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Comparison of Three Wet Weather Flow Treatment Alternatives to Increase Plant Capacity Don Esping, Denny Parker, Jose Jimenez, Fenghua Yang, Tim Bate, Steve Arant OWEA 2013 June 19| 2013
Comparison of Three Wet Weather Flow Treatment Alternatives to Increase Plant Capacity Don Esping, Denny Parker, Jose Jimenez, Fenghua Yang, Tim Bate, Steve Arant
OWEA 2013
June 19| 2013
• Background/Goals
• Bench Scale Testing
• Demonstration Facilities
• Testing
• Round 1 – Simulated Wet Weather
• Round 2 – Wet Weather
• Summary/Further Testing
Outline
Milwaukee MSD South Shore Water Reclamation Facility
16 Primary Settling Tanks
28 Aeration Basins
24 Final Settling Tanks
Aerated Grit
1” screens
2020 Facilities Plan
Increase capacity
• SSO - 5 year protection
• 300 to 450 mgd
Pilot Tested Ballasted Sedimentation
150 mgd CEPT
300 mgd
secondary
treatment Study Objectives
• Demonstrate other auxiliary treatment technologies
Auxiliary Treatment Options Considered
DRAFT 8/24/2010
Process Testing Comments
Chemical
Chemically Enhanced Primary
Treatment (CEPT)
Yes Full-Scale Testing
Ballasted flocculation – (Actiflo… No Previously tested
CoMag Ballasted flocculation No
Biological
Biological Contact Treatment Yes Pilot-Scale Testing
Bio-Actiflo No Insufficient project budget
Filtration
Deep Bed Filters No
Cloth media No
Compressible Media Yes Pilot-Scale Testing
Treatment Flow Routing
Plant Influent
(450 mgd)
Primary Settling Tanks
(150/300/300 mgd)
Existing Activated Sludge
Process
(300/300/300 mgd)
Compressible Media
Filtration
(150 mgd)
Biological
Contact Treatment
(150 mgd)
Disinfection
(450 mgd)
Flow routing and flow rates
Compressible Media Filtration/Biological Contact /
Chemically Enhanced Sedimentation
Demonstration Study Effluent Goals
Item
Units
NPDES
Permit
Operations
Contract
Demonstration
Study Daily
Goals
cBOD5 mg/L 30a /45b 15a 35
TSS mg/L 30a /45b 15a 35
Total Phosphorus mg P/L 1.0a 1.0a 1
Ammonia-Nitrogen mg N/L Seasonal 5a 5
Fecal Coliformc (no./100 mL) 200 100 --
a. Monthly average b. Weekly average c. Geometric mean
CEPT
Cocktail for wet weather and chemical system sizing
Biological Contact Treatment
Bio-flocculation potential and kinetics ( MLSS and contact time)
Bench-Scale Testing
Simulation of coagulation and/or flocculation processes
CEPT Bench-Scale Testing
170
40
100
27.5 2530
24
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Control 40 mg/L FeCl3 12.6 mg/L PAX
40 mg/L FeCl3 & 0.46 mg/L
A210P
12.6 mg/L PAX & 0.46 mg/L A210P
40 mg/L FeCl3 & 0.4 mg/L
CE9307
12.6 mg/L PAX &0.4
mg/L CE9307
Su
per
na
tan
t T
SS
, m
g/L
Coagulant Only Coagulant and Flocculant
342
215
182168 166
176 174160
8770 78 87
76 84 84 84
37 34 40 48 4262
4559
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Diluted raw
influent
Control 40 mg/L
FeCl3
12.6 mg/L
PAX
40 mg/L
FeCl3 & 0.46
mg/L A210P
12.6 mg/L
PAX & 0.46
mg/L A210P
40 mg/L
FeCl3 & 0.4
mg/L CE9307
12.6 mg/L
PAX &0.4
mg/L CE9307
Su
per
na
tan
t C
OD
, m
g/L
COD SCOD FFCOD
CEPT Bench-Scale Testing
Coagulant Only Coagulant and Flocculant
Demonstration Target 40 mg/L ferric chloride 0.5 mg/L anionic polymer
Biological Contact Treatment
• High rate biological process which relies on biological flocculation
for colloidal & particulate removal
• No chemical addition required
• Effluent meets secondary treatment requirements
RAS WAS
Biological Contact Treatment
• High rate biological process which relies on biological flocculation
for colloidal & particulate removal
• No chemical addition required
• Effluent meets secondary treatment requirements
Combined or
Dedicated Clarifiers
RAS WASRAS WAS
Contact Tank
PE or Raw
Short HRT Contact
Tank
MLSS or RAS
Biological Contact Process Sizing
• Competing Interests • Low MLSS » Low SLR » Less clarifiers
• Low MLSS » Reduced kinetics » Larger contact tank
• Site specific testing required
DRAFT 8/24/2010
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Contact Time (min)
