Conus abbai Poppe & Tagaro, 2011 Pictures: Picture Link: Holotype in IRSN Original Description Published in: Visaya 3 (3), 83 Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific Type Locality: Solor Island, Indonesia Type Data: Holotype in IRSN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 34.5 x 16.4 mm Nomenclature: An available name Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 Current Group Names:- Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE Genus:-Eugeniconus Species:-nobilis abbai forma Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms Geographic Range:-Indonesia Habitat:-No Data Description:-Source Original description Shells average in size or the group of Conus to which they belong (sensu Tucker & Tenorio 2009 Eugeniconus). The types measure between 33.7 and 52.1 mm in length. Last whorl.conical in shape, almost conoid-cylindrical. Shoulder carinate. Spire low, outline slightly concave. The apex projects from an almost flat spire. Larval shell of about two whorls, tilted. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, slightly concave in the later whorls, with pronounced axial threads. The last whorl with weak spira1 grooves near the siphonal canal. Base color of the shell is white, covered with a brown pattem that only leaves small tents white and with either a dark brown or purple fleck near the siphonal canal, well visible on the ventral side. The white tents are dispersed all over the shell but flock together in three denser zones, forming spiral bands of white dots, one below the shoulder, one at mid-whorl and near the siphonal canal. All shells have a dark brown zone on the shoulder and on top of the last whorllarge white flecks. In some specimens, bands with the typical victor pattern appear but not in black, only in dark brown. The upper teleoconch whorls are more pale than the rest of the shells. Inside of the aperture white.
Transcript
Conus abbai Poppe & Tagaro, 2011
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in IRSN Original Description
Published in: Visaya 3 (3), 83 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Solor Island, IndonesiaType Data: Holotype in IRSN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 34.5 x 16.4 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus nobilis Linnaeus, 1758Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Eugeniconus Species:-nobilis abbai formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-IndonesiaHabitat:-No DataDescription:-Source Original descriptionShells average in size or the group of Conus to which they belong (sensu Tucker & Tenorio 2009 Eugeniconus). The types measure between 33.7 and 52.1 mm in length. Last whorl.conical in shape, almost conoid-cylindrical. Shoulder carinate. Spire low, outline slightly concave. The apex projects from an almost flat spire. Larval shell of about two whorls, tilted. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, slightly concave in the later whorls, with pronounced axial threads. The last whorl with weak spira1 grooves near the siphonal canal. Base color of the shell is white, covered with a brown pattem that only leaves small tents white and with either a dark brown or purple fleck near the siphonal canal, well visible on the ventral side. The white tents are dispersed all over the shell but flock together in three denser zones, forming spiral bands of white dots, one below the shoulder, one at mid-whorl and near the siphonal canal. All shells have a dark brown zone on the shoulder and on top of the last whorllarge white flecks. In some specimens, bands with the typical victor pattern appear but not in black, only in dark brown. The upper teleoconch whorls are more pale than the rest of the shells. Inside of the aperture white.Discussion:-According to the description the new subspecies can be distinguished at once from all other subspecies of C. nobilis by the sparse and very small white tents on the brown background. In my opinion it is a mere form of the latter.
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Conus abbas Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:Picture Link: Neotype in MHNG Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul KerstenPicture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers., Vol. 1, p. 750Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Grandes IndesType Data: Neotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued Type Size: 60.5 x 33 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Cylinder Species:-abbas Synonyms:- grisea Dautzenberg, 1937Geographic Range:-S. India and Sri Lanka to Indonesia (Java, Bali)Habitat:-Shallow water to about 50 m; on coral reefs, often beneath coral boulders.Description:-Source Living ConidaeMedium-sized to large, moderately solid to solid; relative weight of similarly sized specimens may vary by 40 %. Last whorl ventricosely conical to ovate or slightly pyriform; outline convex at adapical third, less so below, and straight to slightly concave at base. Shoulder subangulate to angulate. Spire of low to moderate height, outline concave to nearly straight. Larval shell with a maximum diameter of 0.8-0.9 mm. First 3-6 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with 1-2 increasing to 6-12 (or more) weak spiral grooves. Last whorl with variably prominent spiral ribs near base; sometimes additional spiral striae from base to shoulder.Ground colour white to bluish grey, with axial blue streaks or flames on last whorl. Last whorl with a fine brown to violet- brown reticulate pattern, forming many small rhomboid and tentlike ground colour markings and sparse larger tents. Yellowish brown to brown blotches usually grouped in 2 or occasionally 3-4 spiral bands, interspersed with broad dark brown axial lines and sometimes also with finer spiral lines. Apex pinkish orange. Postnuclear sutural ramps matching last whorl in colour pattern; pattern often only of marginal dots in early whorls. Aperture white, occasionally bluish-white or cream deep within.Shell MorphometryL 40-84 mm RW 0.16-0.50 g/mm (L 40-76 mm) RD 0.56-0.68 PMD 0.72-0.85 RSH 0.11-0.15Discussion:-C. abbas resembles C. canonicus, C. textile and C. dalli. C. canonicus can be distinguished by its more straight-sided and usually conoid-cylindrical last whorl, its pink aperture, and by the small round instead of rhomboid markings of the last whorl pattern. In addition, C. canonicus lacks prominent marginal dots in its early postnuclear whorls.
Conus abbas johnabbasi Petuch & Berschauer, 2018
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in LACM
Published in: Festivus Vol. 50, Issue 1, p. 21-22, figs. 3, 12 A & BOcean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: off the coast of Pangandaran, Java Island, IndonesiaType Data: Holotype in LACM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 55 x 27.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Cylinder Species:-abbas ssp johnabbasiSynonyms:- Geographic Range:- At present, known only from Java and Bali Islands, Indonesia, but may be present on other neighboring Indonesian islands.Habitat:- The new subspecies lives on organicrich muddy black sand sea floors, in 10 - 12 m depths, near the mouths of silt-laden rivers.Description:-Shell of average size for genus, fusiform and elongated, inflated, with slightly convex sides;spire proportionally low, broadly subpyramidal; shoulder sharply-angled, edged with small, slightly-raised carina; body whorl smooth, with silky texture; body whorl white, completely overlaid with dense dark brown netted pattern, composed of interconnected 22 small triangles, ovals, and amorphous shapes; some larger amorphous nettings anastomosing into larger irregular shapes or into elongated longitudinal zig-zag patterns that extend for entire length of shell; 2 thin bands of small brown or tan patches extend around body whorl, with both arranged on either side of mid-body line; spire whorls white, covered with irregular zig-zag lines and scattered smallbrown patches; early whorls exserted, red-orange in color; aperture proportionally wide, white within.
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Conus abbotti Clench, 1942
Pictures:.Picture Link: Holotype in MCZ Alan Kohn
Published in: Johnsonia 1, p. 6. pl. 4, f. 2 & 3 Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Arthurstown, Cat Is., BahamasType Data: Holotype in MCZ deposited and catalogued Type Size: 42 x 25.3 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus jucundus Sowerby iii, 1887Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Purpuriconus Species:-jucundus abbotti formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Bahamas PlatformHabitat:-Shallow reefsDescription:-Source Cone Shells Walls 1979 C. jucundusModerate weight, thick, with good gloss in fresh specimens; pyriform or low conical, shoulder wide tapering strongly to base; broad spiral ridges basally sometimes granulose and extending posteriorly; spire low, sides straight, sometimes weakly stepped; spire whorls with large low indistinct coronations; body whorl red pink or pale red brown, occasionly olive dark brown; white spiral bands at base midbody shoulder, usually comprising white blotches containing brown spots and streaks; occasionally larger brown spots and axial flammules; spire with alternating blotches of white aand red brown suffused pink; aperture moderate uniform; outer lip convex, fragile; mouth fades violet to pinkish rose; columella not visible.C .j. fm. abbotti is largely white/pink with red brown dots forming axial flammules; has granulose ridges demarked with distinct spiral lines of brown dots.Discussion:-The shell somewhat resembles C. inconstans but the brown flecked white mid-body band is broader, the spire more concave and the body whorl more triangular in shape. (The body whorl of C. inconstans is often more turnip-shaped, the sides tapering to a narrow base).
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Conus abbreviatus Reeve, 1843
Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in NHMUK Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Conch. Icon., i., Conus, pl. 16, sp. 86Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Wahoo, Sandwich Islands, (Oahu, Hawaii)Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 34 x 22 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Miliariconus Species:-abbreviatus Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Hawaiian Archipelago; probably Fanning Is. and Enewetak, Marshall Islands.Habitat:-Abundant on intertidal benches and common on subtidal reef platforms, where size is larger; occurring mainly to 15 m, a few specimens have been dredged in 100 m (Kohn & Weaver, 1962). C. abbreviatus inhabits mainly sand and algal turf on reef limestone (Kohn, 1959 b). C. abbreviatus feeds exclusively on polychaetes, mainly Eunicidae and Nereidae.Description:-Source Living ConidaeSmall to medium-sized, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl usually broadly conical, outline variably convex. Shoulder angulate to rounded, tuberculate. Spire of low to moderate height,
outline straight to convex. Larval shell of about 4 whorls. Postnuclear spire whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with 2 increasing to 3-5 spiral grooves. Last whorl with weak to obsolete spiral ribs on basal third; in smaller specimens, followed by spaced punctate grooves up to shoulder.Ground colour bluish grey. Last whorl with 2-3 paler spiral bands, at shoulder, below centre and often within adapical third. Very fine brown or olive axial lines usually forming spiral bands above base, centrally and below pale subshoulder band. Variably spaced spiral rows of dark brown dots extending from base to shoulder. Teleoconch sutural ramps with inconspicuous brown dots or fine axial lines between tubercles. Aperture brownish violet, with pale bands below shoulder and at centre.Shell MorphometryL 20-58 mm RW 0.10-0.50 g/mm (L 18-45 mm) RD 0.70-0.83 PMD 0.83-0.92 RSH 0.09-0.22 Periostracum yellow, thin, and translucent.Foot pale brown; siphon pale brown, tinged with pink (Kohn, 1959a).Radular teeth with an adapical barb opposite a long narrow blade extending halfway down the shaft; serration occurs on the inner margin close to the apex; base with a spur (James, 1980).Discussion:-The endemic Hawaiian species C. abbreviatus is closely related to C. miliaris, which is not known from Hawaii and differs in its smaller maximum size (ca. 40 mm), variously granulose surface and intermittent white dashes usually present within the dotted brown lines around the last whorl, and in the colour pattern of its animal. In spite of a 30-day pelagic period observed both in C. miliaris and C. abbreviatus, and occasional dispersal of C. abbreviatus to the Marshall and Line Is., no intermediates between these two species are known.
