DORNIER 228 NEW GENERATION
The New German Navy Oil Pollution Control Aircraft
Jakarta July 2, 2013
Thomas Imke, RUAG Aviation
Content
• Milestones of the German airborne pollution control operation
• Mission spectrum
• Aircraft and sensors
• Fact, figures and results
• Conclusion
History German Airborne Oil Pollution Control Operations
Do 28
Do 228-212
Do 228NG
Milestones German Airborne Oil Pollution Control Operations
1986 Start of airborne pollution control operations with two Do 28 out of Kiel
1991 Extension of patrol area to the East after reunification
1991 Replacement of Do 28 by Do 228-212
1994 Move of operating base to Nordholz
1995 Last flight of Do 28
1998 Entry into service of second Do 228-212
2011 Upgrade of one Do 228-212 to „NG“ level
2012 Entry into service of a brand new Do 228NG
Mission Spectrum German Navy Naval Airwing 3 “Graf Zeppelin”
Mission coordination/ -optimization
of units involved in pollution control
Surveillance
of North and Baltic Sea areas
@ day and night
Mission execution
24 / 7 / 365 readiness with
reaction capability and coverage
of even large size areas
Validation and investigation
of pollutions and collection of evidence with electronic, digital and
electro-optical recording
Tasks
Area of Operation German Navy Naval Airwing 3 “Graf Zeppelin”
• Up to 13 routes
• Continuously, but unpredictable
• Up to 3 flights per day
• Missions day and night
• 60% day / 40% night
• 55% North Sea / 45% Baltic Sea
Denmark
Sweden
Germany Netherland
North Sea
Baltic
Sea
Addtional Tasks
Support to other state departments
SAR - search and rescue
Support of science project
Support of agencies for disaster management
Support for Disaster Management Flooding of Elbe River in 2006 and in 2013
Suspected undercutting behind dike
Aircraft and Sensors
• Comfortable 19-seater
• High payload transport
• Corporate shuttle
• MedEvac operation
• Cargo operation
• Paratrooper operation
• Special mission sensor platform
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Dornier 228 New Generation Versatile multirole aircraft
19 Pax Layout
Multipurpose Layout
• Renown short-field performance
• Renown hot and high performance
• Unprepared airfields
• Excellent handling. Proven reliability
• Efficient and productive
• Low Maintenance Cost, high engine TBO,
low fuel consumption
• Only aircraft in production in its performance
class (FAR23 commuter < 19.000lbs)
• More than 300 aircraft operate under all
weather conditions with >99% operational
reliability
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Dornier 228 New Generation Versatile multirole aircraft
Tensing-Hillary Airport (9100 ft) Lukla, Nepal
Unprepared airfield operation, Nigeria
Dornier 228 New Generation
Max. Take-off Weight
Optional (military only)
Max. Landing Weight
optional
Max. Zero Fuel Weight
Operating Weight Empty
Max. Structural Payload
Typical Payload (19 Pax) 93 kg
Fuel at max. Pax
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lb
14,109
14,550
13,448
14,109
13,095
8,816
4,279
3,895
1,464
kg
6,400
6,575
6,100
6,400
5,940
3,999
1,941
1,767
664
6.29 m
(20 ft 8 in) 16.56 m
(54 ft 4 in)
16.97 m
(55 ft 8 in)
3.30 m
(10 ft 10 in)
2.54 m (8 ft 4 in)
1.17 m (4 ft 2 in)
Garrett TPE 331-10GP-511D 2 x 776 SHP
(flat rated to ISA + 30°C/86°F) Cruise Fuel Flow 252 lb/h/engine
Take-off Run (1-engine)*
Take-off Distance (1-engine)*
Acc. Stop Distance*
Landing Distance**
Climb, 2 engines*
Climb, 1 engine*
Max. Cruise Speed (10,000 ft)*
Range (Max. Cruise Speed)***
Length
Height
Dornier 228 New Generation
Engine
Performance
Cabin
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671 m
793 m
747 m
450 m
1,870 ft/min
440 ft/min
444 km/h
833 km
7.08 m
1.55 m
2,200 ft
2,600 ft
2,450 ft
1,480 ft
240 KTAS
272 NM
23.23 ft
5.09 ft
* Max. Take-off Weight, ISA, Sea Level ** Max. Landing Weight, ISA, Sea Level
*** 19 Pax, 85 kg/187 lbs each, 45 min hold, ISA, 10,000 ft; alternate 100 nm
Dornier 228 New Generation Main Features
State-of-the-art Glass Cockpit Cockpit Major Change Approval
EASA.A.359, RUAG
Honeywell TPE331-10 Up to 7,000 hrs TBO, FAA STC
329CH-D, Garrett
New 5-bladed Propeller EASA STC A.S.02755, MT-Propeller
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300 minor
improvements
Dornier 228 New Generation – Prepared for the future!