% A
pp
roa
ch t
o T
SS
Res
idu
al
Co
nce
ntr
ati
on
Plant A Plant B
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Su
pern
ata
nt T
SS
, mg
/L
Flocculation Time, minutes
410
820
1025
1230
1540
1740
Biological Contact Bench –Scale Testing
Biological Contact Bench –Scale Testing
Demonstration Target MLSS 1500 - 2000 mg/L HRT 15 -20 minutes
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
% A
ppro
ach
to R
esid
ual
Par
ticu
late
CO
D
Contact Time (min)
500 mg/L 1,000 mg/L 1,250 mg/L 1,500 mg/L 2,000 mg/L
Particulate COD = TCOD - SCOD(0.45 um filter)
• ¼ existing primary settling tanks
• Wet weather SOR: 1500 gal/sf-d
• 40 mg/L ferric chloride and 0.5 mg/L anionic polymer
CEPT Demonstration – Full Scale
Polymer Feed/ Mixer
Location
CES Primary
Clarifiers 9-12
Influent sampler and
ferric chloride feed
location
Primary effluent sampler
Biological Contact Treatment Demonstration
Tank 4 Primary Influent Head Tank
Return Sludge
Tank 2 Tank 1
• 4000 gallon aerated plug flow reactor
• Bench Scale Settling Tests • MLSS: 1500 - 2000 mg/L
• HRT: 15 -20 minutes
• Bench testing for clarification
• WWETCO Rental
• Filtration rate 5-7.5 gpm/sf
• 2011 - Primary effluent and secondary effluent
• 2012/13 - Primary influent
Compressible Media Filter Demonstration
Simulated Wet Weather – Biological Contact
Item Units 10/12/2011 10/17/2011 10/17/2011
Influent stream Blend of primary influent and secondary effluent
MLSS mg/L 1653 1882 2069
Influent
COD mg/L 190 160 130
TSS mg/L 95 79 66
BOD5 mg/L 68 64 51
TP mg/L 1.8 1.8 1.3
Reactor 3
Contract time minutes 15 22 15
Effluent TSS mg/L 34 15 7
Reactor 4
Contact time minutes 20 29 20
Effluent COD mg/L 110 51 59
Effluent TSS mg/L 25 19 6
Effluent TP mg/L 1.0 0.53 0.36
Demonstration Target MLSS 1500 - 2000 mg/L HRT 15 -20 minutes
60
19
34
22
58
100
26 26 26
15 15 15
3127
138
11
5 710
23
12 10 12
58
0
20
40
60
80
100
1205
.5
5.5
7.5
7.5
80
RA
S 5
.5
13
5 R
AS
7.5
11
Fe
@ 5
.5
21
Fe
@ 5
.5
31
Fe
@ 5
.5
8 F
e @
7.5
8 F
e @
7.5
8 F
e @
7.5
10
Fe
@ 5
7 F
e @
7.5
To
tal
Su
spen
ded
So
lid
s, m
g/L
Diluted Primary Effluent Filtered Effluent
Simulated Wet Weather – Compressible Media
190
51
160
79
71
86
71 71 7165 65 65
77
95
130
50
150
59
68
82
53
70
57 55 5259
71
30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
5.5
5.5
7.5
7.5
80
RA
S 5
.5
13
5 R
AS
7.5
11
Fe
@ 5
.5
21
Fe
@ 5
.5
31
Fe
@ 5
.5
8 F
e @
7.5
8 F
e @
7.5
8 F
e @
7.5
10
Fe
@ 5
7 F
e @
7.5
So
lub
le C
OD
, mg
/L
Diluted Primary Effluent sCOD Filtered sCOD
Simulated Wet Weather – Compressible Media
• RAS addition did not improve soluble COD removal
• Ferric addition not required • Test filtration rates of 5-10 gpm/sf
Wet Weather Testing - May 7, 2012
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
3255
/6/1
2 0
:00
5/6
/12
3:0
0
5/6
/12
6:0
0
5/6
/12
9:0
0
5/6
/12
12
:00
5/6
/12
15
:00
5/6
/12
18
:00
5/6
/12
21
:00
5/7
/12
0:0
0
5/7
/12
3:0
0
5/7
/12
6:0
0
5/7
/12
9:0
0
5/7
/12
12
:00
5/7
/12
15
:00
5/7
/12
18
:00
5/7
/12
21
:00
5/8
/12
0:0
0
Flo
w, m
gd
CES and
BC
CMF Operation
CEPT (CES)
• SOR ≈ 2750 gal/sf-d
• Polymer mixer malfunction
Biological Contact
• MLSS ≈ 1600 mg/L
• HRT = 16 and 22 minutes
CMF
• Filtration rate of 7.5 gpm/sf
May 7, 2012 Test
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
2406
:00
7:3
0
9:0
0
10:3
0
12:0
0
13:3
0
15:0
0
16:3
0
18:0
0
19:3
0
21:0
0
22:3
0
0:0
0
To
tal
Su
spen
ded
So
lid
s, m
g/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=16 min ) BC (HRT=22 min)
CMF Influent CMF Effluent CES Effluent
May 7, 2012 Wet Weather Testing - TSS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
706
:00
7:3
0
9:0
0
10:3
0
12:0
0
13:3
0
15:0
0
16:3
0
18:0
0
19:3
0
21:0
0
22:3
0
0:0
0
BO
D5(i
nfl
uen
t) o
r C
BO
D5
(eff
luen
t),
mg
/L
Time
BC (HRT=16 min ) BC (HRT=22 min) CMF Influent CMF Effluent CES Effluent
May 7, 2012 Wet Weather Testing – BOD
May 7, 2012 Wet Weather Testing - Ammonia
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
6:0
0
7:3
0
