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Interviewing Techniques &Skills

Cliff Ogleby

Department of Geomatics, The University of Melbourne

Professional Development 451-204

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OverviewPurpose

First Impressions

During the Interview

Interview Questions

Selectability

About YourselfP r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Primarily to see if you match theirrequirements:

your intellectual qualities

how you get on with people

how enthusiastic you are

how well you express yourselfwhether you will be an asset to theirorganisation

PurposeFor the interviewer:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

A chance to meet someone from theorganisation

For you to assess them - are theyoffering what you want?

How you come across is as importantas what you say...

PurposeFor You:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

No right or wrong answers

Be positive

Be yourself

Be interesting

Purpose

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Set the tone for the rest of theinterview

Show the interviewer that you arefriendly and open

Look at the interviewer, especially

when introducing yourself

You are allowed to smile...

First Impressions

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First Impressions4 seconds to Form an impression

4 minutes for a Lasting impression

Impressions:

55% What they see

38% What they hear7% What you say

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First ImpressionsPresentingYourself:

The medium is the messageMarshall McCluan

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

CommunicatingWithout Words

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

The Power of

Body Language

Posture

Gestures

Facial Expression

Movement

Confidence

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Communicating without WordsThere are 5 main ways:

Appearance

FaceBody

Speech

Position

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First ImpressionsGrooming

hair

dress

general deportment

accessorising

make-up

Appearance:

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Dress:

appropriate to the position or interview

look tidy

look clean & well maintained

no distractions (too much jewellery,inappropriate hair style/footware)

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First ImpressionsAppearance:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First Impressions

Eye contact

expression

smiles

frowns

head tilt

Face:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First ImpressionsFace:

VisualCommunication:

maintained

directed

definite

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First Impressions

Posture

Gestures

Movement

Body:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First ImpressionsBody:

Stance:

balanced

not too stiff

not slovenly

not fidgety

no swaying do not move too

much

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First ImpressionsBody: Gestures:

meaningful

restricted

mannerisms absent

Poise:

relaxed

comfortable

no indications of tension

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First Impressions

Volume

Intonation

Pitch

Pace

Pause

Phrasing

Speech .Dont forget your VIP4 voice

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Articulation:

clear

not slurred or drawled

not over precise

move jaw & lips

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First ImpressionsSpeech:

Volume:

adequate

do not fade

do not shout

vary for effect

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First ImpressionsSpeech:

Emphasis:

use effectively

no false orexcessive use

Phrasing:

natural

awareness ofmeaning

Use of words:

fluent

avoid unfinishedsentences

avoid false starts

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

First Impressions

OrientationDistance

Position

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Sometimes as little as5% of the message

is the words -

look like, sound like, feel likeYOU MEAN WHAT YOU SAY!

First Impressions

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Presentation is all aboutADDING VALUE to that which

you present,whether it is

yourself,

a resume/CV,a message,

a lecture...

First Impressions

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Make it easy to interview you:

Give the interviewer answers that are

relevant;

Support your claims & illustrate with

examples - not too many;

During the Interview

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Present yourself positively - dont putyourself down;

Remember, it is possible to talkabout most experiences in a positive

way;

With awkward questions, take yourtime & keep your cool;

During the Interview

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Ask for a Q to be repeated/clarified ifyou didnt understand;

Dont interrupt a question;

Look & sound enthusiastic &interested without overdoing it;

Maximise your strong points &minimise your weak points;

During the Interview

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

You can anticipate some questionsthat will be asked by reading yourapplication as if you were theinterviewer;

Remember, you have some controlsover the interview by the leads you

give.

During the Interview

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Find out what happens after theinterview;

Thank the interviewers for their time& attention;

During the Interview

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Appropriate: Questions a selector will

most likely ask you;

Inappropriate: Those that have little

or no bearing on performing the job;

Controlled by EEO legislation.

Interview QuestionsAppropriate & Inappropriate:

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Interview Questions

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Appropriate questions:

Are you legally entitled to work in

Australia?

What is your past work experience?

What university did you attend?

Do you have a car?

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Interview Questions

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Appropriate questions:Are you prepared to relocate?

What foreign languages can you read (if

job related)?

Why did you choose surveying at

Melbourne University?

What attracted you to ourorganisation?

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Interview Questions

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Questions about Capability:

What are 2 or 3 things youd like tolearn in this field?

What skills do you rely on in your

everyday work?

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Interview Questions

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Questions about Capability:

How much supervision do you

normally receive?

What is the scope of yourresponsibilities?

What kind of training do you thinkwould benefit you most?

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Interview Questions

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Questions about Attitudes:

How would you feel about working

in an

all male...

all female...underwater environment ?

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Interview Questions

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

What do you like most about your

present job?

What do you like least about yourpresent job?

What kinds of things give you worksatisfaction?

Questions about Attitudes:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Where were you born?

Do you intend to make Australia yourhome?

What is the name of your Church or

Parish?

Have you ever been arrested for acrime?

Interview QuestionsInappropriate questions:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Interview QuestionsInappropriate questions:What is your Marital status?

What is your partners maiden name?

Are you planning a family?

Will you have trouble getting a babysitter?

Do you get sick very often?

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Interview QuestionsInappropriate questions:How much does your partner/spouseearn annually?