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Conus abrolhosensis Petuch, 1987
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Alan Kohn Published in: New Carib. Moll. Faunas, p. 142, pl. 28, f. 7 & 8.Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Parcel das Paredes, Abrolhos Archipelago, Brazil; 20 mType Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 12 x 6 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: According to Filmer a synonym of Conus brasiliensis Clench, 1942Current Group Names:-Not appropriate for the name abrolhosensis
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Conus achatinus Gmelin, 1791
Pictures:Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Syst. Nat. 13th ed., Vol. 1, pt, p. 3386 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: American Ocean, (erroneous), corrected (C, M & W) Java, (Indonesia).Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Chemnitz (1788: Pl.142 fig.1317)Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Pionoconus Species:-achatinus Synonyms:- achatinus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792; ranunculus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792; Geographic Range:-Indian Ocean: Mozambique and Tanzania to W. Australia (absent from the Red Sea); W. Pacific: Philippines to Melanesia and N. and N.E. Australia.Habitat:-Intertidal and uppermost subtidal; inhabiting sand under rocks, coral rubble and crevices beneath corals. Reported to occur in mixed colonies with C. monachus in E. New Britain (Richards, 1989). C. achatinus is known to prey on small fishes (Kohn & Nybakken, 1975). Egg capsules (N. Australia) within the same cluster vary from 10 x7 mm to 12-13x6-7 mm; capsules of larger females measure 17x13 mm or 19x10 mm. Capsules attached individually to hard substrate.Description:-Source Living ConidaeMedium-sized to moderately large (usually larger in India than in the Pacific), moderately solid to solid (lightest specimens from N. Australia). Last whorl usually ventricosely conical; outline slightly to distinctly convex. Specimens from N. Australia with narrowest last whorls, specimens from Oman broadest. Aperture somewhat wider at base than near shoulder. Shoulder angulate to rounded. Spire of moderate height, outline slightly concave to slightly convex. Larval shell of about 2.5 whorls. About first 5-8 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with 2 increasing to 4-6 spiral grooves. Last whorl with variably spaced smooth to granulose spiral ribs at base, occasionally to shoulder.Ground colour white. Last whorl with large axial clouds of olive or orangish tan to blackish brown. Surface pattern emphasized by bordering blue-grey background clouds. In some subadult specimens, ground orange to red; reddish colouration may persist to the adult stage. Spiral rows of alternating dark and light coloured dots and dashes extend from base to shoulder, on spiral ribs where these occur, producing a pronounced lineate pattern. Some specimens highly speckled by scattered white flecks. Larval shell white in E. Africa and Oman, grey to pale brown in India and W. Thailand, grey to red or orange in the Philippines, translucent grey in W. Australia, grey to orange in N. Australia and pale reddish brown in the Solomon Islands. Teleoconch spire with radial markings, matching surface and background clouds of last whorl in colour; on early postnuclear sutural ramps, maculation often reduced to regularly set dots at outer margin. Aperture white to bluish grey.Shell Morphometry
L 40-82 mm RW 0.13-0.52 g/mm RD 0.54-0.69 (N. Australia 0.54-0.59, Oman 0.62-0.69, other localities 0.56-0.65) PMD 0.73-0.86 RSH 0.11-0.19Discussion:-The achatinus-complex has been revised by Monnier, Limpalaër & Robin in Xenophora Taxonomy 1, 2013.Pioconus arafurensis, Pioconus rouxi and Pioconus koukae are described as valid species; Pioconus Barbara and Pioconus vinctus were re-established as valid species; see there.
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Conus aculeiformis Reeve, 1844
Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in NHMUK Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, pl. 44, sp. 240Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Cagayan, Philippines.Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 38 x 15 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAEGenus:-Bathyconus Species:-aculeiformis Synonyms:- delicatus Schepman, 1913Geographic Range:-Indo-Pacific, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, SE India, S IndonesiaHabitat:-Offshore. In 50-100 m.Description:-Source Living ConidaeDescription: Moderately small to medium-sized, light. Last whorl narrowly conical, outline almost straight. Shoulder angulate to carinate, with a deep exhalent notch. Spire of moderate height, outline variably concave. Larval Shell of 3-3.5 whorls, maximum diameter 0.9-1 mm. Early postnuclear whorls often stepped. Teleoconch sutural ramps tlat to slightly concave, with 1-3 increasing to 2-5 partly fine spiral grooves. Last whorl with widely spaced, axially striate spiral grooves separating very flat ribbons and extending from base to shoulder.Ground colour cream or beige. Last whorl with spiral rows of brown squarish to rectangular spots on ribbons, often fused into an interrupted spiral band on each side of center. Teleoconch spire matching last whorl in pattern. larval whorls grey to beige. Postnuclear sutural ramps with connected brown radial blotches. Aperture pale brown, sometimes darker deep within.Shell Morphometry L 28-38 mm
Pictures:Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype Chemnitz (1788, pl. 140, fig. 1297)
Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers., Vol. 1, p. 688Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Red Sea Indian Ocean, mainly Amboina and the Moluccas, (Indonesia), (erroneous), corrected (C, M & W) Red Sea coast of North Yemen.Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Chemnitz (1788: Pl. 140 fig. 1297)Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym of Conus locumtenens Blumenbach, 1791Current Group Names:-Not appropriate for the name acuminatus
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Conus acutangulus Lamarck, 1810
Pictures:Picture Link: Neotype in MNHN Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Ann. du Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) xv, p. 286Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Mers des Grandes IndesType Data: Neotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 27 x 12.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Turriconus Species:-acutangulus Synonyms:- turriculatus Sowerby ii, 1866; gemmulatus Sowerby, 1870Geographic Range:-Indo-W PacificHabitat:-Usually in 3-100 m, adults sometimes in 0.5-5 m, juveniles sometimes as deep as 180
m. On coral or shell sand often mixed with coral rubble, on muddy sand and on fine shell rubble with seaweed .Description:-Source Living ConidaeSmall to medium-sized, light to moderately solid. Last whorl conical to broadly conical or slightly pyriform; outline nearly straight to slightly sigmoid. Shoulder angulate to carinate, smooth to tuberculate, with a deep exhalent notch. Spire usually high, outline variably concave. Larval shell of 3.5-4 whorls, maximum diameter of 0.8-0.9 mm. First 8-10 postnuclear whorls tuberculate, following whorls undulate to smooth. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with 0 increasing to 3-6 spiral grooves crossed by arcuate radial threads. Last whorl with strong spiral ribbons or ribs, separated by narrow to occasionally broad spiral grooves with strong axial threads.Ground colour white. Last whorl variably patterned with light to dark brown: Largely brown except for small scattered ground-colour blotches at shoulder and centre, or white flecked with brown, or white spirally spotted with brown, or all white. Larval whorls white. Spire variably streaked with brown. Aperture white.Shell Morphometry L 22-38 mm RW 0.04-0.13 g/mm RD 0.65-0.75 PMD 0.80-0.93 RSH 0.23-0.37Discussion:-C. acutangulus resembles C. milesi, C. praecellens, C. tuberculosus, and C. helgae. C. milesi is smaller (to 27 mm) and has a narrower last whorl (RD 0.49-0.59) and a paucispiral larval shell (1.75-2 whorls). C. praecellens is larger (to 63 mm) and differs in the absence of tubercles on its late postnuclear whorls, the greater number of spiral grooves on its late sutural ramps, and in the lower number of whorls of its larval shell (about 2.5 whorls).
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Conus acutimarginatus Sowerby ii, 1866
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Thes. Conch. iii, p. 328, pl. 27 (288), f. 640 & 641Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Florida, Mrs Tombe Taylor from type label. Subsequently designated Islas Chimanas, Estado Anzoategui, VenezuelaType Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 20.5 x 10.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Conus Species:-acutimarginatus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Brasil, Venezuela.Probably restricted to the beaches of eastern Venezuela and nearby archipelago.Habitat:-Found on muddy or sandy bottom at depths of 0 to 10 m.Description:-Source VinkA small shell, 15 to 20 mm, with a slightly convex body whorl and a not very high rather straight-sided spire. Tops of the whorls flat to slightly concave, shoulder of body whorl sharply angled. The outer lip widens anteriorly and is often slightly curved in the middle. Body whorl with regularly spaced grooves which in most specimens extended from the base to the shoulder. Very rarely some granulation can be noticed on the ridges between the grooves.Colour greyish white to purplish white with irregular axial patches of dark brown, also brown maculations on the spire. In some specimens narrow spiral lines of very faint white dashes can be distinguished.Discussion:-C. acutimarginatus could be confused with C. mindanus and C. pusio (which have a different coloration and only regularly spaced grooves near the base of the body whorl), C. pealii (which has a slightly higher, more stepped spire and an outer lip which does not widen anteriorly) and C. nodiferus (which often has distinct brown spots at the shoulder and a more narrow base). The relationship between C. acutimarginatus and C. nodiferus must be further investigated.
