructional Technology.
14
SCHOOL
TEACHEREVALUATION
COMMITTEE
Instructional Technology Advisory System
ITV/RADIO
BROADCAST
S.C.EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION
AND RADIO NETWORK
tSTATE
DEPARTMENTOF EDUCATION
OFFICE OFINSTRUCTIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
26
31
iSTATE
ADVISORYCOMMITTEE
30 YEARS OF INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY HIGHLIGHTS
1957-58The South Carolina General Assembly
passed a concurrent resolution whichcalled for a study of the use of televisionin the public schools. R.M. Jeffries, Jr.was chairman of the sub-committee thatcarried out this study. On March 11,1958, the committee recommended that apilot project be set up in one Columbiaschool.
1958-59In the summer of 1958, a studio was
built at Dreher High School andequipment installed under the direction ofHenry J. Cauthen, technical director. InSeptember, two courses, French I andGeometry, were offered to 300 students.The courses were broadcast live from thestudio with our first television teachers,Lucy Turney -High and Cornelia Turnbull.R. Lynn ralmbach of the Columbia CitySchools evaluated the prceect.
1959-60The legislative committee requested an
extension of television service to fiveColumbia schools. Rhoda Lugenbeeljoined the staff and Algebra I was added.Each of these 160 one-half hour lessonswas broadcast live each day. Now, 1,561students were using instructionaltelevision.
1960-61The General Assembly created the
South Carolina Educational TelevisionCommission in order to establish apermanent and expanded ETV network.The Commission selected R. LynnKalmbach as general manager. Fourcourses, now on videotape, were beingtransmitted to 31 schools in 11 countiesvia closed circuit. The EducationAdvisory Committee to the ETVCommission was named. This is nowknown as the State Advisory Committee.Total student enrollment was 3,297.
1961-62Course offerings on ET v were
increased to seven. State a:Yenc;es beganutilizing ETV for continuing professionaleducation with a pioneering program inpostgraduate medical education. For thefirst time, continuing professionaleducation for South Carolina teachers wasavailable through the ETV System. Dr.
George E. Bair joined the staff as Directorof Education. The closed-circuit networkwas extended to include 50 schools in 26counties. ETV enrollment: 14,397.
1962-63Courses broadcast now numbered 11,
and included trigonometry, Englishgrammar, college English compositionand physical science. The closed-circuitnetwork now reached every county in thestate and served 155 public high schoolsand 36 element y schools as well as mosthigher education institutions. Courseenrollment reached 18,463.
1963-64The first open-circuit broadcast station,
WNTV in Greenville, signed on in Sep-tember with WITV in Charleston follow-ing a few months later. Resources ex-panded to 27 series. Clyde H. Green wasemployed as the first utilization con-sultant. Two hundred and fifty-nineschools utilized the open- and closed-circuit system and enrollment increased to47,203.
1964-65The closed-circuit network continued to
be expanded, and funds were appropriatedfor the third open-circuit station to belocated in Columbia. In June, GeneralManager R. Lynn Kalmbach passed away.Regional Councils were established tosupport the Education AdvisoryCommittee with the chairman sitting as apart of the state committee. Total ITVenrollment: 88,704.
1965-66Henry J. Cauthen was named
Executive Director of the ETV Network.Two hundred seven schools were nowserved on the closed-circuit network withup to three channels being received by anumber of them. Thirty series wereoffered with a growing emphasis onprograms for teachers. The nation's firststatewide program for training of lawenforcement officers was begun.Enrollment was recorded as 116308.
1966-67The Columbia open-circuit station,
WRLK, signed on and was named inhonor of the late R. Lynn Kalmbach.Thirty-four courses with emphasis on
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elementary programming were broadcast.Four hundred twenty-three schools (38%)reported using ITV, and total courseenrollment reached 172,825.
1967-68Broadcast stations in Florence (WJPM)
and Barnwell (WEBA) were added to thenetwork. A demonstration projectutilizing multi-channel closed-circuittransmission was initiated in 46 secondaryschools in Greenville, Florence, andDarlington counties. ITV utilizationcoordinators were employed at these twosites. Five hundred six schools reportedutilization of television with dramaticincrease in total course enrollment of294,396.
