DR. ESPER JACOB NCUBEIWA AFRICA WATER SAFETY PLAN WORKSHOP

NAIROBI, KENYA 24TH – 26TH MAY 2011

- Laico Regency Hotel -

1. INTRODUCTION

2. CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS

3. IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE

4. CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL WSP

IMPLEMENTATION

5. WSP IMPLEMENTATION BENEFITS

6. CONCLUSIONS

The WSP is a concept for developing a process-orientated observation of the water supply

The main goal of WSPs is to identify and eliminate all the possible risks in the water supply system, that is potential risks of water

pollution in the catchment throughout the distribution network to the consumers taps

WSPs have been developed to organize and systematize a long history of management practices applied to drinking water and to ensure the applicability of these practices to the management of

drinking water quality

Take it for granted that the water they receive will always be wholesome.

That it will be available when needed.Must be safe; for lifelong consumption.

Must be palatable (Taste, Odour and Feel);Must be aesthetically appealing (Clear);Must be aesthetically appealing (Clear);

Should not contain any chemical or radiological substances deleterious to healthShould be free of pathogenic organisms;

Be stable as far as possible.It will be supplied at a reasonable cost.

It will be supplied at the adequate pressure.

The plan in itself has no value

The value in the plan, although simple, is in its appropriate

implementation

It is not about the plan but about the people that implement the

plan

It is about ordinary people achieving extraordinary results due

to the correct attitude, skills and experience

IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE (contd)(contd)

Access to adequate water supply does not guarantee access

to safe drinking water.

Access to an improved water supply (household connection,

public standing pipes, protected springs or boreholes does not

mean that the consumers have access to a safe water supply.

Knowledge of potential polluters of water systems without

action is fruitless

Consumer complaints

Help Desk

Consum er education

Em ployee training

Custom er CareSub-com m itte

Quality managerZone/ara 1

OperationsmanagerZone/area

Bulk DistributionSub-cCom itee

ProcessRepairs/maintenanc

PipelineRepairs/maintenance

EngineeringSub-com m itee

Operations chem istPlant/system 1

Research scientistChem ist

M icrobiologist

Hydro-biologist

Scientific servicesSub-com m itee

Operations quality scientistPlant/system 1

Operations managerPlant/system 1

M aintenance M anagerPlant/system 1

Operationssub-com m itee

ISOQuality m anagers

W QSPSite m anagers

Risk ControlSubcom m itee

W QSPSteering comm iteee

W QSPCham pion

The organisation’s commitment to drinking water quality shall be demonstrated by: -establishing a drinking water quality policy statement

-establishing water quality objectives

-conducting regular management reviews on water quality issues

N.B-This statement must be reviewed at least annually, shared with top management and relevant stakeholders

This factor enables the Water Services Providers to accurately construct system flow diagrams that will enable: Accurate hazard analysis from catchment to tap and the level of risk presented by each identified hazard.Accurate identification of appropriate measures to control the identified risks to guarantee the safety of the water supply (compliance to standards, guidelines, objectives or targets to ensure adequate infrastructure and public health protection).Accurate identification of critical control pointsAccurate establishment of operational limits andAccurate identification, establishment and development of monitoring programmesAccurate asset life cycle management

Your supply system flow diagram

Determine or identify critical control points along the supply system

Understanding the potential risks of inadequate source water

protection

Understanding potential risks at production level

Understanding potential risks along the distribution network

Understanding potential risks at the consumer connections

Understanding potential risks at the point of use

5-Understanding and implementing risk control measures6-Monitoring the effectiveness of risk control measures7-Understanding operations management processes-competent operators8-Identification & Developing appropriate tools and management plans (for example incident management plans)

95.50

96.00

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97.00

97.50

98.00

98.50

99.00

99.50

0.000

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

70.000

80.000

%

cumec

Barrage Flow (m3/s) VD Inflow (m3/s) VD Discharge (m3/s) VD Percentage (%)

Suikerbosrant R iver

K lip R iver

TaaibosspruitLeeuspruit

Not to scale

Rietspruit

Sampling point

Barrage

8

7

6

5

41

2

3

AscotBridge Lethabo W eir

SASOLBURG

VANDERBI J LPARK

VEREENI GI NG

R ailw ayBridge

R 26 Freew ay Br idge

F.W .D e K lerk

Bridge

Baddrif Br idge

INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED O N WATER SAM PLESCO LLECTED AT THE RESPECTIVE SAM PLING PO INTS (REFER M AP)

Predicted sym ptom s due toalgal growth

Possible skin irritation

Possible skin infection

Possible in testinal disorders #Floating scums

Odours

Colour

Sam pling points

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Predicted sym ptom s due tobacteria

Possible skin infection

Possible in testinal disorders #

Sam pling points

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

# If ingested Shaded area = Sym ptom predicted

Map redrawn from originalby C atchment Planning

Deanne vd Merwe

L uci ana C ountr y C l ub

S hor es of Lochvaal

L ochvaal C lub

Vi l l age M anor

R iet spr ui t W ei r

A brahamsr ustP leasur e R esort

C l avadelC aravan Park

R iversi de S un H otel

E mf ulen iPar k E l i gwa

C l ub

LETH ABO IN TA KE

R ivi era A quat i c C lub

D ickinson Park

R ivi era I nt er nat i onal H ot eland C ountr y C lub

Vosl ooPar k

N

Recreation report

Suitability of the Water in the

Catchment forWater contact

& sports

Hein H. Du Preez Biology Section, Analytical Services, Rand Water

Table 5.4 Risks listed according to Hazard priority rating

Source Water

Drinking Water

E-coli 25% 99%

Thermo tolerant (faecal) coliform bacteria 95% #DIV/0!