• Four (4) 8.9 inch liquid crystal HD
displays
• Navigation display with TAWS overlay,
• Special Mission Operations FMS
available
• Avionic system modifiable. Interface
between mission system and cockpit
avionic possible
• Charts and airport diagrams (optional)
• Checklist (optional)
• Moving Map (optional)
Designed for increased situational
and flight safety awareness
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Dornier 228 New Generation 4-tube Universal glass cockpit
Avionics
• EFIS: 2 each PFD’s and MFD’s
• FMS
• ESIS
• TAWS*, TCAS*
• Weather Radar*
• Autopilot*
• HF Radio*
• MMS *
* optional
Dornier 228 New Generation 4-tube Universal glass cockpit
• Certified for the Dornier 228-212
with certified max. continuous power
of 1.151 SHP for more safety and
reliability margin
• Smaller propeller diameter. Less noise and
higher ground clearance (76.7 dBA Take-Off
noise according to EASA Type Certificate
Data Sheet for Noise)
• Lighter propeller. Less stress on the
engine and electrical system during start up
• Retrofitable: EASA STC A.S.02755,
MT-Propeller
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Dornier 228 New Generation 5-bladed composite propeller
5-bladed composite propeller
• Nominal (flat rated) power of
776 SHP (579 kW) de-rated from
940 SHP
• Flat rated to ISA+30°C/86°F at sea
level. Torque flat rated to 13.000ft
• 24,9 % more SHP per lb of fuel
(compared to PT6-34 engine)
• 91°C more Turbine Inlet
Temperature (TIT) margin at
the same power which reduces
engine maintenance cost
• 7000 h TBO with 3500 h HSI for
commercial operation unique in the
industry (minimum 800 FH/year)
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Dornier 228 New Generation Stronger TPE331-10 GP/GT-511 D engine
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
PT6-34/-42/-60
TPE331-5/-8/-10
Equivalent Specific Fuel Consumption
SHP (uninstalled)
700 800 900 1000
ES
FC
(b
/s h
p-h
)
• Excellent cockpit view
• High wing - excellent down view through
observer (bubble type) window
• High ground clearance for sensor installation
(0.76m, 29 inch)
• Unpressurised and flat fuselage for ease of
sensor installation (SLAR, 360° radar)
• Large roller door operable in-flight.
• Sufficient 600A electrical power for all sensors
(2x300A)
• Easy installation of user consoles due to
rectangular fuselage
• High endurance (9+ hours)
• High speed to mission area (max. 240 KTAS)
• Increased MTOW of 6,575 kg (14,550 lbs)
• Maneuverability (67 to 240 KTAS)
• Fuel burn <200kg (440 lbs) / search hour at
max. endurance speed)
• State of the art systems (MMS, TAWS overlay,
TCAS, Autopilot, …)
Special Operations Platform Aircraft and performance features
Special Operations Platform Multirole layout (typical) – 2 Operators, 2 Observer
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FWD Baggage Compartment
ATF Baggage Compartment
WX Radar
PBE
Data Master Unit
SLAR
Pax Seat (moveable)
Ladder
Operator Console
Operator Seat
VIS Line Scanner
MWR
Cabin Heater
Roller Door
Oil Spill Sampling Buoy
Pax Seat (moveable)
First Aid Kit Fire Extinguisher
Life
Raft
EO/IR Cabin Heater
Operator Console
Operator Seat
PBE SLAR
Emergency Exits
• Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
• IR / UV Line Scanner
• VIS Line Scanner
• Electro-Optical / Infrared Camera (EO / IR)
• Laser illuminator, Search light
• Video camera
• AIS Airborne/ELR Receiver
• Direct / Indirect data links
• SatCom
• Tactical radio and navigation aids (e.g.