1968-69The Florence-Darlington, Greenville
multi-channel project resulted in anincrease in enrollment of more than tentimes, thus establishing the plan formulti-channel district distribution ofclosed-circuit. A demonstration project in:Fairfield County indicated utilization isdirectly related to TV set availability. Thefirst two ITV field offices were establishedin Charleston and Florence. The SouthernEducational Communications Associationwas organized and located in Columbia. Itserves as a regional planning agency forsouthern states for national educationaltelevision. A total enrollment of 332,022in 649 using schools was reported for the48 courses now broadcast.
1969-70By joint agreement between the State
Board of Education and the South CarolinaETV Commission, the Office ofInstructional Television was established inthe State Department of Education withresponsibilities for the development,acquisition, scheduling and utilization ofinstructional television resources used inthe public schools kr teachers and adultlearners. Clyde H. Green became directorof the office, a position which hepresently holds. The nation's first livedomestic satellite transmission wasorganized in Columbia whichdemonstrated transmission and receivingof instructional television series. Twoadditional instructional television fieldoffices were established in Aiken and
Rock Hill. The first resource catalog fortelevised courses was distributed toteachers and administrators. Twenty-new television resources were among the61 utilized in the 676 schools. Theutilization survey contained for the firsttime the number of individual students.(165,463 individual students accounted fora total 1TV enrollment of 472,362.)
1970-71Color equipment and mobile facilities
permitted production of instrumental pro-grams on location. Instructional Tele-vision Building Representatives wereappointed for the first time. The firstITV Newsletter, published three timesyearly, was distributed to all teachers andadministrators. An instructional tele-vision field office was established inGreenville. Three certificate-renewalcourses were offered that year for the rusttime. Summer scheduling of selectedprograms under the title of "SummerFare" first began. Due to the establish-ment of an unitary school system, 627schools reported utilization of the 61resources. While individual student countremained at 165,000 total enrollmentdeclined to a 409,962.
1971-72A color studio was put into operation
at the ETV Center and ITV programs werefirst produced in color. One thousandforty-two classrooms in elementaryschools were provided buildingdistribution system expansion. TheGovernor's Management Review StudyCommission recommended that thetransmission system should be extended toevery school and teacher in the state, andthe General Assembly provided for a $3.6million in bonds to extend open-circuitcoverage. Six new courses were amongthe 64 broadcast and utilized in 655schools. The 7,208 TV sets reported inservice represented a substantialacquisition by schools.
1972-73A multi-channel district distribution
center was established in Columbia. Thefirst FM educational radio station inGreenville (WEPR) signed on. There wasexpansion of the closed circuit network to31 additional schools and 97 schoolsreceived increased multi-channel service.
Sixty-three resources, four of which werenew, were utilized by 806 schools.Individual student count of 215,477resulted in a total course enrollment of608,991. Two hundred and eighty-nineVTR's and 7,930 TV sets were in use byschools.
1973-74WSCI-FM signed on in Charleston,
the second of five projected stations. Theclosed-circuit network expanded multi-channel service to 139 additional schools.The first instructional television fixedservices (ITFS) in Lake City was installedto serve 17 schools which was a closedcircuit service. Four new district dis-tribution centers were added: Lake City,Lexington No. 5, Rock Hill No. 3.Special scheduling was provided tosupport the highly innovative quinmesterprogram in Rock Hill and SpartanburgNo. 7. Thirteen new resources wereamong the 66 broadcast, and 8,796 TVsets provided reception for the totalenrollment of 783,938.
1974-75Construction began on transmitting
stations for Beaufort and Sumter andclosed circuit distribution centers. TheSpartanburg tape and delay center beganoperation and a teacher studio was built bythe Lake City Schoces. Closed-circuitservice was upgraded in 192 schools. Acourse entitled "TV in Education" wasoffered for graduate credit through theUniversity of South Carolina in which750 teachers and administrators enrolledduring two semesters. Seventy-threecourses were broadcast into 843 utilizingschools. TV set acquisition advanceddramatically to 9,848 and 405 videotapemachines. Total ITV enrollment reached986,411.