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Conus adami Wils, 1988
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in IRSN Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Gloria Maris xxvii, p. 83, illus., figs. 1-4 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Cape York, Northern AustraliaType Data: Holotype in IRSN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 71.7 x 49.6 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus trigonus Reeve, 1848Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Plicaustraconus Species:-trigonus adami formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Arafura Sea; Gulf of CarpentariaHabitat:-Deep water 80-150m.Intertidal to about 150 m; typical form to about 60 m, on muddy sand in intertidal habitats and on sand mixed with coral rubble in subtidal habitats.; form adami in 80-150 m in the Gulf of Carpentaria and in the Arafura Sea.Description:-Source Living Conidae.Medium-sized to large, moderately solid to solid: form adami lighter than typical form. Last whorl conical or ventricosely conical to broadly or broadly and ventricosely conical; outline
variably convex at adapical third to two-thirds, straight below. Basal part of columella with waist and weak plait posteriorly. Shoulder angulate; in form adami, shoulder carinate and outwardly curved. Spire low, particularly so in form adami; outline slightly concave to slightly convex or apex protruding from an otherwise flat spire. Larval shell of about 1.5 whorls, maximum diameter 1.6- 1.8 mm. Postnuclear spire whorls smooth, with a broadly carinate inner margin in form adami. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat or slightly concave, with 2-3 increasing to 5-12 spiral grooves that are separated by narrow but pronounced ribs. Last whorl usually with a few weak or strong ribs or ribbons at base; additional ribs may be present below shoulder and in some specimens these are followed by ribbons to base.Ground colour white. Last whorl with 2 continuous or interrupted yellowish to dark brown spiral bands, usually leaving ground-colour zones of varying width below shoulder, at centre and at base. Dotted or coarse solid brown spiral lines extend from base to shoulder, usually sparse or absent within white zones. Posterior white bands may be interspersed with brown axial markings. White shells intergrade with largely brown shells. In form adami, dark areas variably reduced, central ground-colour band often edged with brown flecks adapically. Larval whorls white or brownish orange. Teleoconch sutural ramps with brown radial markings, ranging from completely white to nearly solid brown. Aperture white.Shell Morphometry
RD 0.65-0.76 (-form adami 0.65-0.79) PMD 0.80-0.93 (- form adami 0.90-0.97) RSH 0.03-0.12 (- form adami 000-0.05)Discussion:- All characters of trigonus intergrade between the typical form and form adami; intermediate shells occur at various localities.
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Conorbis adamii Bozzetti, 1994
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: World Shells 9, 60 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Camotes, PhilippinesType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 18.5 x 8.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Genus:-Conorbis Species:-adamii Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-PhilippinesHabitat:-No DataDescription:-Source Original descriptionA biconical shell which is relatively high(40% of length), orthoconic at top and cyrtoconic anteriorly, the protoconch mammillate and smooth, of 2.25 whorls, teleconch of six whorls, the first with rounded profile, the others carinate just above suture. Sculpture of slanting angled ribs and spiral cording, plus in addition there is beaded microsculpture. Protoconch and early whorls white, later whorls straw yellow with reddish brown crescent shaped flammules. On body whorl there are three continuous bands of articulated reddish brown stripes, plus vertical streaks at growth lines.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus adamsonii Broderip, 1836
Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in NMWC Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 44Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: None; Type locality not known, designated (C, M &W) American Samoa.Type Data: Lectotype in NMWC deposited and catalogued Type Size: 45 x 26 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Textilia Species:-adamsonii Synonyms:- cingulatus Sowerby i, 1825; adamsoni Reeve, 1843; Geographic Range:-C & SW Pacific Coral Sea to French PolynesiaHabitat:-Intertidal to 60 m, on seaward sides of coral reefs and in lagoons, on large stretches or small pockets of sand (Hart, 1992).Description:-Source Living ConidaeMedium-sized, moderately solid to solid; Size varies with location. Last whorl ventricosely conical or conoid- cylindrical to ovate; outline variably convex adapically, less so (right side) or slightly concave (left side) toward base. Aperture wider at base than near shoulder. Shoulder subangulate to angulate. Spire low, outline straight to concave. First 5-6 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with a prominent subsutural ridge and 1 increasing to 3-6 spiral grooves. Last whorl with 7-13 well separated punctate spiral grooves on abapical third and 4-9 grooves below shoulder; ribbons between grade to ribs basally and sometimes at shoulder.Ground colour white, partially suffused with pink to purple. Last whorl with 3 rather broad spiral bands of confluent violet or brown nebulous flecks and tent-like spots, below shoulder, just above centre, and within abapical third, alternating with 3-4 rather narrow spiral zones of very
small brown to dark reddish or purplish brown triangular spots. Colour bands contain prominent to obsolete spiral rows of irregularly alternating white and brown dots and dashes. Larval whorls purple. Later postnuclear sutural ramps with purple or brown radial streaks and blotches, and with brown dots on subsutural ridge. Aperture yellow to orange within.Shell Morphometry L 35-56 mm RW 0.22-0.50 g/mm (L 35-44 mm) (L 35-44 mm) RD 0.58-0.68 PMD 0.72-0.83 RSH 0.03-0.08Discussion:-C. adamsonii is so distinctive that it cannot be confused with any of its congeners.
Published in: Ann. du Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) xv, p. 424Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West AfricaType Locality: SenegalType Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Adanson 1757, pl. 6, fig. 6Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym of Conus guinaicus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Not appropriate for the name adansonii
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Conus adenensis Smith, 1891
Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in NHMUK Mike FilmerPicture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 401, pl. 33, f. 1Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: AdenType Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 48 x 21.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Subspecies of Conus inscriptus Reeve, 1843Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Asprella Species:-inscriptus adenensis subsp.Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Natal, Somalia, AdenHabitat:-In 5-85 m, most frequently reported from 40-80 m, sometimes as deep as 150 m.Description:-Source Living Conidae C. inscriptusMedium-sized to moderately large, usually moderately solid to solid; shells from Mascarenes, Aden and Red Sea smaller than those from other areas. Last whorl ventricosely conical to conical; outline convex at adapical fourth to half, usually straight below; left side sometimes concave near base and convex at adapical two-thirds. Shoulder angulate to subangulate. Spire of low to moderate height, highest in shells from Somalia to Mozambique; outline concave to straight, most frequently straight and sometimes with stepped whorls in E. African shells. In specimens from Mozambique, larval shell of about 3 whorls, maximum diameter 0.7- 0.8 mm; in specimens from W. Thailand, larval shell of about 1.75 whorls, maximum diameter also 0.7-0.8 mm. First 2-4 postriuclear whorls weakly to distinctly tuberculate, sometimes only first whorl with obsolete tuberculation. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to moderately concave, with 1 increasing to 3-8 spiral grooves, often additional spiral striae in latest whorls; on shoulder ramp, spiral sculpture sometimes consists of 13-15 fine and nearly equal spiral grooves. Last whorl with widely spaced, weak to pronounced spiral grooves separated by ribbons on basal third to two-thirds; anteriorly, grooves are wide, often contain spiral threads or fine ribs, and are separated by narrow ribbons or ribs; in E. African specimens, ribbons may have fine to coarse granules at adapical edge.Ground colour white to beige or pale orange. Last whorl with spiral rows of brown or orange dots, spots, bars or axial streaks, fusing into axial flames and blotches and forming interrupted spiral bands below shoulder and within adapical and abapical thirds. Subshoulder band usually less prominent than anterior bands, sometimes absent. Larval whorls white to beige, adjacent 2 postnuclear sutural ramps of same colour. Following sutural ramps with radial lines to blotches, usually extending over outer margins, matching last whorl pattern in colour. White shells without any pattern remnants occur in the eastern part of the range. Aperture white, beige to orange, pinkish or bluish violet, or pink; in E. African shells, coloured area often with a darker collabral band.C. adenensis refers to E. African C. inscriptus, ranging from Natal as far north as Somalia. It is characterized by a somewhat higher spire (RSH 0.13- 0.23), a comparatively narrow last whorl (RD 0.52-0.59), and a pink or orange aperture that grades to violet toward southern E. Africa. Richard (1990) considered C. adenensis a valid species. In our opinion, the differences are not sufficient to merit distinction at the species level, and RKK provisionally consider C. i. adenensis a subspecies occurring along the East African coast. C. i. adenensis East Africa; Narrow more elongate, shoulder roundly angled; spire higher; pale tan to yellowish tan markings leaving large white areas; mouth white with pink orange grading to violet in southDiscussion:-No Data
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Conus admirationis Poppe & Tagaro, 2015
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype Guido Poppe
Published in: Visaya, Vol., 4 No. 4 – November, 2015Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Philippines, Sulu IslandType Data: Holotype will be given to a Philippine institution in due time Type Size: 59.6 x 25.7 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid species, only known from the holotypeCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Asprella Species:-admirationisSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Sulu, PhilippinesHabitat:-Only known from the type locality; probable depth about 15 to 30 mDescription:-Original descriptionModerately large, moderately solid. The shape is narrowly conoid-cylindrical. The outline of the last whorl slightly convex. The shape of aperture is wider at the base than near the shoulder. The shoulder is is angulate and smooth. The outline of the spire is concave. The protoconch shows 10 whorls. The teleoconch whorls have well defined teleoconch sutural ramps with spiral groves of different width. The spiral grooves are alternating deep and shallow, resulting in a strange sculpture in which one sees 18 strong grooves with each time a deep groove in between.Protoconch and top whorls are white with a pastel shine of orange and pink. The colors become more pronounced near the shoulder. The base color of the body whorl is white and this covered with irregular pale orange and pink flecks. There are two pale bands on the lower half of the body whorl, separated by a quite narrow darker band. The inside of the aperture is white. Shell Morphometry L 59.6 RD 0.49 PMD 0.86 RSH 0.12Discussion:-C. admirationisis similar to C. oishii shape. The latter species differs in size and has a less angulated shoulder.
