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Problem Statement
South African schools are often unsure of how to proceed with learners who are a victim of other cyber threats because of a policies and procedures vacuum on how to deal with cyber threats.
Aim
A framework for an Cyber Awareness Implementation Plan (CAIP) to assist schools to take action against cyber threats.
Children & Technology
• Encourage learners to be computer literate • MySpace, Face book, YouTube, e-mails, instant
messages, chat rooms and blogs ….• Increase use of school network and mobile phones• Results in cyber threats (for example cyber bullying )• No increase in awareness of safe practices in the use
of technology• No appropriate support by teachers, parents,
government.
Children & Technology
South African studies shows that about 70% of South Africans owns a cell phone where 98%-99% of all high school learners own a cell phone (Tustin, Van Aardt, Shai,2009; Czerniewic, 2010).
From those that own cell phones 75.4% uses mobile phones to access the Internet.(Tustin, Van Aardt, Shai,2009; Czerniewic, 2010).
School & Technology (1/2)
• Schools have a mandate to ensure that they are providing their learners with a quality and safe educational environment.
• Schools do not have policies & plans regarding how to address cyber safety.
• Teachers are mostly not trained to deal with cyber incidents.
• Teachers are often unsure of how to address issues regarding cyber safety.
School & Technology (2/2)
• School do not have any curriculums in place regarding cyber safety.
• Lack of knowledge, skills and funds by teachers
Digital era
Negative impact of digital era:• Inappropriate or illegal online behaviour,• Physical danger and sexual abuse,• Exposure to unsuitable materials,• Plagiarism and copy infringement,• Obsessive use of Internet and• more
Cyber Awareness ActionsVital to educate learners & teachers how to:• Interpret and integrate information,• Evaluate the quality of information,• Manage information's effectively.
Only through proper cyber education & awarenesscan learners obtain “drivers licence” for using technology.
Proposed framework
• Cyber Awareness Implantation Plan (CAIP).• Focuses on schools.• Using current documentation:
DOE e-guidelines Child protection act DOC Cyber security policy International document – Byron Report
CAIP
DOE guidelines
CAIP
Rules & Regulations
Cyber use Agreement
Education & Awareness
Role players
Responsibilities
Evaluation & MonitoringAssessment
Children's Act
SA Schools Act
Incident handling(others) Enforcement
CAIP
• It is vital that schools have c-safety initiatives and procedures in place to ensure cyber-safety (Valcke, Schellens, Van Keer
& Gerars, 2006).
• Before any school can start managing c-safety, they should have a c-safety policy in place. This c-safety policy should be used as a guideline as to what must be managed and how this should be done (Kritzinger & Von Solms,
2005).
• The primary purpose of a c-safety policy is to protect the school as well as the children again cyber risks.
CAIP – Rules & Regulations
• Two documents: Teachers & Learners.• Outline the key terms and conditions of use of school.
online services.• Online behaviour.• Access privileges.• Consequences of non-compliances.
CAIP – Education & Training
• Training for teachers & children.• General cyber awareness – Workbooks & Days.• CAIP must be discussed.• Awareness on a continuous basis.• Technical issues: Antivirus software and monitoring.• Non-technical issues: Cyber bullying and plagiarism.
CAIP – Role PlayersIt is vital that role players know what the issues are and
how to address them (Greenfield, 2004). Role players are:• School Management.• IT teacher / Life skills teacher.• Parents.• Learners.• SAPS.• Child protection service.• Legal advice.
Teacher C-safety teamParticipate
Child
Cyber safe environment
Initiatives
guidance
Initiate
participate
Parents
enforce
enforce
monitor
monitor
School
Home
Role players & Responsibilities
CAIP -Agreement• Cyber Use Agreements must be in place for all
students & teachers.• They must be agreed to and signed by the student
and his/her parents. • A signed copy of the agreement is placed in the
student’s file for reference. • They must be reviewed and updated regularly to
ensure their appropriateness and effectiveness. • Two separate policies can be developed, learner
specific and teacher specific.
CAIP – Agreement• The policy/s should be passed by a legal service, Child
Protection Act and SAPS. • CAIP must explicitly cover the following:
The school’s responsibility and rights towards ICT use; The learner’s responsibilities and rights towards ICT
use; The parent/guardians responsibility and rights towards
ICT use; and The consequences if the policy is not adhered to.
• All learners should sign it, indicating that they accept the policy and related sanctions.
• All role players must be made aware of the content and consequences of the policy.
CAIP – Incident handlingCyber incident
Is a suspected e-crime?
Is it a suspected child protection issue?
Is the incident a breach of CAIP
Education & Awareness
Contact SAPS
Contact abuse Report line
Contact School Management
Resolve issue
Keep record
Review CAIP
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Monitoring
Assistance to Schools
Schools must also be provided with:• Templates: Policies, Agreements, ….;• Resources: Workbooks (next presentation);• Training for life skills teachers and• National cyber awareness day.