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Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 1

BST12781

BUILDING COMMUNICATION

Drawing stairs & staircase

PAULI Sabine

spauli@cityu.edu.hk

Notes prepared by

 Atul KANSARA, Sabine PAULI, Kevin YAP Kwok-keung

material for stairs

Stone 

concrete

Timber 

Steel 

glass

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairc

Source: Mehta, Scarborough, Armpriest. Building construction. 

Principles, materials and systems. 2008 page 882

terms

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 3

terms

tread

riser 

Balustrade

Handrail (on walls)

landing

Source: Weidinger (2010) Stairways. Page 1

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairc

Types of stairs

Straight  

single‐flight 

single‐arms

stair

single‐flight 

stairs 

turned at 

the top

single‐flight 

stairs 

turned at 

the bottom

single‐flight 

stairs 

With 180‐

degree  turn

Straight 

single‐flight, 

two‐armed

stair with 

line  landing

Straight  

single‐flight, 

three‐armed

stair with 

corner  landings

Straight  single‐flight, 

two‐armed stair with 

turn  landing

single‐flight, circular stair

with hollow spindle

single‐flight spindle stair

Source: Weidinger (2010) Stairways. Page 151

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 5

Scissor staircase

Mokashi. Scissor stairs: Origins, development   and  contemporay use. 

Quartely and Urban Development  Journal   3rd Quarter 2008 page 23

Blanc. 

Stairs, 

steps and 

ramps. 1996

Types of stairs

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairc

8/18/2019 drawing stairs on floor plan

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Neufert,  Ernst; Neufert, Peter. Architects Data. 3rd edition 2000 page 191

construction of stairs

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 7

Building regulation in Hong Kong

Clear height of  staircase min. 2.00 m

Clear width of  stair/flight  min. 1050 mm

Landing not be less than the width of  the staircase

Treads not less than 225 mm, better 280 mm

Riser not more than 175 mm

Max. 16 steps in one flight

Handrail for stair between 850 and 950 mm

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairc

630 mm = 2 x step height/riser + 1 x step width/tread

Francois Blondel 1683

Source: Habermann. Staircases: design and construction 2003 page 42

calculation of stairs

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 9

Stair layout and stair plan

First determine the floor-to-floor height

Calculate the numbers of risers and treads

The riser height should be not more than 175 mm

number of risers = floor-to-top height/ riser height

 – Number of risers = 4,200mm / 175 mm = 24 riser 

 – Building regulation only 16 steps one flight

 – Divided by 2 = 12 riser/steps

Re-calculation Height of steps

 – Floor-to-floor-height = 4,200mm / 24 riser = 175mm

Calculation of tread

 – 630 mm = 2 x step height/riser + 1 x step width/tread

 – Tread = 630mm – 2 x 175mm/riser/step height = 280mm

each flight (12-1) x 280mm length = 3,080 one length

+ landings each min 1,050mmFull length of one flight 5,180mmm for staircase

calculation of stairs

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairca

How to draw stairs and 

staircases?drawing

Source: Bielefeld, Skiba technical drawing.  page 44

Ground floor  intermediate floor  top floor

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 11

example international  style

example Hong Kong style

Source: Kilmer. Construction drawings  and details for interiors.  

Basic skills.2009 page 163

Banister and handrails

difference between

Handrailsand

balustrade/banister/guardrail

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Banister and handrails

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 13

ramps

How to draw ramps?

Source: Bielefeld,  Skiba technical drawing.  page 44

Source: Chueca. Staircases

selection and details 2008 

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairca

please sketch and fill – in the gaps /

information/with symbolic for different floors

staircase width min.1050mm

tread, riser, landing width and length

2 m headroom

Floor to floor height

handrail , banister 

Exercise stair drawing

Ground Floor drawing

Single Flight

Max 16 risers

Roof planStair with Intermediate

landing

Intermediate floor Stair with half landing

and 2 risers at the landing

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 15

stair drawing

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairca

stair drawing

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 17

stair drawing

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairca

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stair drawing

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 19

details

Jefferis, Madsen. Architec tural drafting and design. 1995 pa

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairca

details   Rich, Dean.

 Principles

 of 

 element

 design

1999 page 145

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 21

details

Blanc. Stairs, steps and ramps.  1996 page 143

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairca

Exercise stair drawing

1. Calculate a staircase with floor to 

floor height from 4200 mm

2 . T he staircase should have three 

floors.

3. Sketch the staircase in floor plan 

and section in scale 1:50/1:100

4 . A dd all annotation like dimensions, 

and identify

 the

 elements:

 flight,

 

landing, floor‐to‐floor height, 

clearance height, stair width, width 

of  the landing, tread, riser, handrail

5. Sketch ground floor plan, first floor 

plan and roof  plan from your 

staircase with the special lining for 

each floor.

top floor

intermediatefloor

ground floor 

key floor plan

floor plan

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 23

  Blanc, Alan (1996) Stairs, steps and ramps. Oxford 1996

  Bielefeld, Bert; Skiba, Isabella (2007) Technical drawing. Basel: Birkhaeuser

  Chueca, Pilar (2008) Staircases: selection and details. Barcelona

  Fullerton, Richard L. (1968) Building construction in warm climates. 2nd edition Oxford: Oxford

University Press

  Habermann, Karl J. (2003) Staircases: design and construction. Basel 

  Jefferis, Alan; Madsen, David (1995)  Architectural drafting and design. New York

  Jiricna, Eva (2001) Staircases London

  Kilmer, W. Otie; Kilmer, Rosemary (2009) Construction drawings and destails for interiors. Basi

Hoboken 

  Mehta, Madan; Scarborough, Walter; Armpriest, Diane (2008) Building construction. Principle

materials and systems. New Jersey 

  Mokashi, Samir (2008) Scissor stairs: Origins, development  and  contemporay  use.  Quartely a

Urban Development Journal  3rd Quarter

  Neufert, Ernst ; Neufert,  Peter (2000) Architects Data. Third edition. Oxford 

  Rich, Peter; Dean, Yvonne (1999) Principles of  element design. Oxford 

  Weidinger, Hans (2010) Stairways. Atglen: Schiffer  Publishing

Thishandoutwas developed exclusivelyfor educationalpurposes andwas prepared to accompany CommunicationStudies

workshopsat theCity University of Hong Kong. It containsillustrations andtext excerpts outof other official publicationswh

been namedin the bibliography.Original copyright reserved.

bibliography

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and stairca