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Conus advertex Garrard, 1961
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in AMS Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: J. Malacol. Soc. Aust., no. 5, p. 30, pl. 1, f. 1Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Off Moreton Is., Queensland, Australia; 80 fathoms
Type Data: Holotype in AMS deposited and catalogued Type Size: 30 x 19 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Now regarded as a valid species; seen as asynonym form of Conus angasi Tryon, 1884 for a long time.Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Plicaustraconus Species:-angasi advertex formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-S Queensland, Australia; New South WalesHabitat:-Deep Water. Form advertex is reported from sand bottom and seems to have a more limited bathymetric range (120-200 m).Description:-Source Living Conidae C. angasiModerately small to medium-sized, moderately light to moderately solid; form advertex (Pl. 60, Figs. 19, 20) of smaller maximum size than typical form (Pl. 60, Figs. 16-18). Last whorl conical or ventricosely conical to broadly conical or broadly and ventricosely conical, form advertex often broader than typical form; outline convex at adapical third, straight below. Basal part of columella with a strong dentiform plait at its posterior end. Shoulder angulate, subangulate in large specimens. Spire low and usually with concave outline in form advertex, of low to moderate height and usually with slightly sigmoid outline in typical form. Larval shell of 1.75-2 whorls, maximum diameter 1.1-1.3 mm. Teleoconch sutural ramps almost flat, with 1-2 increasing to 4-8 spiral grooves, with additional spiral striae in latest whorls. Last whorl with rather closely spaced spiral ribs at base.Ground colour white to pale pink. Last whorl with pinkish to light brown spiral bands below shoulder, above centre and within basal third. Spiral rows of brown dots, dashes, spots and bars extending from base to shoulder, usually concentrated and partially fused near and within the spiral colour bands. Larval whorls white. Postnuclear sutural ramps with brown radial streaks usually extending beyond outer margins. Aperture white, tinged with cream and pink deep within.Shell Morphometry L 30-46 mm (form advertex 27 - 37 mm) RW 0.08-0.20 g/mm (L 27-46 mm) (L 27-46 mm) RD 0.65-0.71 (form advertex 0.66 - 0.75) PMD 0.77-0.89 (form advertex 0.81 - 0.90) RSH 0.08-0.19 (form advertex 0.01 - 0.09)Discussion:-The conchological differences between C. angasi and C. advertex do not justify separation at the species level. Because they occur sympatrically, C. advertex should be provisionally considered a form of C. angasi (see Walls, [1979]; Coomans et al., 1979b; Richard, 1990).
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Conus aegrotus Reeve, 1849
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, Suppl., pl. v, sp. 250Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: designated (C, M & W) West Negros, PhilippinesType Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 49.5 x 27 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus furvus Reeve, 1843Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Calibanus Species:-furvus aegrotus formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Sulu Sea, PhilippinesHabitat:-From infralittoral fringe to about 60 m; on sandDescription:-Source Living Conidae C. furvus-C. aegrotus : With dotted spiral lines on white ground. Discussion:-No Data
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Conus aemulus Reeve, 1844
Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, pl. 46, f. 256Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West AfricaType Locality: Mussulo Bay, AngolaType Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 34 x 19 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Varioconus Species:-aemulus Synonyms:- tamsianus Dunker, 1855Geographic Range:-AngolaHabitat:-Shallow waterDescription:-Source:Walls
Light in weight, with a low gloss; conical with a moderate spire and narrow body whorl with straight sides; a few weak ridges basally; shoulder rounded ;spire bluntly pointed, early whorls eroded, sides straight; body whorl bluish white to pale grey with spiral lines of alternating white and brown spots separated by bluish background; white spots fuse to triangles sometimes; often interrupted brown bands form ;basal area usually heavy pattern of brown spiral dashes and axial blotches; shoulder with bluish white elongate blotches running onto spire; spire marked as shoulder, often eroded; aperture moderately wide basally, narrow posteriorly; outer lip thin curved; mouth white then brown band then deep brown violet;Lots of variation in pattern, at one extreme bluish shells covered with numerous brown and white spiral dashes and some brown blotches; blotches fuse spiral or axiallySource Iconography:Shell of medium size, moderately light, the last whorl broadly and ventricosely conical, shoulder subangulated. Outline convex at adapical half and straight below. Spire moderately high. Sutural ramps flat to slightly concave with fine axial growth lines. Last whorl smooth and dull with a few grooves at base.Ground colour of the shell bluish white, with brown bands of different width at shoulder, above center and at base and with numerous spiral rows of brown dots, often alternating with white dashes or dots; some specimens are uniformly brown and even bluish specimens occur. Aperture white to light violet.Discussion:-Similar to C. guinaicus but C. aemulus has a smooth spire, straight shell profile and colour pattern including white spiral lines with brown dots.C. hybridus is a narrower, lighter shell from Senegal.
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Conus aequipunctatus Dautzenberg, 1937
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in IRSN Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Mem. Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belg. ii, fasc. 18, p. 31, pl. I, f. 2Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: designated (C, M & W) Red Sea coast at Jeddah, (Saudi Arabia)Type Data: Holotype in IRSN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 53.3 x 29.6 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus arenatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Puncticulis Species:-arenatus aequipunctata formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Red Sea, Gulf AdenHabitat:-Intertidal to about 30 m, living almost exclusively in sand. Mainly on wide stretches of sand on intertidal to shallow-subtidal reef flats; occasionally also in rubble mixed with sand, in mud among mangroves or on heterogeneous reef substrate
Description:-Source Living Conidae C. arenatus.Medium-sized to large, moderately solid to moderately heavy; maximum size smaller in eastern populations. Last whorl usually ventricosely conical in eastern populations, conical to sometimes broadly conical in the W. Indian Ocean; outline convex, sometimes straight centrally. Siphonal fasciole distinct, occasionally separated from basal zone by an incision. Shoulder subangulate to rounded, weakly to strongly tuberculate. Spire of low to moderate height, outline straight to moderately convex. Postnuclear spire whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps concave, with 1 increasing to 4-6 spiral grooves. Last whorl with weak spiral ribs at base; in subadults and small adults, ribs may be granulose and extend to shoulder.Ground colour white. Last whorl with spiral rows of brown or black dots, clustered in 2-3 interrupted spiral bands or in axial zigzag flames; dotted areas often with underlying grey shadows, most conspicuous within spiral bands. Opaque white dashes often irregularly alternating with dark dots. Larval whorls white. Teleoconch sutural ramps variably maculated with axial clusters of brown and black dots. Aperture white, brown or pinkish orange deeper within.Shell Morphometry L 35-67 mm (eastern populations; 35-90 mm W. Indian Ocean populations) RW 0.20-1.10 g/mm RD 0.60-0.72 PMD 0.75-0.85 (eastern populations; 0.84 - 0.89 W. Indian Ocean populations) RSH 0.08-0.19Discussion:-Coomans et al. recognize 3 geographical subspecies: C. a. arenatus (Indonesia and Pacific); C. a. aequipunctatus (Red Sea; Gulf of Aden) and C. a. bizona (Kenya to Thailand). However, the pattern differences between the two western subspecies are not constant. Although C. a. bizona was described as having two bands and C. a. aequipunctatus as having three, the third band is incomplete or lacking in some specimens from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, and it is present in some specimens from Sri Lanka. As noted above, W. Indian Ocean shells differ in size and shape from those farther east.
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 19, 2018; p. 49 & 50; fig. 27; Pl. 1 on p. 67, fig. 1-8Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Sainte Luce< South East Madagascar, 187-209 mType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 44.2 x 16.8 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Turriconus Species:-aequiquadratusSynonyms:- Geographic Range:-Madagascar and MascarenesHabitat:-in 100-300 mDescription:-Source Living ConidaeShell medium-sized to moderately large, biconical with a very high spire of straight or slightly concave profile. Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly concave with radial threads and about 5 to 6 spiral striae and rather broad grooves. 14 whorls present in adult specimens. Early postnuclear whorls slightly tuberculate. Shoulder angulate. Aperture narrow and uniform in width. The last whorl of subadult shells sculptured with abou 20 flat broad ribbons. These ribbons fade and become obsolete in adult specimens, which exhibit a smoother surface. Ground color white. Pattern of the last whorl with about 20 to 22 spiral rows of very close square brown dots regularly spaced on the white background. These square dots are also aligned axially. Two bands on the last whorl have a slightly higher density of spiral dots giving a darker appearance. The spire is patterned with regularly spacved spots on the shoulder of each whorl and with irregular flames arranged axially.
