Dr. M V Ananthakrishnan29 March 20051 e-governance and Development: Impact, Assessment &...

Dr. M V Ananthakrishnan 29 March 2005 1

e-governance and Development: Impact, Assessment & Sustainability, 21-22 March 2005

Seminaron

e-Governance and DevelopmentImpact, Accessibility and Sustainability

21-22 March 2005A REPORT

Dr. M V AnanthakrishnanMedia Lab Asia, KReSIT

Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai



e-Governance: Its Acceptance?Prof. Banerjee, Dean, Research & International Relations, IIT

• Need of buy-in is essential for acceptance of e-governance

• Need to take care of the various Indian languages

• Need of a cheap and user-friendly technology

• Need to exploit the power of information

• Need to include regional biases

• Need to provide information that is CREDIBLE!

… and WHAT ARE PEOPLE’S EXPECTATIONS OF e-GOVERNANCE?



What ails e-Governance?Mr. Kharat, Mitra Consulting, Mumbai

• Need of a framework to evaluate

• Need to study the impact

• Need to know the success factors of e-governance

• Need to study the influence of people, culture, institution and finances on sustainability

• Technology alone will not work

• Most projects don’t survive beyond 2 years!

… MONITORING AND ANSWERABILITY ESSENTIAL



e-Governance: Role of ICTProf. Atanu Ghosh, SJSOM, IIT

• ICT is a hygiene factor and not a competitive advantage!

• One need to take the dividends of ICT across the entire spectrum

MANUALPROCESS

RE-ENGINEER AUTOMATE



TheWarana Wire Village ProjectMr. Ram Mahuli, Finance Manager, Warana Project

• Warana, a complex having sugar-co-operatives, milk production, markets, educational and health facilities

• More than 20,000 farmers constitute the sugar co-operative

• The wired network provides for

• Weather predictions

• The right product/crop at the right time

• Healthcare data

• Serves Kolhapur, Satara, Karad and Sangli

• Introduction of Plastic money

• LIC-developed software…but no support!

… Value addition of ICT seen in the rural life…in terms of good services



e-Governance: IssuesMr. Ram Mahuli, Finance Manager, Warana Project

• Kiosks as potential contact centres

•Financial Viability of Kiosks vis-à-vis e-governance

•Possibility of additional services (data entry, printing, email etc.)

•Redesign of kiosks to help old people and handicapped

• Need of SHGs (success seen in solving diseases related to the sugarcane crop)

• Example of AKSHAYA (in Kerala)

• Operated by handicapped people

• 11% are women, gainfully employed in ICT related services (Mallaparam)

• Training of Blind people

• Finance provided by ICICI Bank



e-Governance: Projects of 3i InfotechMr. Shreenath, Head, e-Governance, 3i Infotech

Municipal Corporation of Delhi

• The Status

• Computer Literacy (<1%)

• Indifference (cutting off opportunities for under-the table money!)

• Identification of win-win areas for exploitation

• Identification of a computer-savvy person in each department (started with the RTO)

• Strategies

• Buy in of stakeholders

• Perception of role by oneself and by others

• Government’s perception of e-governance




Uttaranchal

• The Status

• Not much information in the form of records

• Strategies

• Need of a new process

• Data collection

• Including data in the new process




TINXSYS (National Tax Information Exchange System)

• Sales Tax

• VAT (only accepted by Haryana)

• Issues

• Variations in tax levied by public bodies (across a state)

• Strategies

• Develop a model using a local body

• Replicate across the state

• Replicate across the country

• Take care of variations and limitations



e-Governance: Quo Vadis!Mr. A Chaurasia, President, Force 3i

• The Employment Exchanges

• Lot of vacancies, especially the Central/State governments

• Only 10% of seats are filled up each year!

Why?



e-Governance: The Success Mantra!

