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Innovative Extension Methodologies – A successful model for

Transfer of Technologies to Tribal Farmers

Dr. Lakshmana KellaProgramme Coordinator

KVK::RastakuntubaiVizianagaram dt

OPERATIONAL AREA

KVKKVK

KVK

District falls under Two Agro climatic Zones

• Plain coastal Areas zone • High Altitude and tribal Zone

Variation in Socio economic, educational, cultural, climatic, situational, soils and topography etc.,

High altitude and tribal area zone• Dominated by the tribal population• With low socio economic status• Most of the tribal hamlets are very small• Dispersed, remote and do not have adequate

transport facilities• Many other cultural, social, communication

barriers for TOT• Tribal are conservative• They are traditional and• Social restrictions and problems restrict

them to not interact freely • Very meagre communication and

infrastructure facilities• Their major entertainment restricted to

weekly shandy

Major tribes in the district

Savara Jatapu Gadaba

Kammara Khonds Mali

SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS OF DIFFERENT

TRIBES Tribe Population Social

StatusLiteracy

OCCUPATION

Savara 62,979 PTG 34.50 Small farmers, Shifting cultivation, terrace farming, collection of forest produce

Jatapus 48,613 38.90 Medium to big farmers

Konda Dora

46,381 35.09 shifting cultivation and settled cultivation

Gadaba 16,078 PTG 36.63 Cultivate Ragi, Red gram, Niger in their Podu lands

Kammara 15,010 39.68 CARPENTARY

Khonds 15,324 17.81 Agriculture

Goudu 7,749 26.14 shifting cultivation and cattle rearing

Mali 2,513 PTG 26.48 Agriculture

Opportunities for Different / Innovative Extension methodologies

• Potential literate group among the tribal is the youth

• Adoption of improved technologies is less compared to plains

• Besides there is lot of variation in their customs, habits, culture

Hence after a preliminary data collection and experience in working with tribal farmers the KVK thought of implementing different innovative extension methodologies exclusively for the tribal farmers for dissemination of the technologies

INNOVATIVE EXTENSION METHODOLOGIES

Farm Science clubs for Transfer of Technology

Tribal youth Network programme

Convergence Village Approach

Publication of literature in local dialects

School Nutrition garden

FARM SCIENCE CLUBS in Tribal Schools and Colleges

FARM SCIENCE CLUBS

Concept of farm science clubs : Learning - Sharing – Dissemination

Student members selection criteria :1. Secondary and junior collegiate level2. Voluntary participation3. Interest in helping the farmers

Total of three clubs were formed to fasten the process of TOT and to know impact of these clubs

Year of initiation - 2011

FARM SCIENCE CLUBS

The main objective of initiating Science club is for transfer of technology using the students as media to disseminate information to the farmers/parents who are living far away from the cosmopolite society.

The Objectives are

1. To disseminate the technical information to more people with less time and infrastructure in remote areas.

2. To interact with the students and motivate towards scientific learning & create interest in research activities among tribal students.

3. To motivate / attract the tribal youth towards agriculture

Initiation -Information-Interaction-Intervention

KVK

Tribal farmers

Tribal students

InterventionsFor TOTField VisitTrainingOFTFLD

InitiationInteraction

Interaction

Interaction

TechnologyCapacity building

Initiation

The process involves - 4 Is Model

AwarenessKnowledge

Skills

AdoptionAdoption

Information

FARM SCIENCE CLUBS Brief list of activities of science clubsFortnightly interaction sessions on agricultural technologies

Field visit by the Science club members to KVK

Information centre at Science club

Distribution of information material

Organization of guest lectures

Organization of other activities like quiz competitions, essay writing competitions etc

Participation in NSS activities of the College – Training programme

Farm Science club activities

1. Dr. N Sudhakar, ZPD and Dr. P G Reddy, Director of Extension interacting with Science club members

2. DDE, Convening the science club Meeting in KVK

3. ADR, RARS, Chintapalle interacting with science club members

4. Science Club Meeting at G.J.College, Kurupam

Science club activities

1,2,3 Science club members on their visit to KVK

Ambedkar Jayanthi organised at school

Agricultural Information centre in Farm science club

Evaluation of Farm Science clubsPre and Post Evaluation

Topics covered : Cashew orchard management, Soil testing and its importance, IPM in redgram, Cultivation aspects of millets, drum seeder technology paddy etc.,

Awareness : On improved crop technologies

Knowledge TestOn an average 12% marks scored by the respondents on

the subjects before training and 34 % after exposure by lecture supplemented by information material

47 % after exposure by lecture supplemented by information material and field visit

Role of Farm science clubs in TOTThe members of science clubs interacting with their parents, youth and other farmers in the villages

pasted the information material to the walls of their houses

giving the contact numbers of the KVK scientists to the farmers with a advice to contact for information on improved technologies etc

Students distributing information material to the parents

Feed back and Follow up of Farm Science clubs

23 farmers called back during pre kharif 2013

Youth clubs from villages Raimanuguda and G Kothaguda villages approached the KVK

Farmers of Raimanuguda organised an awareness programme and invited the KVK scientists as resource persons

Farmers of G K Guda organised an awareness programme and invited the KVK scientists as resource persons

List of topics of their Training needs as per the farmersCashew orchard management and tea mosquito managementPest and disease management in paddyPackage of practices of MaizePractices for higher yields in millets and redgram

Feed back and Follow up of Farm Science clubs

TRIBAL YOUTH NETWORK PROGRAMME

Objectives:• To empower the tribal youth knowledge on various farm

activities• To promote change agents for transfer of technology

between scientists and farmers in remote areas where there is no communication and transport facilities

• To share the information among the tribal youth on various agriculture and allied enterprises to form a network of youth – scientists - farmer

Methodology: Fortnightly training and interaction sessions sharing of information among participants Exposure Visits.

Tribal Youth Network Programme

Inaugurated by Dr. P. Giddareddy, Director of Extension, ANGRAU, Dr. N. Sudhakar, Zonal Project Director, Zone-V, ICAR and Dr. M. Venkunaidu, Associate Dean & Member of Board of Management, ANGRAU on 06.02.2013 with 60 tribal youth

TRIBAL YOUTH NETWORK PROGRAMME

Activities:• Organised 13 fortnightly interaction sessions so for

on• Zero tillage maize and pest management• Drum seeder technology in paddy• Tea mosquito management in cashew• Soil sampling and soil test based fertiliser

management• Pest and disease Management in paddy• Information sharing on marketting

Convergence village Approach for wholistic development

Village selected – Durbilli of Kurupam mandalDepartments involved & : KVKOrganisations involved Department of Agriculture

ATMA, Vizianagaram ITDA, Parvathipuram FTC, Vizianagaram Department of Animal husbandry Department of Horticulture NGOs – JATTU, Parvathipuram

and GPK, Kurupam

Brief list of activities : FLDs on IFS under RKVY & Drum seeder technology in paddyOrganic certification for Redgram and millets (FTC)Convergence with ITDA, ATMAOrganisation of capacity building programme in collaboration with NGOs

Convergence of all allied departments in the village

Durbilli (V) Kurupam (M)Vizianagaram dt

Publication of literature in Savara local dialect

Information material released by Hon’ble Vice - Chancellor ANGRAU

Organised reading group of savara publication

SCHOOL NUTRITION GARDEN TO EDUCATE ILLITERATE MOTHERS

Objectives :1)To promote knowledge about nutrition problems & its consequences

in school going children2) To change the attitude towards healthy foods 3) To impart the practice of raising nutrition gardens to acquire

Protective foods there by to educate their illiterate mothers.