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Conus africanus Kiener, 1845
Pictures:Picture Link: Representation Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. pl. 104, f. 2Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. 2, p. 260, pl. 104, f. 2 Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West AfricaType Locality: Coast of GuineaType Data: There is a cited figure : Spec. Gen. Icon. des Coq. Viv. pl. 104, f. 2Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Varioconus Species:-africanus Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-AngolaHabitat:-Sand near rocksDescription:-Source Rolán and Röckel, 2000Small, moderately light to moderately solid. Last whorl broadly and ventricosely conical to broadly ovate, outline convex at adapical third, slightly concave; near base. Aperture moderate. Shoulder rounded. Spire of low to moderate height, outline straight to slightly convex. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to convex, with fine spiral striae. Last whorl almost smooth and dull, with about 10 weak spiral grooves near base.
Ground colour white. Last whorl and spire with dark brown blotches and streaks turning into bands and dashes. Aperture white, occasionally with a brown fleck deep inside.Shell morphometry:L 17-25 mm (holotype: 30 mm)RD 0.65-0.72RSH 0.0.11-0.18PMD 0.70-0.75Source IconographyThe shell is small, moderately high and moderately solid, the last whorl is broadly and ventricosely conical to ovate, shoulder rounded. Outline convex at adapical third, near base. Spire low to moderately high, straight to slightly convex. Sutural ramps flat to convex, with fine spiral striae. Last whorl smooth and dull, with about 10 spiral grooves at base.Ground colour of the shell is white, with dark brown blotches and streaks turning into bars and dashes. Aperture white.Discussion:-Similar in shape, size to C. bulbus but that has a pattern of axial streaks without any spiral bands. The colour pattern and white aperture separate it from C. variegatus.
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Conus agassizii Dall, 1886
Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in USNM Mike FilmerPicture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. xii, no. 6, pl. 9, f. 8 & 8aOcean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Off St. Croix, Virgin Is.Type Data: Lectotype in USNM deposited and catalogued Type Size: 24.4 x 11. 3mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Subspecies of Conus mindanus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONILITHIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAEGenus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-mindanus agassizii subsp.Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-A deepwater species occurring in the Eastern Caribbean and off Brazil with records from off St. Croix, off Barbados and off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Habitat:-Dredged from sand and shell gravel-rubble bottoms at depths of 50 to 250 m.Description:-Source VinkA moderately heavy shell, 25 to 35 mm (up to 55 mm in specimens from Bermuda) with slightly convex sides of the body whorl and a typical outline of the spire, i.e. strongly concave whorls, while the spire itself is rather straight and producing an angle of 80 to 90deg. Shoulder angled, usually concave above, body whorl with about 10 rather deeply incised spiral lines near the base. In juvenile specimens the grooves may extend to the shoulder. Aperture widened anteriorly. Nucleus: 1.5 whorls, mamillate, early whorls less concave than later whorls, smooth. There are
pustulouse forms of C. mindanus which usually have a nodulous shoulder of the body whorl and of one or two penultimate whorls. Also in smooth specimens the shoulder of the body whorl may be somewhat undulate or close to coronate.C. mindanus agassizii differs from typical C. mindanus in being a less heavy, somewhat larger, and more slender shell. The outer lip is often slightly concave at midbody. Typical specimens from Barbados have a beautiful pink background with darker pink and yellow maculations and with spiral rows of predominantly milk-white dashes. Dead collected specimens from Mustique are white with spiral rows of milk-white dashes. Specimens from Brazil are larger (up to 50 mm) with often brownish maculations and more prominent reddish brown dashes.Discussion:-The shells that are commonly offered as this subspecies are wrongly identified. The real agassizii is a Caribbean shell; the shells from Brazil that are on the market as such are different. Some authors believe they deserve a new name.See here: link
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Conus agulhasi Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1980
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in Naturalis, Leiden Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Basteria 44, p. 20, f. 68 a-bOcean geography: South AfricaType Locality: Cape Agulhas, South Africa; under rocks and mud at 60 mType Data: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 23.4 x 11.6 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis agulhasi formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Agulhas, South AfricaHabitat:-Under rocks and mudDescription:-Source IconograhySmall to moderately small-sized shell (15-30 mm). ). Very similar to C. a. algoensis Ground colour of the shell is white, with a bluish or pinkish shade. Pattern reduced to a broad spiral brown band below the shoulder. Basal region stained with brown, occasionally in form of diffuse axial flecks. Spire white, patternless but sometimes with traces of a brown colour immediately above the suture.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus aito Rabiller & Richard, 2014
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Michael Rabiller
Published in: Xenophora Taxonomy 5; P. 37–38, Pl. 5, fig. 1-4 & 7-12Ocean geography: French PolynesiaType Locality: Niau AtollType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 57,5 x 22,4 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Asprella Species:-aitoSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Society Archipelago (Island of Tahiti) and Tuamotu Archipelago ( Kaukura, Tikehau & Niau atolls)Habitat:-Collected dead in depths going from 300 down to 600 mDescription:-Original DescriptionA medium sized to moderately large and solid shell, with anarrowly conoid-cylindrical shape topped by a straight sided spire of moderate to elevated height. Although being the best preserved, the holotype’s protoconch is too much damaged to determine with certainty whether or not development is multi-spiral or paucispiral. Based on the aspect of the damaged earlier whorl being flatter along a light, disjunct axis, it appears to us the protoconch is probably paucispiral. Base of the protoconch appears smooth and a white to grayish-white color. The seven post-nuclear whorls are strongly tuberculate, with a flat sutural ramp bearing four spiral grooves. Its color is white with thin, axial yellow strips. The straight-sided spire, of relatively elevated height, on the holotype has 12 whorls. Along each of its whorls, the spire shows a deep and wide suture with a flat to slightly concave sutural ramp ornamented with four spiral grooves, accentuated with a kind of sub-sutural ride along their base. Strongly tuberculate towards the protoconch, the late teleoconch becomes increasingly smooth. If tubercles don’t disappear on the late whorls, yellow strips become increasingly visible. The shoulder is angulate and weakly nodulose. The body whorl shows a narrowly conoid-cylindrical shape. It presents straight edges from the anterior end to shoulder. Spiral grooves on the entire body whorl are very thin. Encircling spaced-out lines are more and more frequent and visible toward the base of the shell. The basic tint of the body whorl is a glossy ivory. It is ornamented with numerous interrupted, dark-yellow axial lines. The highest density of coloured axial lines makes up two spiral bands, situated on each side of the body whorl center. The pale lilac aperture is slightly wider at base. The anal canal is quite large, channeled and lightly separated from the glacis of the sutural ramp.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus akabensis Sowerby iii, 1887
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Thes. Conch. V, 2nd suppl., p. 273, pl. 36 (512*), f. 75 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Akaba, Red Sea.Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 44 x 23 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus quercinus [Lightfoot], 1786Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Calamiconus Species:-quercinus akabensis formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Red SeaHabitat:-Subtidal, to more than 70 m.Description:-Source Living ConidaeC. q. akabensis from Red Sea, retain high spire and slender body and are completely white without patternDiscussion:-No Data
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Conus alabaster Reeve, 1849
Pictures:Picture Link: Neotype in NHMUK Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus, Suppl., pl. 5, sp. 257Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: China SeasType Data: Neotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 27 x 13.3 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Phasmoconus Species:-alabaster Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-W Indonesia; S Sulu SeaHabitat:-Offshore 20-50 mDescription:-Source Living ConidaeModerately small to medium-sized, usually moderately solid. Last whorl ventricosely conical to conical; outline variably convex adapically, less so to straight below; left side constricted at base or concave basally. Siphonal fasciole may be prominent and basal part of columella deflected to
left. Shoulder sharply angulate to slightly carinate. Spire of low to moderate height; outline deeply concave, rather flat in late whorls. Larval shell of 2 whorls, maximum diameter 0.7-0.9 mm. First 3- 6 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with 0-1 increasing to 5-6 spiral grooves. Last whorl with rather widely spaced, narrow and sometimes finely granulose major spiral ribs; interspaces with axial threads crossing spiral threads and sometimes 1-2 additional minor spiral ribs.Ground colour white. Last whorl immaculate, sometimes with sparse light brown axial lines or streaks adapically. Larval whorls white. Teleoconch spire immaculate, sometimes with small light brown radial markings. Aperture white.Shell Morphometry L 27-41 mm RW 0.09-0.15 g/mm RD 0.52-0.58 PMD 0.82-0.87 RSH 0.10-0.14Discussion:-C. alabaster is similar to C. mucronatus, C. asiaticus, and C. sculpturatusC. alabaster differs from C. mucronatus in having a lower spire (RSH 0.10-0.14) that is rather flat in the latest whorls, and in more prominent spiral sculpture on the last whorl, consisting of narrow ribs rather than broad ribbons: its surface is usually immaculate white. Sometimes with small radial marking.C. alabaster has a lower spire (RSH 0.10-0.14) than C. asiaticus with a more concave outline that is rather flat in the late whorls; the spiral elevations on the last whorl are narrower and the color pattern lacks the brown axial streaks.