TACAN, Encrypted Communication)
• Mission management systems
------------------------------------------------------------
• 360° Surveillance / Search radar (SAR)
• MWR microwave radiometer
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Special Operations Platform Sensors and Mission Systems
• Perpendicular beams (090/270)
• High resolution wave returns = sea
clutter (if sea clutter is visible oil spills
can be detected)
• Changes in waves are clearly visible
(oil covered water, ship waves)
• Oil spill area can be measured
• All weather, day & night
• High sea state
• Range right and left 20/40 NM
• Measurement of layer thickness not
possible
• SLAR - Primary sensor for detection of
oil spills
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Special Operations Platform Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
SLAR is the primary sensor
for detection of oil spills.
shown here Terma SLAR
Special Operations Platform Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
Terma SLAR 9000 (Picture from TERMA Doc 304608-RA)
Wave returns = Sea Clutter (wave-height, -length, -direction, wind, shore)
Oil spills
Ship
Ship
wave
Special Operations Platform
IR/ UV Linescanner
90° 1
00
0 f
t
• Ultra Violet Scanner makes different
reflections of water and oil spill visible
(daylight only)
• Infra Red Scanner makes different
surface temperature of water and oil
spill (less emissivity) visible (day &
night)
• Both sensors allow measurements of
oil spill thickness > 0.01 µm
scanner head
electr. box
shown here Optimare UV/IR Scanner
Detection
Identification
Collection of Evidence
Special Operations Platform Electro Optical / Infrared (EO/IR)
Sensors DSLR Camera with Data Annotation
COC - Central Operator Console
• Sensor management and - employment via network access
• Digital storage of sensor data for post mission analysis
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Dornier 228 New Generation Mission Endurance
Distance Airfield to Search Area (NM)
Searc
h T
ime (
Ho
urs
)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Distance Airfield to Search Area (NM)
Searc
h T
ime (
Ho
urs
)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
– 800
– 700
– 600
– 500
– 400
– 300
– 200
– 100
– 0
Searc
h A
rea 1
000 N
M3
Transit to Search Area
•Fleld Elevation 250 ft Delta ISA 0°C
•Climb with Best Climb Rate to FL 100
•Max Range Cruise Speed
•Wind 0 Kts, Descent Max Range
Search in the Area
• Delta ISA 0°C
• Search Altitude 4000 ft
• Max Endurance Speed
• Sensor Range (both sides) 40 NM
Transit back from Search Area
• Delta ISA 0°C
• Climb with Best Climb Rate to FL 100
• Max Range Cruise Speed
• Wind 0 Kts, Field Elevation 250 ft
MTOW 6575 kg
OWE 3900 kg
Mis. E. 600 kg
Fuel 2250 kg
Facts, Figures and Results German Airborne Oil Pollution Control Operations
Mission Summary Oil Pollution Control Flights
(since January 1986)
• Total number of missions: 10,850
• Detected pollutions: 4,301
• Ascertained polluters: 591
• Total flight hours: 33,239
Data as of May 2012
Aerial Surveillance Results 1986 - 2010 North and Baltic Sea
Pollution (P) per Flight (F) index
Conclusion
• Increased density and deterrence due to permanent presence of aircraft
• Quantity and size of detected pollutions
have decreased over the years
The German Navy Dornier 228 oil pollution control aircraft are constituting a
positive effect to marine to marine protection and are providing an essential
contribution to a global challenge
Questions?
Thank you for your attention!
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Germany
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