• Transparency of all types of data and information … at all levels

• Availability of all versions of information…both FOR and AGAINST(Prof. Damani & Prof Supratik Chakraborty, CSE, IIT, Mumbai)

• Organisation of content should be such as to facilitate universal access (using ICT)

• There should be no compartmentalisation of information (Right for Right, Left for Left!) (Prof. Subuddhi, HSS, IIT, Mumbai & Prof Supratik Chakraborty, CSE, IIT, Mumbai)



e-Governance: A New ParadigmProf. D Parthasarathy,HSS, IIT, Mumbai

• Social & Cultural Issues, Social Inclusion

• Factors favouring Sustainability

• Social norms/values influencing decisions

• The Warana Success Story

• No contribution from government

• People’s participation responsible for success (using ICT)

• High degree of TRUST (Political. Social, Cultural)

• The if’s & but’s

• Local agents trusted more than third parties

• Cost of travel (to get profits) over local prices

• The n-logue model…its universality !



e-GovernanceOngoing Doctoral Research in IIT

• Computer Adoption: A study amongst Muslim youthMs. Farida & Prof. Rehana Ghadially

• ICT & Governance IssuesMr. Diganta Kumar Das

• Internet & Dalit Social MovementsMr. Bidhan C Dash



e-GovernanceMr. Lokesh Chandra, Collector, Nagpur

• Need of e-governance

• Speed, efficiency

• Transparency & Accountability

• Monitoring & Control

• Single Window

• Information on Demand

• Paperless Offices

• Advantages

• Improved efficiency

• Reduced repetitive work

• Reduced Time

• Better Control



e-Governance: Benefits

• Employee

• Better work, more productivity

• Public

• Transparency

• Reduced legal tangles

• Increased confidence in system

• Others

• Organised Data

• Uniformity across board

• Person independent



e-Governance: Project ADHARMr. Lokesh Chandra, Collector, Nagpur

• 29823 Beneficiaries (?) costing the Nagpur Municipal Corporation Rs. 8.75 crores/year in disbursing their dues by Money Order

• Beneficiaries included genuine, bogus and dead

• Alarms in the form of bogus/dead beneficiaries and “commission” taken by the postman on delivery

• Near impossible to verify authenticity of beneficiary data

• Software developed to store personal details as well as thumb impressions of beneficiaries in database (updated every year)

• Smart cards provided to each beneficiary (to go to nearest collectorate/mobile van for the handicapped/aged))

• Results!

• Beneficiaries reduced to 13873 (a fall by 54%!)

• Savings of Rs. 4,75 crores in benefits and Rs. 40 Lacs/year on commission!



e-Governance: Other developmentsMr. Lokesh Chandra, Collector, Nagpur

• Online Mutation (Scanning of documents and saving in the “soft” version

• Help-line for voters

• Access online at www.collrngp.com



e-Governance: Initiatives& OutcomesVinod Kharat & Rahul Barkataky, MITRA

• Some Schemes

• Gyandoot ( Dhan MP, Rural)

• Friends (Kerala, Urban)

• e-seva (VOICE, AP, Urban)

• Warana (Maharashtra, Rural)

• Involved Parties (Corporate, International, Govt)

• Have the benefits actually reached the end-user?

• Framework for evaluation

• Impact

• Accessibility

• Sustainability



e-Governance: Initiatives & OutcomesVinod Kharat & Rahul Barkataky, MITRA

GYANDOOT

• Findings

• Mostly male users (98.2% with 24% belonging to SC)

• Awareness increased

• Prices always the latest!

• Automation of Land Records

• Development of an entrepreneur model (for additional income)

• Accessibility

• 49 kiosks over 13 blocks

• Sustainability

• Business model

• Income for a kiosk is Rs. 1187




WARANA

• Findings• Infinite objectives• Not one objective fulfilled completely• Salaries paid by co-operatives

• Impact•Increase in income $25/season•Annual savings > $ 187,000•Ease of use on a 24/7 time-frame

• Accessibility• Only for sugarcane growers for six months• Annual expenses of $548,000• Not available for kiosks• Not economically viable




VOICE and FRIENDS

• Findings• Public utility services

…POSITIVE RESULTS



e-Governance: Mission 2007Mr. Ravi Gupta, I4D

Knowledge Centres

• Usage• Matrimony• Exam results• Mandi Prices• Weather (MSSRF + US Navy)• Bill Payments• Typing/correspondence

• The villager needs info on• Agriculture• Water• Employment

• Over Rs 2000 crores spent on collecting data/info

• Availability and Problems in finding relevant data

• Redundancy of data



DISCUSSIONS

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Dr. M V Ananthakrishnan29 March 20051 e-governance and Development: Impact, Assessment &...

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