Fluoride as F- (health) 2.92 1.17 Plant improved risk to medium level (not adequate)

(Nitrate as nitrite) as N (health) 1.58 1.33 Risk reduce but still at same level (Medium risk)

Sulfate as SO4= (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Aluminium as Al (health) 0.00 0.75 Risk added during treatment process

Antimony as Sb (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Arsenic as As (health) 3.00 0.08 Plant adequate to redress risk in source water

Cadmium as Cd (health) #DIV/0! 3.00

Total Chromium as Cr (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Cobalt as Co (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Copper as Cu (health) 0.00 0.08 Risk increase but still below SANS class 1

Cyanide (recoverable) as CN- (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Lead as Pb (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Mercury as Hg (health) 0.00 0.00 No risk in source water no risk to exceeding SANS

Nickel as Ni (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Selenium as Se (health) 3.00 0.50

Vanadium as V (health) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Total Trihalomethanes (health) 0.00 2.33 High risk resulted from treatment process

Colour (aesthetic) 1.50 0.08

Action RequiredDeterminant

Risk Level

Hazard Priority A: Microbiological

Hazard Priority B: Health

Hazard Priority C: Aesthetic & Operational

This presents potential hazards !

Renovation of sample pointSterilization of sample point

Cleaning of surroundingConduct inspections

Algae Incident Management protocolDirty Water Management Protocol

E.Coli Management protocolProtozoa Management protocolDisinfection control procedure

Generic protocol for the selection and prioritization of organic contaminants for monitoring in the drinking

water supply chain

positive relationship with external stakeholders

internal and

external customer

awareness creation

Consumer complaints handling (call centre, dedicated full time staff compliment, consumer complaints handling procedures)

Employee awareness training (Basic WSP training, induction courses, dedicated budget for employee training approved by top

management through the national Skills Development Act, Personal development plans, part of performance management reviews

Communication (customer interaction protocol emphasizing on WSPsEducation support programmes focusing on water quality and water

quantity aspects (Water wise education)

Special Projects

Information Dissemination

CMA’s & Catchment

Forums

Impoundment management

Pollution Control & Site Inspections

Monitoring & Sampling

Study international practice

Adapt best practice for own use

Define outcomes and responsibilities

Ensure that Rand Water remains updated on latest national and international

legislative requirements and customer needs

Criteria for Blue Drop Status To receive a BLUE DROP - comply with 95% of the weighted criteria

Criterion Allocated Weight (%)

YEAR 1

YEAR 2

YEAR 3+

1 Water Safety Plan 0 5 10

2 Process Controllers and Supervisors 10 10 10

3 DWQ Monitoring Programmes 20 15 10

4 DWQ Sample Analysis 5 5 5

5 Submission of DWQ Results 10 5 5

6 DWQ Compliance 35 30 30

7 Management of DWQ Failures 20 15 15

8 Publication of DWQ Performance 0 5 5

9 Drinking Water Asset Management 0 10 10

100 100 100

Increased internal and external confidence in the product (water quality)Creation of unity in diversity towards water quality assurance

(internal[multi-structures in the organization] and external (national government (GVT), other GVT departments, Local authorities, catchment forums, etc)Improvement in information (right information across the supply chain) gathering-communication, processing, decision making, financial control (raw water quality and chemical budgeting)Improving the profile of the people that take part in the water quality management business

Personal development (giving context of one’s job and broadening the understanding of the total management systemImproves the speed of reaction (turnaround time in problem solving), improved decision makingGood risk management practicesExcellent knowledge flow through the participants in the supply chainReduced uncertaintyObligation and buy in from all parties from top to bottom (KPAS, KPIs in performance contracts for all managers)Understanding the supply system contributes to accurate identification of bottle necks, accountabilities, opportunities for process and information optimization, Management processes that become a tool for training and a memory for the organization

It has facilitated the development of early warning systems, for example the detection of microbiological overloads before disinfection through the application of the hazards analysis critical control point approach (HACCP). This has allowed the monitoring of microbiological hazards (algal cells, E.coli, Total coliforms, protozoa) at critical control points (CCPs) rather than relying mainly on end-point treatment such as chlorination.This approach has reduced the chances of risk of infection to consumers andAccurate identification of components of a good management system

The WSP focuses on the whole supply chain, hence if implemented effectively the benefits will be visible across the whole supply chain

Raw water becomes important for people to understand and change their behaviour to support source water protection initiatives.Design/upgrade of infrastructure (booster station/reservoirs) become important because you understand system needsWSPs have prompted a clear commitment to the development and implementation of a set of preventive risk management activities to support public health protection initiatives.WSPs provide a platform for continuous improvement, evaluation and verification processes.

Public Health cannot advance without safe water”

R.Bertollini, Director, WHO Regional office for Europe