1. Relative clauses: which, who, that, where, when ..…………………. pg 2

2. Formal and less formal expressions ………………………………………. pg 3

3. Present perfect continuous ………………………………………. pg 5

4. Present perfect simple vs present perfect continuous.…….……………. pg 7

5. Special occasions vocabulary ………………………………………. pg 9

1

RELATIVE CLAUSES

which / that things

Ex. It’s the kind of company which/that organizes away days.

who / that people

Ex. That’s the woman who/that took the pictures at my wedding.

where places

Ex. That’s the house where I grew up.

when time or concept

Ex. These were the times when we were young. (time) Trust is when you believe in the goodness of other people. (concept)

whose it means “of who” or “of which”

Ex. That’s the girl whose motorbike was stolen. (of who)That’s the company whose director is so demanding. (of which)

SPEAK TO YOUR PARTNER

1. Ask each other the following questions. Use the relative clauses provided.

How would you describe a blue collar worker? (who)What's full time work? (which)Who is a sales person? (whose)What is a computer lab? (where)

When was the time you last cried? (when)

2

WRITING AN E-MAIL Formal and less formal expressions

1. Complete this formal e- mail using the following expressions.

6 Please do not hesitate to contact me should you Dear Ms Mc Donald Following my phone conversationWe look forward to hearing from you We would really appreciate it ifRegards Could / Would you please I am writing to confirm

(1)________________,(2)___________________________ with your manager today, (3)___________________________ that we are organizing a TV charity marathon in aid of the charity Kanga’s Kids on Friday 31 May. (4)___________________________ you could take part in the show. (5)___________________________ confirm your availability and whether you would be interested in visiting Kanga’s Kids centre. We could arrange a meeting with some of the children and they would love to meet you!We would be happy to make travel arrangements for you to Brisbane as well as organizing your accommodation for the evening of the marathon.(6)Please do not hesitate to contact me should you have any questions.(7)_______________________________________.(8)_________Brenda RiversFund-raising coordinatorTV4us charity marathon

3

2. Complete this informal e- mail using the following expressions.

This is just to confirm…Looking forward to seeing youCan you please send me…?…if you have any questions, please let me know. Hi Brenda!

6 Thanks Take careIt would be great if you could

(1)________________,(2)___________________________ that I am back now in Brisbane. (3)___________________________ an update on which celebrities are taking part in the charity marathon? Could you also let me know their availability so we can discuss order of appearance on the show and program the celebrity slots?(4)___________________________ send me this information by Friday and (5)________________________________________________. (6)Thanks.(7)_______________________________________.(8)_________Steve TaylorProducerTV4us

4

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSStructure –

AffirmativeSUBJ + have been / has been + -ING

NegativeSUBJ + haven’t been / hasn’t been + -ING

QuestionsChange word order

Short answershave /has OR haven’t / hasn’t

Use – 1. Unfinished actions: With for and since

I have been learning English for a few years now.I have been learning English since 1986.

2. To talk about the present consequence of an activity:

He is tired because he has been working a lot lately.

3. With adverbs: Between the auxiliary and the main verb – always, only, never, ever,

still and just.Ex. I’ve just been talking with the supplier.

At the start or end of the sentence – Lately and recently.Ex. Recently, she’s been working very hard.

5

6

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE vs PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLESUBJ + have + Past Participle

Ex I have seen your sister

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSSUBJ + have been / has been + -ING

Ex I have been seeing your sister

Use1 With state verbs (ex. Be,

know, have, like)I have had my flat for ten years nowWe have known each other since we were at primary school

Use1 With active verbs (ex. Learn,

run, study)She has been playing since Jack leftWe have been working in this firm for ages

2 For unfinished actions both have the same meaning

- I have worked here for two years - How long have you lived in Rome?

2 For unfinished actions both have the same meaning

I have been working here for two yearsHow long have you been living in Rome?

But, hen we’re using the Present Perfect Continuous to talk about recent activities, there can be differences in meaning.

He has been travelling a lot for work lately. (A situation that continues in the present)He’s travelled to a lot of countries. (Life experiences and completed actions)We’ve been packing all morning. (This is probably not finished)We’ve bought some new furniture. (This is a completed activity)

7

8

SPECIAL OCCASIONS VOCABULARY

1 Write each word under the right special occasion

New furniture – be pregnant – day off work – retire – parade – house-warming party –maternity leave – festival – pension – due date – leaving do – mortgage

Having a baby Moving house

Retirement Public Holiday

9

2 Write each word under the right special occasion

Career move – reception – honeymoon – new office – pay rise – get married

Promotion Wedding

VOCABULARY – TOPICS

3 Which of the four words or phrases is NOT connected with the topic?

1) Charity:

people in need hours donation fund-raising

2) Sports event:

championship final winner average

3) Hotels:

double room check-out taxi driver reception

4) Networking:

socialize greet else gossip

10