Are you a member of any non-professional organisations (political,feminist, activist)?

Do you have a drinking problem?

Why do you barrack for Collingwood

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Interview Questions

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

You can ask about the job:

What are the responsibilities?

What authority goes with the job?

How long has the organisation hadthis position?

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Was anyone on staff bypassed for

this position?

When will a decision be made?

Who makes the hiring decision?

Interview Questions

You can about the job:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Whod be my immediate supervisor?

Whats the work-style of the dept.?

What kind of budget does the dept.have?

How does this dept. relate toothers?

Interview Questions

You can ask about the department:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

What is the companys

organisational structure?

place in the industry?

product?

current financial status?

Corporate culture?

What are the companys policies?

Interview Questions

You can ask about the organisation:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

How & when are there employeereviews?

How are pay rates determined?

How are promotions determined?

What is the career path for thisposition?

Interview Questions

You can ask about evaluation:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Besides the salary, explain the otherbenefits:

training, mentor programs, leave...

Is there an orientation program?

What are the working conditions?

What resources are available?

Interview Questions

You can ask about conditions:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

A collection of capabilities

that will determine your suitability

to perform a task at hand,

in an existing organisation,

with the potential to develop

SelectabilityWhat attributes are selectors

looking for?:

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Analytical ability:

Define a task & objectives

Gather relevant data

Identify all relevant factors &

restrictions

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Analytical ability:

Apply logical reasoning

Develop results-orientedconclusions

Test assumptions, observe results& incorporate revisions

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Communication Skills:

Listen effectively

Respond clearly & objectively

Use appropriate vocabulary

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Communication Skills:

Present clear, concise reports

Receive written or oral instructions

Describe information or explain

processes to others

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Decision Making Ability:

Take a problem-solving approach to

disruptions in work flow

Gather information & resourcesfrom a variety of sources

Perceive & evaluate alternatives

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Decision Making Ability:

Analyse impact of decisions

Make & implement decisions

Support decisions with appropriate

rationale & evidence

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Intellectual Ability:

Analyse problems with an open

mind

Process information from a varietyof resources

Develop new ideas

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Intellectual Ability:

Grasp new concepts, approaches or

solutions

Organise information in new orunique ways

Apply creative thinking &imagination

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Interpersonal Skills:

Work cooperatively with a range of

individuals

Interface effectively with clients,the public and colleagues

Recognise strengths & limitationsin yourself & others

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Interpersonal Skills:

Gain the confidence & trust of

others

Exhibit appropriate sensitivity

Focus on task or performancerather than personality whensupervising

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Manual Skills:

Recognise & use tools with

dexterity & economy of effort

Anticipate & prevent accidents

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Mathematical Ability:Work comfortably with figures

Develop pricing or financial plans

Perform calculations accurately

Identify & correct errors

Forecast, budget or reportquantitative data

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Organisational ability:Plan, organise & monitor activities

Establish schedules, deadline orquotas

Coordinate resources towards

fulfilment of objectives

Organise work autonomously aspart of a team

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Technical Knowledge:

Demonstrate understanding of

terminology, principles & theory

Read manuals, plans, journals asrequired

Follow guidelines of regulations

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Selectability

P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Technical Knowledge:

Demonstrate knowledge of issues,

problems & innovations

Diagnose, maintain & troubleshootequipment or systems

A lot to determine in a20 minute Interview!!!

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Power

Security

Status

Money

Companionship

Challenge

Interest

Recognition

About YourselfWhat do you want from a job?

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Realistic

investigativeartistic

social

enterprising

conventional

.MBTI

About YourselfWhat are you best suited for?

Personality type:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Responsibility

Tolerance for stress

Flexibility

IndependenceIndustriousness

Initiative

Integrity

PerseveranceAssertiveness

Cooperativeness

Enthusiasm

About YourselfWhat should you bring to a job?

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Always be accountable for mistakes

Warn people when a deadline is goingto be missed

Look after the interests of

subordinates & the rest of theorganisation

About YourselfResponsibility:

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Maintain composure & goodjudgement in the face ofinsurmountable odds & stupidity

About YourselfTolerance for Stress:

Flexibility:

Be open to suggestions from others

Change strategies to meet theneeds of the situation

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Work reliably without close

supervision

Make decisions without being

influenced by others

About YourselfIndependence:

f

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

About YourselfIndustriousness:

Be willing to work long hours

Use time well

Pursue goals energetically

b lf

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Begin projects without being told

Identify business opportunities

Exceed what is required

About YourselfInitiative:

Ab Y lf

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

About YourselfIntegrity:

Maintain personal principles even

in the face of criticism

Support colleagues when they

need help

Ab t Y lf

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Complete important tasks despitepersonal hardship

Complete complex tasks

Avoid distraction in pursuit of goals

About YourselfPerseverance:

Ab t Y lf

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Keep others from taking undueadvantage

Take leadership positions

Discipline subordinates

About YourselfAssertiveness:

Ab t Y lf

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P r o f e s s i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t

Offer resources & assistance in pursuitof common goals

Do assigned tasks in common effort

Place accomplishment of group over

personal ambition

About YourselfCooperativeness:

Ab t Y lf

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Maintain high energy level

Demonstrate a positive attitudetowards yourself & others

Express needs in a positive manner

About YourselfEnthusiasm: