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Dr Alexander KarpovChief, Observing Systems Division
WWW Department
World Meteorological Organization
Weather – Climate - Water
RA III Regional Training Seminar on CLIMAT & CLIMAT TEMP Reporting
Buenos Aires, Argentina25-27 October 2006
Overview of theWorld Weather Watch
Operations
April 1963 - the Fourth Meteorological Congress enthusiastically adopted the idea of the World Weather Watch (WWW).
A fundamental principle was that the World Weather Watch,
- would be implemented and operated by Members themselves
- to the extent that their resources permitted, and
- in accordance with the agreed Plan
Implementation of WWW facilities
outside national territories
would be based on voluntary participation of countries providing equipment and services from their resources.
To assist States less able to contribute and to benefit from the global system, a
Voluntary Assistance Programme(now Voluntary Cooperation Programme)
was established.
•GARP became a synegeric research element for the development and planning of the WWW
The WWW still has three readily identifiable interconnected (integrated) components (also known as Basic Systems):
•Global Observing System (GOS)
•Global Telecommunication System(GTS)
•Global Data-processing and Forecasting System (GDPFS)
Adopted in 1967,
the WWW Plan and Implementation Programme has been reviewed and revised on several occasions,taking into account:
•The evolving needs of Members
•The possibilities offered by scientific & technological developments
In particular, Member’s Agreement on the integration of Obs, Telecoms and Processing had foreseen that:
•Each partner owes & operates its own system;
•Each partner agrees to use standards and conventions such that other partners can use his observations;
•Each partner agrees to interface specifications that his observations can be transmitted over the GTS and downloaded to be used by other partners;
•Each partner agrees to a specific level of data quality .
It soon became obvious that,
WWW Basic systems could also serve the needs of Members in other areas, e.g.
•GCOS
•GTOS
•GOOS/JCOMM
•WHyCOS
•GAW/WWRP, etc.
To predict the weather, modern meteorology depends upon near instantaneous exchange of weather information across the entire globe.
The World Weather Watch (WWW),the core of the WMO Programmes,combines observing systems,telecommunication facilities, and data-processing and forecasting centres -operated by Members – to make available meteorological and related geophysical information needed to provide efficient services in all countries.
The WWW is a unique achievement in international cooperation: in few other fields of human endeavour, and particularly in science and technology, is there - or has there ever been - such a truly world-wide operational system to which virtually every country in the world contributes, every day of every year, for the common benefit of mankind.
Through the WWW ProgrammeWMO Members coordinate and implementstandardization of measuring methods and techniques, common telecommunication procedures, and the presentation of observed dataand processed information in amanner which is understood by all,regardless of language.
These arrangements, as well as the operation of the WWW facilities, are coordinated and monitored by WMO with a view to ensuring that every country has available all of the information it needs to provide weather services on a day-to-day basis as well as for long-term planning and research.
An increasingly important part of the WWW Programme provides support for developing international programmes related to global climate and other environmental issues, and to sustainable development.
WMO Programme StructureWMO Programme Structure
World Weather Watch ProgrammeWorld Weather Watch Programme
Technical Co-operation ProgrammeTechnical Co-operation Programme
Education and Training ProgrammeEducation and Training Programme
WorldWorldClimateClimate
ProgrammeProgramme
AtmosphericAtmosphericResearch Research
and and EnvironmentEnvironmentProgrammeProgramme
ApplicationsApplicationsofof
MeteorologyMeteorologyProgrammeProgramme
HydrologyHydrologyandand
WaterWaterResourcesResourcesProgrammeProgramme
WMO/OMM
COMMISSION FOR BASIC COMMISSION FOR BASIC SYSTEMSSYSTEMS
Open Programme Area Groups (OPAGs):
• OPAG on Integrated Observing Systems (IOS)
• OPAG on Integrated System and Services (ISS)
• OPAG of Global Data-Processing and Forecasting Systems (DPFS)
• OPAG on Public Weather Services (PWS)
COMMISSION FOR BASIC SYSTEMSCOMMISSION FOR BASIC SYSTEMS
MANAGEMENT GROUP
President of CBS Vice-president of CBS
Chairs and Co-chairs of OPAGs
OPAG on Integrated
Observing Systems
OPAG on Information Systems
and Services
OPAG on Data Processing and Forecasting Systems
OPAG on Public Weather
Services
ICT on IOS
ET on Observational Data Requirements and
Redesign of the GOS
ET on Satellite Utilization and Products
ET on Satellite Systems
ET on Requirements for Data from
Automatic Weather Stations
Rapp. OSEs/OSSEs (Global)
Rapp. OSEs/OSSEs (Regional)
Rapp. GCOS Matters
Rapp. Regulatory Material
Rapp. Improuvement to Vol. A
Rapp. AMDAR
ICT on ISS
ET on Data Representation and Codes
ET on Migration to Table-driven Code Forms
Inter-programme Task Team on thze (Future)
WMO Information System
ET on Integrated Data Management
ET on Improved MTN and GTS
Steering Group on Radio- Frequency Coordination
ET on Enhanced Utilization of Data Communication Systems
Rapp. WWW Monitoring
ICT on DPFS
Emergency Response Activities -
Coordination Group
ET to Develop a Verification System on Long-range Forecast
ET on Infrastructure for Long-range Forecast
Rapp. Application of NWP to Severe Weather Forecasting
Rapp. Impact of Changes of the GOS on NWP
ICT on PWS
ET on Product Development and
Service Assessment
ET on Warnings and Forecasts, Exchange
Understanding and Use
ET on Media Issues
C I M O S t r u c tu r e
ET on Surface TechnologyChair + 8 M em bers
5 Representatives of other Bodies
ET on Surface-Based Instrum entIn tercoparisons and Calibration M ethods
Chair + 5 M em bers2 Representatives of other Bodies
ET on M eteoro logical Radiation andAtnospheric Com position Measurem ents
Chair + 3 M em bers3 Representatives of other Bodies
O PAGSurface O bservation Technology
2 C o-chairs
ET on Upgrad ing the G lobalRadiosonde Netw ork
Chair + 7 M em bers3 Representatives of other Bodies
ET on Upper-Air System sIntercom parisonsChair + 5 M em bers
1 Representative of other Body
ET on Rem ote Sensing Upper-AirTechnology and Techniques
Chair + 11 M em bers2 Representatives of other Bodies
O PAGUpper Air Observation Technology
3 C o-chairs
ET on Train ing Activitiesand Training M aterials
Chair + 6 M em bers
ET on R ICs, QM System s andCom m ercial Instrum ent In itiatives
Chair + 7 M em bers
ET on C IM O G uideand In form ation Dissem ination
Chair + 3 M em bers
O PAGCapacity B uilding
2 C o-chairs
CIM O M ANAG EM ENT G RO UPPresident
V ice-P resident7 O PAG C o-cairs
DATA MANAGEMENT
PRODUCT GENERATION
Global DataProcessing and
Forecasting System
GDPFS
DATA AND PRODUCT USERS
FLOW OF INFORMATION
DATA COLLECTION
GlobalObserving
System
GOS
DATA ANDPRODUCT
TRANSPORT
GlobalTelecommunication
System
GTS
WMO/OMM
Global Observing System:Global Observing System:
• Provides observations for all other WMO Provides observations for all other WMO programmes (including aviation, climate, programmes (including aviation, climate, agriculture, environment, disaster agriculture, environment, disaster prevention and mitigation)prevention and mitigation)
• Operated by National Meteorological Operated by National Meteorological ServicesServices
• Data requirements evolve with technologyData requirements evolve with technology
The Global Observing System of the WWW comprises surface and space-based subsystems;
data obtained are transmitted via the Global Tele-communication System to the Global Data-Processing & Forecasting System, where required information and products are produced and sent to the users.
Typical daily coverage of surface observations from land (red) and VOS (blue) stationsTypical daily coverage of surface observations from land (red) and VOS (blue) stations
At present over 11 000 manned and automatic weather stations on land and about 7 000 voluntary observing ships (VOS) at sea provide measurements and observations
Global Data-Processing Global Data-Processing and Forecasting System:and Forecasting System:
• World Meteorological CentresWorld Meteorological Centres
• Regional Specialized Meteorological CentresRegional Specialized Meteorological Centressuch as for example:such as for example:– Tropical Cyclone ForecastingTropical Cyclone Forecasting
– Environmental Emergency ResponseEnvironmental Emergency Response
• National Meteorological CentresNational Meteorological Centres
GLOBAL DATA PROCESSING AND FORECASTING SYSTEM
GDPS Centres running models
Muchas Gracias !Muchas Gracias !