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Conus alainallaryi Bozzetti & Monnier, 2009
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Eric Monnier Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Malacologica 65, 5 Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Isla Tortuguilla, ColombiaType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 33 x 16 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Purpuriconus Species:-alainallaryi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-E. ColombiaHabitat:-No DataDescription:-Source Original Description
Profile conical, spire low with straight outline, shoulder subangulate, body whorl straight on right side of apertural view, slightly sigmoid at left side. Background colour deep orange with a wide, light grey/withish spiral band in the central area, irregularly bordered by brown flammulae/blotches: 2 similar, spiral lines of brownish dots concentrated on the central band and oddly on the remainder of body whorl walls. Apex and first teleoconch ramp whitish, following ones with articulate pattern of white and orange or brown blotches. Inside of outer lip light orange, inside of aperture lilac-violet with lighter spiral bands corresponding to external ones.Discussion:-The spire of C. kulkulcan is smaller , thicker and lighter. Its spire is more convex and has 11-14 knobs per whorl with an strongly coronate shoulder.It has aless glossy surface and much more variable colour pattern.C. rosalindensis is smaller, thicker and less elongate, with lower spire and coronate shoulder.
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Conus albellus Röckel & Korn, 1990
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in AMS Mike Filmer
Published in: Acta Conchyliorum Nr. 2, p. 11, pl. 3, f. 1-5, pl. 4, f. 1-7, pl. 1 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: SE Swain Reefs, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia.Type Data: Holotype in AMS deposited and catalogued Type Size: 42.6 x 22.3 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus limpusi Röckel & Korn, 1990Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Asprella Species:-limpusi albellus formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-QueenslandHabitat:-form albellus was dredged from blue-grey mud and shell substrate.Description:-Source Living ConidaeModerately small to medium-sized, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl conical to ventricosely conical, outline convex adapically and less so to straight toward base; left side constricted just above base. In form albellus (Pl. 58, Figs. 13-15), last whorl generally less ventricose and more straight-sided than in typical form. Shoulder angulate, sometimes subangulate in large specimens. Spire of low to moderate height, generally higher in typical form than in form albellus; outline concave to almost straight. Larval shell of 1.75-2 whorls, maximum diameter 1.2-1.3 mm. First 2-7 postnuclear whorls tuberculate; in similarly sized specimens, typical form with slightly more postnuclear whorls than form albellus (L 45 mm: ca. 9.25 vs. ca. 8.5 whorls). Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 1-2 increasing to 4-7 spiral grooves. Last whorl with spiral ribs, ribbons and threads extending from base to shoulder in variable sequence; grooves between axially striate, wider towards base.In form albellus, sculpture of last whorl usually less prominent, with ribs concentrated near base and below shoulder and ribbons between; large specimens sometimes nearly smooth adapically.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with brown spots, streaks, flames and blotches fusing into 3 interrupted to solid spiral bands, just below shoulder and above as well as below centre; specimens of typical form may have additional spiral rows of small brown spots and narrow bars. Shells nearly without any pattern elements intergrade with shells that have almost solid brown last whorls. In form albellus, pattern elements usually sparse and less prominent than in typical form, white shells more frequent. Larval whorls white. Postnuclear sutural ramps with brown radial markings partially extending beyond outer margins and matching last whorl pattern in prominence. Aperture white.Shell Morphometry L 30-55 mm RW 0.11-0.37 g/mm RD 0.55 - 0.66 form albellusPMD 0.80-0.88 RSH 0.07 - 0.16 form albellusForm C. l. albellus higher spire, body sculpture less prominent; some flat areas; pattern less prominent, some white shells
Discussion:-No Data
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Conus albicans Sowerby ii, 1857
Pictures:Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Thes. Conch. Iii, p. 3, pl. 5 (191), f. 98Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: NoneType Data: There is no known specimenNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus furvus Reeve, 1843Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Calibanus Species:-furvus albicans formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Indonesia, PhilippinesHabitat:-From infralittoral fringe to about 60 m; on sandDescription:-Source Living Conidae C. furvus-C. albicans : Last whorl conical. Shoulder often distinctly tuberculate. Colour white, except for violet base; with sparse remnants of spirally aligned dots on last whorl. According to RKK form albicans may be considered a subspecies from N. Indonesia and Palawan, S.W. Philippines.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus albobrunneus Bozzetti, 2017
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN L. Bozzetti
Published in: Malacologia 97, p. 50 & 51, with picturesOcean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Southeastern IndiaType Data: Lectotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 24.16 x 15 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A synonym of eucoronatus Sowerby iii, 1903Current Group Names:-Family:-CONILITIDAE SubFamily:-CONILITHINAEGenus:-Conaspella Species:-albobrunneaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-IndiaHabitat:-In 100-400 m, on sand and mud.Description:- Shell medium sized for its genus, 24.16-27.97 mm, last whorl conical, outline sigmoid, gradually constrlcted at basal third. Shoulder angulate, covered by thick rounded tubercles. Spire moderately heigh, stepped with a straight outline. Embrionic whorl missing, visible 3 remaining protoconch whorls, smooth, with a maximum diameter of 1.5mm. Teleoconch made up of 6-7 whoris with concave profile, present in the middle of the sutural ramp a thin spiral cord crossed by thick radial opistocyrt threads. Last whorl covered by strongly tuberculate spiral ribs. Background color white, light brown blotches arranged in three discontinuous bands, under the shoulder, at the middle and at the base. Periostracum, operculum and soft parts unknown.
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Conus albonerosa Garrard, 1966
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in AMS Mike Filmer
Published in: J. Malacol. Soc. Aust. no. 10, p. 11, pl. 1, f. 1Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Off Wide Bay, Queensland, Australia; 35 fathoms.Type Data: Holotype in AMS deposited and catalogued Type Size: 110 x 62 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym form of Conus quercinus [Lightfoot], 1786Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Calamiconus Species:-quercinus albonerosa forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Australia, PhilippinesHabitat:-Subtidal, to more than 70 m.Description:-Source Living ConidaeC. albonerosa white shells from Queensland, Solomons, New Guinea missing spiral grooves on whorls.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus albuquerquei Trovao, 1978
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in CPAS A. Monteiro Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio & Emilio Rolán
Published in: Bol. Cent. Port. Activ. Subaq. ser. IV-N-4, p. 11, pl. I, f. 1-1b, pl. II, f. 2-2a, pl. Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West AfricaType Locality: Angola (between 13deg 26' S. 12deg 30' S); 4-10 mType Data: Holotype in CPAS deposited and catalogued Type Size: 12.7 x 7.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Varioconus Species:-albuquerquei Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Angola, only found in Santa MariaHabitat:-On stones, between 4-10 m, on sandy bottom; buried in sand intertidal to as deep as 3 m, under large rocks.Description:-Source Rolán & Röckel, 2000Shell description: Very small to small, light to moderately light. Last whorl ovate to ventricosely conical, outline convex at ad apical third, almost straight or slightly sigmoid below. Left side concave at base. Shoulder rounded, spire low to moderate, outline straight, convex or sigmoid. Teleoconch sutural ramps Colour dark to blackish brown, with axial white bars and streaks, sometimes with short spiral dashes, usually forming a broad spiral band at centre. Bars and streaks may change into rl)ore numerous axial white streaks. Irregular white spots at shoulder and base. Periostracum smooth and translucentShell morphometry:L 12-17 mmRD 0.68.0.74RSH 0.10.-0.16PMD 0.71-0.77
RW 0.04-0.06 g/mmDiscussion:-C. albuquerquei is similar to C. nobrei. The shell morphometry is identical, and also the radula teeth are not significantly different. Most different is the shell-pattern, but the population of Canoco seems to be an intergradation of both patterns. Therefore we can only provisionally accept separation of these species.
