Drilling Rig Drilling Rig ComponentsComponents

DefinitionsDefinitions

Derrick.Derrick. A Derrick is a four sided structure of sufficient A Derrick is a four sided structure of sufficient

height and strength to allow the height and strength to allow the hoisting( Lowering and rising of equipment in hoisting( Lowering and rising of equipment in and out of the well.and out of the well.

Substructure.Substructure. The substructure provides support for the The substructure provides support for the

Derrick, Draw-Works and Drill String.Derrick, Draw-Works and Drill String.

Rig Engines or Prime Movers.Rig Engines or Prime Movers. Internal Combustion Engines are commonly used Internal Combustion Engines are commonly used

ranges from 500 to 3000hp, depending upon the ranges from 500 to 3000hp, depending upon the size and rating of the rig.size and rating of the rig.

Draw Works.Draw Works. The Draw Work is the hoisting mechanism on the The Draw Work is the hoisting mechanism on the

drilling rig enabling heavy loads to be raised or drilling rig enabling heavy loads to be raised or lowered by means of wire rope wounded on a lowered by means of wire rope wounded on a drum.drum.

Kelly and Kelly Bushing.Kelly and Kelly Bushing. The Kelly has a hexagonal or a square shaped and The Kelly has a hexagonal or a square shaped and

its main function is to transfer motion to the drill its main function is to transfer motion to the drill pipe.pipe.

The Kelly Bushing is engaged with the master The Kelly Bushing is engaged with the master Bushing.Bushing.

The Kelly serves also as a medium for transporting The Kelly serves also as a medium for transporting mud down to the drill pipes and to the bit.mud down to the drill pipes and to the bit.

Master Bushing.Master Bushing. Master BushingMaster Bushing is fixed at rotary table, in which the is fixed at rotary table, in which the

Kelly bushing rests.Kelly bushing rests.

Hoisting Tackle.Hoisting Tackle. There are two blocks, namely a crown block and a There are two blocks, namely a crown block and a

traveling block.traveling block. The Crown block is static and rests at the top of the The Crown block is static and rests at the top of the

derrick and the traveling block moves up and down derrick and the traveling block moves up and down the derrickthe derrick

Drilling Line.Drilling Line. The Drilling Line is a heavy duty Wire rope, used to The Drilling Line is a heavy duty Wire rope, used to

raise or lower the thousands of pounds of drilling raise or lower the thousands of pounds of drilling equipment during drilling and completion of the well.equipment during drilling and completion of the well.

Swivel.Swivel. The Swivel is installed above the Kelly and its main The Swivel is installed above the Kelly and its main

function is to prevent the rotary motion of the Kelly function is to prevent the rotary motion of the Kelly from being transferred to the drilling line .from being transferred to the drilling line .

This is achieved by the rotation of the lower half of This is achieved by the rotation of the lower half of the swivel on a set of heavy duty roller bearings.the swivel on a set of heavy duty roller bearings.

The Swivel also allows mud to be pumped through The Swivel also allows mud to be pumped through the Kelly through a side attachment described as a the Kelly through a side attachment described as a gooseneck. gooseneck.

Drill Stem.Drill Stem. The Drill Stem consists of Drill Pipe, Drill Collars, The Drill Stem consists of Drill Pipe, Drill Collars,

Accessories and Drill bit.Accessories and Drill bit.

Drill Pipe serves as a medium for the transmission of Drill Pipe serves as a medium for the transmission of rotary motion to the bit and also acts as passage for rotary motion to the bit and also acts as passage for mud.mud.

Drill Collars are heavy duty pipes with large outside Drill Collars are heavy duty pipes with large outside diameter. They are used primarily to put weight on diameter. They are used primarily to put weight on the bit during drilling.the bit during drilling.

85% weight of the collar is applied on bit and 85% weight of the collar is applied on bit and remaining is used to keep the drill pipes in tension, remaining is used to keep the drill pipes in tension, thereby avoiding the buckling of the pipes.thereby avoiding the buckling of the pipes.

Accessories normally include heavy welded drill Accessories normally include heavy welded drill pipes, stabilizers, and shock subs.pipes, stabilizers, and shock subs.

Rotary Table.Rotary Table. Rotary Table is the main rotating tool on rig Rotary Table is the main rotating tool on rig

which provide rotation to whole drilling string.which provide rotation to whole drilling string.

BitsBits

Roller Cone Bits.Roller Cone Bits.As the name implies, a roller cone Bit employs cones As the name implies, a roller cone Bit employs cones

which rotate about their own axis or about the bit which rotate about their own axis or about the bit axis.axis.

There are two main types of Roller Cone Bits.There are two main types of Roller Cone Bits.

1, Steel toothed bits1, Steel toothed bits

2, insert toothed bits2, insert toothed bits

PCD Bits.PCD Bits.A Poly Crystalline Diamond Compact Bit is a new A Poly Crystalline Diamond Compact Bit is a new

generation of the old drag or fishtail bit.generation of the old drag or fishtail bit.

These Bits are used to drill the hard rocks.These Bits are used to drill the hard rocks.

RigRig

RigRig

DerrickDerrick

Offshore PlatformOffshore Platform

Draw WorksDraw Works

Hoisting TacklesHoisting Tackles

Hoisting TacklesHoisting Tackles

Hoisting TacklesHoisting Tackles

Drilling LineDrilling Line

Rotary TableRotary Table

Kelly & Rotary TableKelly & Rotary Table

Kelly & Rotary TableKelly & Rotary Table

Kelly BushingKelly Bushing

SwivelSwivel

Blow Out PreventerBlow Out Preventer

Blow OutBlow Out

Drill PipesDrill Pipes

Drill CollarsDrill Collars

Stabilizers & PackersStabilizers & Packers

StabilizerStabilizer

Drag BitDrag Bit

Steel Tooth Roller Cone Steel Tooth Roller Cone BitBit

Steel Toothed & Insert Steel Toothed & Insert BitsBits

Insert BitsInsert Bits

Diamond BitsDiamond Bits

Diamond BitsDiamond Bits