1975-76WRJA in Sumter and WJWJ in Beau-
fort signed on as the first televisionbroadcast stations with productionfacilities. Twenty instructional radiocourses were offered for the first time inFebruary 1976, with over 10,00 studentsenrolled. FM stations in Sumter(WMPR) and Columbia (WLTR) wereadded to the iietwork. For the rust time,high school students were able to obtainundergraduate credit in psychology
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through a cooperative program of theUniversity of South Carolina and theOffice of Instructional Television andRadio. Total ITV enrollment soared to1,097,032.
1976-77Ninety-two television series (of which
20 were new) and 20 radio series werebroadcast. Six ETV stations, the closedcircuit system of three state-scheduledclosed-circuit channels going into 250secondary schools, and four FM stationswere broadcasting these resources.District distribution centers in Blackviile,Beaufort, Sumter and Greenwood wereadded to the seven already in operation.Three teacher certification credit courses,14 series and 52 single-program specialswere broadcast as emphasis was placed onresources for staff development. Fivethousand teachers and administratorsutilized these programs. Seventy percentof the public schools were now withininstructional radio coverage area. Radioutilization doubled for the first full year ofbroadcast-232 schools reported utilization.A total of 886 schools (76%) and 295312(48%) of our students used ITV, and thetotal course enrollment was reported at1,316,623.
1977-78Eighteen new resources were included
in the 105 television offerings and 11 newseries were included in the 29 offered viaradio. WNSC -TV and WPRV-FM signedon in Rock Hill. A new publication,"ITV and Radio Resources in the DefinedMinimum Program," was developedwhich correlated ITV and radio programsto curriculum needs in the defined mini-mum programs. Staff development pro-gramming was increased to over 395individual programs which were containedin a booklet provided to public schoolstaff. Utilization of these resources wasreported by 9,432. An awarenesscampaign "Something's Happening" wassuccessful. Governor Edwards proclaimedthe week of September 12-16 "TV andRadio Learning Week" and the State PTApassed a resolution endorsing the use ofITV/ETV. Phenomenal growth in the useof radio was reported-now in its third year,using schools increased to 326, andutilization in all other aspects doubled.Schools reported utilization of 11,060 TV
sets, 596 videotape recorders and 395radios. This equipment was utilized withover 65,000 classes. Now, 898 (77%) ofthe schools and 322,598 (52%) of thestudents utilized ITV resources - a 17%increase in total series enrollment for anew high of 1,545319.
1978-79The 1978-79 school year marked the
20th year instructional television has beenprovided to the public schools. This 20thyear shows continued growth in the use ofITV in South Carolina classrooms.Seventeen new ITV in 112 series offeredand eight new radio resources wereincluded in the 39 radio aeries offered. Aseries entitled "Focus in Education" wasbegun for the purpose of publicizing posi-tive aspects of South Carolina publiceducation. Rock Hill Station WNSC-TV,Channel 30 completed its first full year ofbroadcast. The Corporation for PublicBroadcasting provided grants for fiveutilization staff members to visitITV/ETV organizations in Kentucky,Texas, Iowa, Mississippi, and Virginia.Utilization of instructional television byseries grew to 1,618,906 students, a 5%increase over 1977-78.
1979-80The 1979-80 school year marked the
21st year that instructional televisionresources have been made available to ourschools and the fifth year of instructionalradio service. In brief, the more dramaticaccomplishments for the year are:
-80 percent of our schools used ITV ...21 were new users-357,572 students had ITV as alearning resource-an increase of 24,250-1,493 teachers were new users of ITVresources-50 percent of our schools now haveradios-55 were new users-574 schools now have videotaperecording equipment-16 new ITV series were added-59 ITV programs were produced at
.50 new staff development programswas produced-WAYS OF THE LAW, a law-relatededucation ITV series debuted andenjoyed good use
One of the most important series ofinformation reported this year was thatthe 12,197 TV sets in our schools wereutilized by 12,316 teachers with 357,572students. . .more than 57 percent of thestudent enrollment in our schools!
