Dot Net Framework

Made By-

Avimanyu Verma

CS-12

Table of Contents What is .NET? History Versions overview .NET framework Features

Language Interoperability Language Independence Security Memory Management Simplified Deployment

Hierarchy Architecture

Common Language Interface Components

.NET Technical Architecture Compilation in .NET Comparison with J2EE .NET Languages ADO.NET ASP.NET

What?

Software framework It defines an environment that support the

development and execution of highly distributed, component based applications

FCL and CLR together constitute .NET Framework

History In late 1990s, Microsoft started

developing it under the name of Next Generation Windows Services(NGWS)

The first Microsoft .NET version 1.0 was released in November 2000

Since then, Microsoft has upgraded it in the following years and 8 other improved versions have came into existence

.NET versions overview-

Why .NET Framework?

Language Independence Language Interoperability Supports OOP concepts Supports Network Programming Supports Multi-Threading Programming Security

Features

Language Interoperability

Because computer systems commonly require interaction between newer and older applications, .NET Framework provides means to access functionality implemented in newer and older programs that execute outside .NET environment

Language Independence

○ .NET Framework introduces a Common Type System, or CTS

○ .NET Framework supports the exchange of types and object instances between libraries and applications written using any conforming .NET language

Simplified deployment

○ .NET Framework includes design features and tools which help manage the installation of computer software to ensure that it does not interfere with previously installed software, and that it conforms to security requirements

Security

○ .NET has its own security mechanism with two general features: 

Code Access Security (CAS), and validation and verification

○  CAS is based on evidence that is associated with a specific assembly. Typically the evidence is the source of the assembly

Memory Management

○ CLR frees the developer from the burden of managing memory (allocating and freeing up when done); it handles memory management itself by detecting when memory can be safely freed

○ .NET Framework includes a garbage collector which runs periodically, on a separate thread from the application's thread, that enumerates all the unusable objects and reclaims the memory allocated to them

Hierarchy-

Architecture

Common Language Infrastructure(CLI)-

provide a language-neutral platform and functions for application development and execution

Common Intermediate Language (CIL) code is housed in CLI assemblies

assemblies are stored in Portable Executable (PE) format, common on Windows platform for all DLL and EXE files

Components-

Common Language Runtime○ execution engine of .NET Framework○ All .NET languages must obey the rules and

standards imposed by CLR. Examples:Object declaration, creation and useData types, language librariesError and exception handlingInteractive Development Environment (IDE)

○ manages memory, thread execution, code execution, code safety verification, compilation, and other system services(intrinsic features)

○ Enforces code robustness by implementing a strict type-and-code-verification infrastructure called the common type system (CTS)

○ Enforces code access security

○ The managed environment of the runtime eliminates many common software issues

○ Accelerates developer productivity

○ consists of classes, interfaces of reusable types that integrates CLR

.NET Framework Class Library

○ library of functionality available to all languages using .NET Framework

○ provides classes that encapsulate a number of common functions, including file reading and writing, graphic rendering, database interaction , XML document manipulation, and so on

○ consists of classes, interfaces of reusable types that integrates CLR

○ foundation on which .NET Framework applications, components, and controls are built

○ Just like an object-oriented class library, the .NET Framework types enable you to accomplish a range of common programming tasks, including tasks such as string management, data collection, database connectivity, and file access

○ In addition, third-party components can integrate seamlessly with classes in the .NET Framework

○ For example, the .NET Framework collection classes implement a set of interfaces that you can use to develop your own collection classes. Your collection classes will blend seamlessly with the classes in the .NET Framework

.NET Technical Architecture

Compilation in .NET

Code in VB.NET Code in C#Code in another .NET Language

VB.NET compiler C# compilerAppropriate

Compiler

IL(IntermediateLanguage) code

CLR just-in-timeexecution

Similarities

Based on virtual machinesBoth use their own intermediate byte-codesProvide extensive class librariesSupport similar services like code

verification, memory management via garbage collection, code security , etc

Comparison with Java&J2EE

Differences

With .NET, byte-code is always JIT compiled. Whereas, with JAVA, it is either JIT compiled or interpreted

.NET is currently fully available only on MICROSOFT environment. Whereas, JAVA is fully available on many platforms

Web services support in .NET is inbuilt but in JAVA it is available as an Add-on

.NET languages

C# - Bears similarities to C++ and JAVA Jscript.NET – Compiled version of JScript C, C++ - A managed version Visual Basic .NET – A redesigned version IronPython – developed by Jim Hugunin at

Microsoft J# - A JAVA and J++ .NET transitional

language

ADO.NET Stand for ActiveX Data Objects

Set of computer software components that can be used by programmers to access data and data services

Part of base class library

ASP.NET

Set of web application technologies

Programmers use it to build dynamic websites, web applications and XML web services

Built on CLR

Queries?

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