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Conus albus Sowerby iii, 1887
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Published in: Thes. Conch. v 2nd suppl., p. 274, pl. 36 (512*), f. 76 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Not known.Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size : 48 x 25 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus furvus Reeve, 1843Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Calibanus Species:-furvus albus formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Habitat:-From infralittoral fringe to about 60 m; on sandDescription:-Source Living Conidae C. furvusDiscussion:-No Data
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Conus alconnelli da Motta, 1986
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Publ. Ocas. Soc. Port. Malac. no. 7, p. 5, f. 2 a. & bOcean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Richard Bay to Park Rynie, South Africa; dredged in 55 fathomsType Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued Type Size: 61.5 x 29.5 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Kioconus Species:-alconnelli Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-E. Africa - Oman; MascarenesHabitat:-Inhabits zone of sand and sponges along the inner continental shelf.Description:-Shell medium-sized to moderately large ( 40-90 mm). Conical shape with an angulate shoulder and a spire of low to moderate height, outline straight to sigmoid or concave. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 5-6 spiral grooves. The last whorl has a distinct yellow or pale cream colour, sometimes with brown axial dashes on the shoulder, which has a distinctly lighter colour. The spire is patternless, mostly white, eventually suffused with yellow. Aperture white to pale yellow.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus alexandrei Limpalaër & Monnier, 2012
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Eric Monnier Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Visaya 3 (5), 21 Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Aliguay Island, North of Mindanao, Philippines, (50 - 250 mtrs)Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 34.4 x 17.7 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Genus:-Phasmoconus Species:-alexandrei Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Philippines, Fiji, VanuatuHabitat:-Found at depths of 50-250 mDescription:-Source Original DescriptionThe ground color of the shell is pinkish with a white band in the middle of the last whorl and at the base. There are also axial orange blurred flammules on the last whorl leaving a paler zone in the middle. The pattern is made of fifteen to eighteen orange brown spiral lines of dashes as wide as the low ribbons. Some of these contain white dots. This last character is more often seen in bigger shells. The spire is white with orange brown blotches irregularly scattered.Discussion:-----------
Conus alexandremonteiroi Cossignani, 2014
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in SBMNH Original Description
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Malacologia, p. 9 Ocean geography: West Atlantic and CaribbeanType Locality: Cayos Miskitos, arcipelago in prossimità dellacosta nord-orientale del NicaraguaType Data: Holotype in MMM, Cupra Marittima Type Size: 18,09 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid species or a synonym (juvenile specimen) of Conus cerutttii Cargile, 1997Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Gradiconus Species:-ceruttii f. alexandremonteiroi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-E. Nicaragua, HondurasHabitat:- Description:-Source Original description MalacologiaElongated shell small, covertly cylindrical mandrel, smooth, almost marble, with a ten spiral grooves in the anterior end. The first laps are nodulose, but there is a gentle stair stepping, anterior notch absent, the protoconch is paucispirale.Discussion:-
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Conus alfi Thach, 2016
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in Naturalis Center of Biodiversity, Leiden Dr. Thach
Published in: Vietnamese New Mollusks. No. 13 & 236 to 238Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: off Phan Rang area, Ninh Thuận Province, Central VietnamType Data: Lectotype in NCBL deposited and catalogued Type Size: 70.3 mmNomenclature: An available NameTaxonomy: A synonym of Conus planorbis vitulinus Hwass, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Vituliconus Species:-planorbis vitulinus f. alfiSynonyms: Geographic Range:-VietnamHabitat:- Sand near rocksDescription:-Original DescriptionShell large for the genus robust and moderately heavy with ventricosely conical body whorl. Spire low with slightly concave outline. Shoulder angulate. Teleconch sutural ramp concave with
four spiral grooves crossing fine oblique radial riblets (grooves are obsolete at last spire whorl). Body whorl elongate occupying 95.7% of shell length with largest diameter 40.2mm and outline straight at left side, slightly concave at right side of aperture. Outer surface ornamented with dark brown radial stripes at spire and many brown dots arranged into spiral band at anterior 1/3 of body whorl. Sculpture consists of fine axial grooves crossing spiral riblets, forming weak reticulate appearance that is well visible at left dorsum of body whorl. Strong raised granulose spiral ribs present at ¼ anterior body whorl. Base sculptured with three prominent spiral ribs. Aperture elongate and widening anteriorly, outer lip thick. Color orange brown with white wavy axial stripes at purple base, a white spiral band below shoulder and another narrower white spiral band at ¼ anterior body whorl.Discussion:-A gerontic specimen of Conus planorbis vitulinus Hwass, 1792
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Conus algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834
Pictures:Picture Link: Lectotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul KerstenPicture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Conch. Illus., pt. 54, f. 66Ocean geography: South AfricaType Locality: Table Bay, S. Africa (Kilburn, 1971)Type Data: Lectotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 30 x 14 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis Synonyms:- scitulus Reeve, 1849; simplex Sowerby ii, 1858; agulhasi Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1980Geographic Range:-Saldanha - Cape Peninsula, RSAHabitat:-Intertidal to over 50 m depthDescription:-Source IconographyModerately small to medium-sized (20-45 mm) shell. Last whorl ventricosely conical, with a subangulate shoulder. Spire moderate to high, often stepped, with a straight or slightly sigmoid profile and a prominent white protoconch. Slightly concave teleoconch sutural ramps with radial arcuate threads, and also with 3-5 very faint, obsolete spiral striae often present. Last whorl with spiral ribs on basal third, stronger towards the base. Ground colour of the shell white, slightly yellowish towards the base. Aperture mostly white, often with a diffuse orange-brown colour in the upper part of the interior. The pattern of the last whorl consists of large brown or orange-brown blotches arranged in the form of three irregular spiral bands: one wider and more uniform below the shoulder, the other narrower , often interrupted, above the mid-portion of the body,
and a third one quite irregular, interrupted with white flecks or streaks, covering most of the basal third. White color predominates around the central region, usually covered with axial brown streaks. Spiral rows of brown dots are also present in some specimens. The brown colour may eventually cover most of the last whorl leaving only one central irregular white band. In some populations the brown colour may be almost completely absent, the result entirely white. The spire is predominantly white, covered by thin axial flecks. In specimens with high stepped spires the sutural ramps may show brown colour in the region immediately above the suture.Discussion:-C. algoensis algoensis: body whorl mostly brown except for white shoulder blotches and broken white band at midbody;base whitish with broad brown band above 25-35 mm from western side of Cape.C. algoensis scitulus: body whorl mostly whitish with broad and distinct shoulder band (orange fading brown) basal band weak; irregular spiral bands of square brown spots occasionally an orange midbody band; 25-40 mm Hermanus to Cape Agulhas;C. algoensis simplex: basal band absent; shoulder to base axial bands of orange or brown; spiral rows of brown spots absent; Eastern Cape.
Conus algoensis f. agulhasi Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1980
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN Alan Kohn Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Basteria 44, p. 20, f. 68a-bOcean geography: South AfricaType Locality: Cape Agulhas, South Africa; under rocks and mud at 60 m.Type Data: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 23.4 x 11.6 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis agulhasi formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Agulhas, South AfricaHabitat:-Under rocks and mudDescription:-Source Iconograhy. Small to moderately small-sized shell (15-30 mm). ). Very similar to C. a. algoensis Ground colour of the shell is white, with a bluish or pinkish shade. Pattern reduced to a broad spiral brown band below the shoulder. Basal region stained with brown, occasionally in form of diffuse axial flecks. Spire white, patternless but sometimes with traces of a brown colour immediately above the suture.Discussion:-No Data
Conus algoensis norpothi Lorenz, 2015
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Felix LorenzPicture Link: Feliz Lorenz
Published in: Conchylia 45 (1-2), p. 51 - 54 Ocean geography: South AfricaType Locality: On a “solid reef” near Dyer Island, Cape AgulhasType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 35,3 Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A subspecies of Conus algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis norpothiSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-Atlantic side of the Cape Peninsula to Cape Agulhas, RSAHabitat:-At 23 - 3332 mtrsDescription:-Source original descriptionMedium sized shell. Last whorl is narrow conical, with straight sides. The aperture is moderately wide, especially anteriorly. The spire is pointed, slightly stepped, the outline straight. The suture is narrow and shallow. The smooth protoconch is large and inflated, paucispiral, concisting of two whorls without transitional line to the postnuclear whorls, of which there are six. Five postnuclear show indistinct, yet discernible tubercles. The body whorl has a smooth, acutely angled shoulder. The postnuclear sutural ramps are concave, with faint radial threads. The body whorl is smooth, with several irregular shallow longitudinal bulges and growth-lines basally. There are fine indistinct spiral ribs towards the anterior canal.The ground color of the teleoconch is gray-white. There are three dark brown zones covering the dorsum. They are interrupted by paler bands of white blotches of irregular shape. The shoulders of the teleoconch whorls are ornamented with regular white and dark brown radial blotches. The interior of the shell is purplish brow.Discussion:-
Conus algoensis f. scitulus Reeve, 1849
Pictures:Picture Link: Syntype in NHMUK Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Conch. Icon. I, Conus. Suppl., pl. ix, sp. 283Ocean geography: South AfricaType Locality: Not knownType Data: Syntype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 17 x 9 mm figureNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834
Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis scitulus formaSynonyms:- danieli Crosse, 1858Geographic Range:-South AfricaHabitat:-Intertidal to over 50 m depthDescription:-Source IconographySmall to medium-sized shell (15-40mm). Looks a lot like C. a. algoensis but usually with a lower spire and a more rounded shoulder. The ground colour of the shell is white with a bluish shade. The pattern consists of a broad brown band (occasionally red-brown or even blood-red) below the shoulder, and many spiral lines of alternating white bars and brown dots on the last whorl. Axial brown streaks often present in variable numbers, especially around the basal region. Spire colour and pattern as in C. a. algoensis.Discussion:-No Data
Conus algoensis f. simplex Sowerby ii, 1858
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul KerstenRadula Picture: Manuel Tenorio
Published in: Thes. Conch. iii, p. 31, pl. 9 (195), f. 199 Ocean geography: South AfricaType Locality: East Indies; Corrected to Simonstown, False Bay, SAType Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued Type Size: 49 x 23 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus algoensis Sowerby ii, 1834Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Sciteconus Species:-algoensis simplex formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-W. False Bay, RSAHabitat:-Intertidal to over 50 m depthDescription:-Source IconographyModerately small (25-35 mm), but specimens from the population of Simons Harbour and Windmill Beach are unusually large, attaining more than 70 mm in length. Last whorl conical, with a subangulate to rounded shoulder and straight sides. Spire of moderate height, with a straight profile, occasionally stepped. Sutural ramps slightly concave. Spiral ribs present around the basal region. Ground colour of the shell white. Aperture wider than in C. a. algoensis, often with adapically flaring lip. The aperture is white, with a diffuse orange-brown axial blotch in the upper part of the inner region. The pattern of the last whorl consists of interrupted brown axial streaks, and an interrupted spiral broad band below the shoulder, absent in certain specimens. Scattered brown dots and dashes are often present. The spire is patterned with thin brown axial
flecks or streaks.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus alisi Moolenbeek, Röckel & Richard, 1995
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Mem. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. clxvii, p. 559, figs. 2, 4, 5Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Norfolk Ridge New Caledonia (23 deg 18 min S. 168 deg 05 min E); 330-367 m.Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 22.2 x 12.3 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Rhizoconus Species:-alisi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-New CaledoniaHabitat:-300 metresDescription:-Source Original descriptionSmall shell, low biconic, slightly pyriform, fragile. Colour of protoconch opaque white.Teleoconch consists of 6.0 whorls, spire slightly stepped. First teleoconch whorl with two spiral grooves gradually increasing to 3 on the last whorl; grooves rather strong. Whorls slightly stepped with a strong, smooth adapical rim above suture. Outline of the spire slightly convex. Body whorl slightly pyriform with about 11 spiral grooves at the base. Sculpture smooth with very fine hardly visible spiral striae. Aperture straight , rather wide, outer lip thin. Colour light violet-grey, with about 18 spiral rows of very fine brown spots; paratypes are often pure white but sometimes light orange with irregular and cloudy white and brown spots; often also with spiral lines of brown dots.in the middle an irregular band of white and brown cloudy blotches. Smaller white blotches are situated on the upper part. Shoulder rim white, with 12 brown spots. These spots are also visible on the earlier whorls.Discussion:-C. alisi is very similar to C. dayriti and can be distinguished mainly by its larger and different coloured (white with a brown blotch vs light brown) protoconch, slightly stepped spire whorls, stronger spiral grooves on spire whorls, and its often pure white colouration.