1980-81The 1980-81 school year, the 22nd
year that ITV resources have beenavailable, were:
-84 percent of our schools used ITV --43 were new users-62 percent of our students had ITV asa learning resource-37 parent of our teachers utilized ITV-952 were new users-655 schools nowhave videotape recording equipment-a17% increase-40 percent of our schools usedInstructional Radio- 38 were new users-15 percent more radios werepurchased, an increase of 227-To facilitate audio usage in theclassroom, high-speed duplicationequipment was installed at ETV inMay 1981.-The number of educators takingadvantage of staff development creditcourses or viewing programs increaseddramatically - total usage was over8,600.-734 earned certification renewal orgraduate credit utilizing the 6 seriesoffered-18 new ITV series were added-47 ITV programs were produced atETV-68 radio programs were produced atETV-46 staff development progn.ms wereproduced at ETV
It seemed evident that ITV and Radiomade substantial contribution to teachingand learning in South Carolina schools.
1981-82The 1981-82 school year, our 23rd,
saw some dramatic accomplishments.-87 percent of our schools used ITV -56 were new users-66 percent of our students had ITV asa learning resource-39 percent of our teachers utilized ITV-908 were new users
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-715 schools now have videotaperecording equipment - 9% increase-47 slaff development programs wereproduced at ETV-Ova 3,100 educators used staffdevelopment programs-486 earned certification renewal orgraduate credit utilizing the seriesoffered
To facilitate audio usage in the class-room, high-speed duplication equipmentwas installed at ETV in May 1981 andaudio cassette copy of all IR were sent totaping centers and to the State AVLibrary.
1982-83Some of the significant accomplish-
ments for the 1982-83 school year were:-89 percent of our schools used ITV-68 percent of our students had ITV asa learning resource-39 percent of our teachers utilized ITV-760 schools now have videotaperecording equipment-14,169 teachers used 10,747 TV sets-2000+ educators earned certificationrenewal or graduate credit utilizing thesix series offered-Office of Instructional Television andRadio received a grant from SouthCarolina Bar to develop law-relatededucational teacher material-SAT Screen potential new ITVprograms were fed by satellite toSouth Carolina and viewed in schoolsby 475 teachers and 3409 students.
1983-84The 1983-84 school year was the 25th
year that ITV resources have beenavailable. A few of the more significantaccomplishments were:
-90% schools used ITV-71% students used ITV as alearning resource-40% teachers utilized ITV-74% schools now having videotaperecording equipment (832)-44% color TV sets-84% schools having color sets-12,348 TV sets available forinstructional purposes utilized by14,620 teachers-12 curriculum commiuee addedto the State Advisory System
-2,000+ educators took advantageof staff development programs.38% of the 544 programs were new.-137 earned certification renewal orgraduate credit utilizing the four seriesofIn September 1983, computer assisted
and managed instruction was assigned todn.. office and the office name was changedto the Office of Instructional Technology.A comprehensive computer survey inAmory revealed that:
-67% schools have microcomputers-4,053 computers in schools-15% instructional personnel judged tobe "computer literate"A major micro activity was the
selection of recommended software forBasic Skills Assessment Program (BSAP)beginning with math (1-8) and continuingwith selected programs for language artsand science.
A central micro lab at SCETV and"mini labs" in each of the five utilizationfield offices were established.
1984-85The record of our services in helping
meet the educational needs of the publicschools of South Carolina for the 1984-85school year reflect some significantachievements:
-91% schools used ITV-74%students used ITN, .s a learningresource-40% teachers utilized ITV-82% school now having videotaperecording equipment (929)--90% schools having color sets-13,052 TV sets available forinstructional purposes utilized by15,386 teachers
Work began on the InstructionalTelevision Fixed Service (ITFS) systemto replace closed-circuit.