9:0
0
10
:30
12
:00
13
:30
15
:00
16
:30
18
:00
19
:30
21
:00
22
:30
0:0
0
Am
mo
nia
Nit
rog
en, m
g N
/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=16 min ) BC (HRT=22 min)
CMF Influent CMF Effluent CES Effluent
May 7, 2012 Wet Weather Testing – TP
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.06
:00
7:3
0
9:0
0
10
:30
12
:00
13
:30
15
:00
16
:30
18
:00
19
:30
21
:00
22
:30
0:0
0
To
tal P
ho
sph
oru
s, m
g P
/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=16 min ) BC (HRT=22 min)CMF Influent CMF Effluent CES Effluent
May 7, 2012 Wet Weather Testing – COD
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2006
:00
7:3
0
9:0
0
10
:30
12
:00
13
:30
15
:00
16
:30
18
:00
19
:30
21
:00
22
:30
0:0
0
Ch
em
ica
l Ox
yg
en
Dem
an
d, m
g/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=16 min ) BC (HRT=22 min)CMF Influent CMF Effluent CES Effluent
May 7, 2012 Wet Weather Testing – Soluble COD
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
1206
:00
7:3
0
9:0
0
10
:30
12
:00
13
:30
15
:00
16
:30
18
:00
19
:30
21
:00
22
:30
0:0
0
So
lub
le C
hem
ica
l Ox
yg
en D
ema
nd
, mg
/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=16 min ) BC (HRT=22 min)
CMF Influent CMF Effluent CES Effluent
May 7, 2012 Wet Weather Testing – Soluble P
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.86
:00
7:3
0
9:0
0
10
:30
12
:00
13
:30
15
:00
16
:30
18
:00
19
:30
21
:00
22
:30
0:0
0
So
lub
le P
ho
sph
oru
s, m
g P
/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=16 min ) BC (HRT=22 min)
CMF Influent CMF Effluent CES Effluent
Temperature = 10.5 C
CEPT • SOR ≈ 1900 gal/sf-d
• Ferric chloride – 50 mg/L as FeCl3
• Polymer – 2 mg/L
Biological Contact • MLSS ≈ 1700 mg/L
• HRT = 17 and 23 minutes
CMF • Equipment Malfunction
May 7, 2013 Test
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1409
:00
10:3
0
12:0
0
13:3
0
15:0
0
16:3
0
18:0
0
To
tal
Su
spen
ded
So
lid
s, m
g/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=17 min ) BC (HRT=23 min) CES Effluent
May 23, 2013 Wet Weather Testing - TSS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
909
:00
10:3
0
12:0
0
13:3
0
15:0
0
16:3
0
18:0
0
BO
D5
(in
flu
ent)
or
CB
OD
5 (
effl
uen
t),
mg
/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=17 min ) BC (HRT=23 min) CES Effluent
< 10 mg/L
Estimated from TSS
May 23, 2013 Wet Weather Testing - BOD
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
99
:00
10:3
0
12:0
0
13:3
0
15:0
0
16:3
0
18:0
0
Am
mo
nia
Nit
rog
en,
mg
N/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=17 min ) BC (HRT=23 min) CES Effluent
May 23, 2013 Wet Weather Testing - Ammonia
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.09
:00
10:3
0
12:0
0
13:3
0
15:0
0
16:3
0
18:0
0
To
tal
Ph
osp
ho
rus,
mg
P/L
Time
BC/CES Influent BC (HRT=17 min ) BC (HRT=23 min) CES Effluent
May 23, 2013 Wet Weather Testing - TP
Biological Contact Treatment Sludge Quality
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
12:00 14:00 16:00
SV
I, m
L/g
May 23, 2013 Wet Weather Flow SVI Measurements
Biological Contact Tank 4 (23 min) Aeration Basin 4
Biological Contact Treatment Sludge Quality
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
So
lid
s L
oa
din
g R
ate
, lb
/sf-
d
MLSS, g/L
Activated Sludge Biological Contact
April 23, 2013 SVI
Activated Sludge = 68 mL/g
Biological Contact = xx mL/g
Wet Weather Testing to Date
Item Chemically Enhanced
Primary Treatment
Biological Contact
Treatment
Compressible
Media Filtration
Events 1 3 1
Effluent Quality
CBOD5 <20 ≈ 10 <20
ESS ≈ 20 <10 <20
NH3-N In = Out 1-2 mg/L reduction In = Out
TP <1 < 1 <1
Comments 50 mg/L FeCl3
Polymer = 2 mg/L
15-20 min HRT
MLSS 1600-1700 mg/L
SVI same as mainstream
7.5 gpm/sf
• Additional auxiliary treatment testing
• June 13, 2013 completed
• 3 additional wet weather events
• Biological contact settling characteristics testing
Disinfection testing
Future Testing
Thank you
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