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Conus aliwalensis Veldsman, 2018
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in NMSA S. Veldsman
Published in: Visaya Vol. 5, 1, May, 2018; p. 65-70; Fig. 3, Pl. 8-10Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: off Park Rynie (30"20.4'5 I 30"47.8'E), Southern KwaZulu-Natal Sub-Province, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South AfricaType Data: Holotype in NMSA deposited and catalogued Type Size: 76.48 x 32.86 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAEGenus:-Pionoconus Species:-aliwalensisSynonyms: Geographic Range:- Southern KwaZulu-Natal, reported from the Aliwal ShoalHabitat:- dived between 35 and 45 mDescription:-Source from the original DescriptionMedium to large, heavy, narrow shell. Frofile conical, stepped spire of moderate height with slightly convex outline. Deep incised sutures on spire. Shoulder shatp, slightly convex. Body whorl sides, starting at the shoulder: the frrst quarter of the shell convex, the second quarter slightly concave, the third quarter stightly convex and base of shell stightly concave. The posterior two-thirds of the body whorl is smooth, the anterior third having three spiral ridges and several spiral grooves towards base of shell, with one prominent thick spiral ridge in-between the grooves. Protoconch moderately sharp, off-white to cream in colour. Aperture narrow, gently expanding to the anterior sinus. Background colour light cream to light orange, with several coloured bands around body-whorl. A dark orange band below the shoulder, followed by a thin creamy coloured band, followed by an orange band (sometimes split into dark and light orange bands), followed by a creamy coloured band, then by another dark orange band, ending at the base with a creamy coloured band. In many shells flame-like axial dark brownpattern is visible across the shell, mainlyaround the middle area. The spire consists of a creamy to orange colour with numerous thin brown markings. Aperture a light creamy to light orange colour.Discussion:-
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Conus allamandi Petuch, 2013
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in FMNH D. Sargent Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Biogeography and Biodiversity of Western Atlantic Mollusks; p. 221-222; p. 111, fig. 7.11, fOcean geography: Western AtlanticType Locality: Sandy Bay, northwestern coast of Roatan Island, Honduras
Type Data: Holotype in FMNH deposited and catalogued Type Size: 16.2 x 7.2 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-JASPIDICONUSGenus:-Jaspidiconus Species:-allamandiSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-HondurasHabitat:-No DataDescription:-: Shell elongated and cylindrical, with slightly convex sides; shoulder angled, edged with strong rounded cord; subtural area sharply sloping to edge of shoulder; spire high, pyramidal, with slightly convex whorls; shell sculptured with 15-16 large rounded spiral cords, each pair separated by deep spiral groove, giving shell rough appearance; spiral cords on anterior half of shell ornamented with small beads; spire whorls and subsutural area with single low, broad cord; aperture narrow, flaring slightly at anterior end; shell color deep chocolate-brown or blackish-brown, overlaid with variable amounts of pale blue or bluish-white spotting and small amorphous flammules; spiral cords often with alternating pale blue and chocolate-brown spots; interior of aperture dark purple-brown.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus allaryi Bozzetti, 2008
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Original Description Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Mostra Mondiale Malacologia 61 Ocean geography: East Atlantic and West AfricaType Locality: San Antonio Bay, AngolaType Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued Type Size: 25.95 x 14.8 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A valid speciesCurrent Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Africonus Species:-allaryi Synonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-AngolaHabitat:-No DataDescription:-:A broadly ventricosely conical shell, sometimes approaching broadly ovate, spire of moderate height with moderately sigmoid outline, shoulder subangulate, body whorl straight on right side of apertural view, concave 1/3 anterior and convex superiorly on left side; protoconch dome shaped; aperture narrow, slightly expanded at the anterior sinus, suture incised,
subsutural ramp sculptured by 6-8 spiral grooves and thick radial growth striae; surface of the body whorl covered by spiral cordlets and thick axial growth striae; background color white with a light grey spiral band in the central area, body whorl covered by axially elongated brown flammules, irregularly joined and alternately forming discontinuous spiral bands under the shoulder and rthe central position; color uniformly brown with scarce white blotches on the base; first teleoconch ramps lilac-grey following ones white with radial evenly spaced blotches; protoconch white; inside of the aperture lilac-grey with white spiral bands at the posterior end and under the central area.Discussion:-No Data
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Conus alrobini Thach, 2016
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in Naturalis Biodiversity Centrum, Leiden Dr. Thach
Published in: Vietnamese New mollusks. Nº 9 & 221Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: Off Southeast of Nha Trang area, Khánh Hòa Province (Central Vietnam)Type Data: Holotype in NBCL deposited and catalogued Type Size: 106.1 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: A synonym of Conus tribblei Walls, 1977Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Kioconus Species:-tribblei f. alrobiniSynonyms:- Geographic Range:- Vietnam Habitat:- Deep sea (about 180m depth)Description:-Source Original DescriptionShell large for the genus and solid with broadly conical body whorl. Spire moderately tall and dome-shaped with pointed apex, sutures deep. Shoulder sharply angulate with concave area below, teleconch sutural ramps slightly concave with about three spiral grooves crossed by oblique radial riblets. Body whorl elongate occupying 93% of shell length with largest diameter 53.7mm and outline strongly concave at anterior left side of aperture and at the middle of right side of aperture. Sculpture consists of fine closely-spaced axial riblets crossing weak and widely-spaced spiral ribs. Base with a prominent ridge crossed by strong and elevated spiral ribs. Aperture elongate and widening anteriorly, outer lip moderately thick. Color white with yellow brown axial stripes.Discussion:-A gerontic specimen of Conus tribblei Walls, 1977
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Conus altispiratus Sowerby iii, 1873
Pictures:Picture Link: Holotype in Naturalis, Leiden Bill Fenzan
Published in: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 146, pl. 15, f. 4Ocean geography: South AfricaType Locality: Agulhas BankType Data: Holotype in NATURALIS, LEIDEN/ Naturalis deposited and catalogued Type Size: 37 x 15 mmNomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym colour form of Conus mozambicus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792Current Group Names:-Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAEGenus:-Sciteconus Species:-mozambicus altispiratus formaSynonyms:- There are no junior synonymsGeographic Range:-S. AfricaHabitat:-OffshoreDescription:-Source IconographyShell thin and light-weight, moderately small to large (normal size between 30 and 80 mm, but specimens of 100 mm are known). Last whorl conoid-cylindrical, with convex sides and a rounded shoulder (subangulate in young specimens). Spire of moderate height, with a straight to convex profile, occasionally sigmoid, with a mammillated protoconch. Sutural ramps convex or flat, with 3 to 6 spiral grooves. Strong ribs present in the basal portion of last whorl.Ground color variable, from pure white to bright orange, pinkish or dark brown. The pattern is also very variable, usually in the form of dark brown spiral broad bands, interrupted spiral lines of alternating brown and white bars, and irregular axial streaks. Very often the pattern becomes less dense around the mid-body region, forming an irregular band. Completely white patternless shells or exhibiting a vivid orange color, are not uncommon. The pattern of the spire is also variable, depending upon de pattern exhibited on the last whorl, most often composed of either more or less dense dark brown axial streaks. In other cases, the spire pattem consists of diffuse axial brown flecks, and it can also be patternless. Aperture color variable, from pale violet to white, again depending very much on the pattern present on the last whorl.C. altispiratus is a narrow white form with pinkish apex.Discussion:-. The holotype of C. altispiratus most likely corresponds to a specimen of the white variety of C. mozambicus with a somewhat freakish, elevated spire. Hence altispiratus becomes a synonym of C. mozambicus, with no relation at all with C. gradatulus or C. patens.
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Conus alveolus Sowerby ii, 1833
Pictures:Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype Sowerby i (1833: Pt. 25, fig. 11)
Published in: Conch. Illus., pt. 25, f. 11Ocean geography: Indo-PacificType Locality: None
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Sowerby i (1833: Pt. 25, fig. 11)Nomenclature: An available nameTaxonomy: Synonym of Conus stramineus Lamarck, 1810Current Group Names:-Not appropriate for the name alveolus
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