-19% new ITV series added to schedulefor a total of 164-1,274+ educators took advantage ofstaff development programs, 25% ofthe 505 programs were new.-48 earned certification renewal creditutilizing the four series offered
A computer survey was taken to reportactivities for the calendar year 1984 withthe results as follows:
-81% schools have microcomputers
5,400 computers in schools-25% instructional; personnel judged to"computer literate"
The office joined a multi-state projectfor the purpose of evaluating microcom-puter software, Project SEED.
A major micro activity was a revisedselection of recommended software forBasic Skills Assessment Program (BSAP)math (1-8) and the development of selectedprograms for language arts.
A statewide "Mock Trial Com-petition" to compliment the use of theITV series, WAYS OF THE LAW, wasconducted. A Good Citizenship contestwas conducted to compliment the use ofthe ITV series, MAKING GOVERN-MENT WORK.
1985-86Durir.g the 1985-86 school year some
significant accomplishments were:-93% schools used ITV-77% students used ITV as a learningresource44% teachers utilized ITV-89% schools now having videotaperecording equipment (986)-94% schools having color sets-6,028+ educators took advantage ofstaff development programs, 26% ofthe 531 programs were new
A computer survey was taken to reportactivities for the calendar year 1985 withresults as follows:
-95% schools have microcomputers-14,959 computers in school-36% instructional personnel judged tobe "computer literate"
A major micro activity was a secondrevision of recommended software forBasic Skills Assessment Program (BSAP)math (1-8), a revised selection of softwarefor language arts (1-8) and the develop-ment of a selection of software programsfor science grades 1-8 publication.
Two ITV programs on the copyrightlaw were developed, broadcast and usedsuccessfully. A statewide Copyright Tele-conference was held in August, 1985 thathad participation from the educationalcommunity throughout South Carolina.
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1986-87The record of our services in helping to
meet the educational needs of the publicschools of South Carolina for the 1986-87school year is reflected in these more sig-nificant facts of the year
-95 % schools used ITV-81% students used ITV as a learningresource-95% schools had videotape recordingequipment (986)-75% TV sets were color sets-15,253 of the 17,488 TV sets avail-able for instructional purposes wereutilized by 17,806 teachers.-18% of the 510 staff developmentprograms were new. Total series/pro-grams usage was by 5,986 educators.-Phase I of ITFS System competed bySeptember of 1986 and all grades 7-12schools formerly on closed-circuitswitched to ITFS.-A national ITV utilization conferencewas sponsored by the Office of Ir.struc-tional Technology and held Charlestonin May, 1986.-PBS Video Project, Office ofInstructional Technology developed aproject whereby, for a small fee,school districts could acquire and use156 hours of instructional program-ming.
A computer survey was taken to reporta-tivities for the 1986-87 calendar year
tut the results as follows:-96% schools had microcomputers-24,041 computers were in schools-45% of all instructional personnel wasjudged to be "computer literate"
A major microcomputer activity was aforth revision of recommended softwarefor Basic Skills Assessment Program(BSAP) math (1-8), a third revisedselection of software for language arts (1-8), and a second revision of the recom-mend software programs for science,grades 1-8 publication.
1987-88A few of the more significant
accomplishments in 1987-88 were:-95 percent of all schools used ITV.-82 percent of all students used ITV asa learning resource.
-92 percent of all school had somevideotape recording equipment (1,023)for instructional purposes.-85 percent of all television sets usedfor instruction were color sets.
A computer survey revealed that:-97 percent of all school hadmiaeoamputers.-29,766 computers were in schools.-51 percent of all instructionalpersonnel was judged to be "computerliterate"
The office conducted a student artcontest from which were selected the frontcovers for the three major publications.Other selected artwork was usedthroughout the resource book.
A major microcomputer activity was afourth revision of recommended softwarefor Basic Skills Assessment Program(BSAP) math, (1-8), a third revisedselection of software for language arts, (1-8), and a second revision of therecommend software programs for science,Epodes 1-8 publication,.
A central microcomputer lab at S.C.ETV and "mini" labs in each of the fiveutilization field offices continued to serveeducators
A 4 million dollar bond bill waspassed by the General Assembly to expandITFS Four-channel wide Area TransmitterReception in eight new districtdistribution centers servicing secondaryschools.
