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WELCOME
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DRIP/TRICKLE
IRRIGATION
Submitted To :
Dr.K.Avil Kumar
Principal Scientist
(Agronomy)
Water Technology entre
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DRIP/TRICKLE IRRIGATION
INTRODUCTION:
In drip irrigation water Is applied
fre!entl" at lower rates fro# a lowpress!re deli$er" s"ste#%
It is an e&'ient irrigation #et(od of re'ent
origin%
W(i'( is )e'o#ing pop!lar in Areas of
Water Scarcity and poor water
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De$elop#ent of DripIrrigation
+se of drip irrigation 'an )e tra'ed )a', to
an'ient '!sto# of irrigating T!lsi plant wit(
eart(en pot (!ng a)o$e t(e plant%
D!ring earl" -.01s Israeli engineer na#ed
Sy$c% &"ass de$eloped t(is 'on'ept%
2rea, t(ro!g( of Drip irrigation is a'(ie$ed
wit( in$ention of Po"yet%y"e'e in -.34%
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Earlier Low Densit" Pol" Et("lene5LDPE6
Prod!'ed at relati$el" (ig( press!res 5!p to3400,g/'#76 were !sed%
Later 8ig( Densit" Pol" Et("lene 58DPE6
Prod!'ed at low press!res 570,g/'#76 'a#e
into !sage%
T(en Linear Low Densit" Pol"Et("lene5LLDPE6 Materials were !sed )e'a!se
of i#pro$ed strengt( 9stress 'ra', resistan'e%
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Ad$antages of Dripirrigation
8ig(er 'rop "ields%
I#pro$ed !alit" of (ar$ested
prod!'e%
*a$ings in Irrigation Water%
In'reased e&'ien'" in fertili:er !se
Red!'ed energ" 'ons!#ption
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Toleran'e to wind" at#osp(eri'
'onditions%
Red!'ed la)o!r 'ost
I#pro$ed disease and pest 'ontrol
;easi)ilit" of irrigating !nd!lating terrain% *!ita)le for pro)le# soils
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I#pro$ed toleran'e to salinit"
Pro#otes 'ongenial soil p("si'al 'onditions
In root :one
Eas" in operation
;a'ilitates a!to#ation Adapted to irrigate 'rops in green (o!ses%
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Appli'ation of Drip In India
In earl"
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Pro#otional eBorts )"Go$ern#ent
In India 9state and 'entral go$t are
pro$iding s!)sid" to far#ers of
diBerent so'ial 'o##!nities to adopt
drip irrigation%
Go$t (as allotted 740'rores in $iii plan%
And 3
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Classi='ation
Drip irrigation 'an )e )roadl"
'lassi=ed )ased on I'sta""atio'
and Locatio' of (rip "atera"s#
I% *!rfa'e drip irrigation s"ste#
II%*!) s!rfa'e drip irrigation s"ste#
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*!) s!rfa'e drip irrigation
s"ste# Dept( rangesfro# 70?0'#
Mains 9*!) #ainslaid )elow ?0'#s
*pa'ing oflaterals ranges
fro# %74 to 4 #9depending onspa'ing of 'rops%
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Co#ponentsof Drip irrigations"ste#
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Drippers
It is e#itter =tted to a drip irrigation
lateral
It 'ontrols Fow fro# lateral%
It red!'es inlet press!re (ead in
lateral pipe line
Drippers are 'lassi=ed )ased on
operating press!re9 dis'(arge rate%
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On operating press!relow @)elow0%>#
#edi!#@74# 8ig( @>
-4#
Dis'(arge rate low @lit/(a
#edi!#@-0lit/(a
8ig(@-4lit/(a
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Point so!r'e drippers
T(e point on gro!nd at w(i'( water is
dis'(arged is 'alled E#ission point%
Most if point so!r'e drippers are eit%er
O'"i'e e#itters @installed on lateral wall
ori'"i'e e$itters @installed wit(inlaterals
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Online drippers
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Distri)!tion s"ste#
Main lines
PC 98DPE pipes were !sed%
!ndergro!nd
dia#eter ?4## and a)o$e
press!re -0(g/s
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*!) #ains
PC/8DPE/LDPE pipes
dia#eter 37
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Laterals
LDPE/LLDPE 9PC #aterials
-070## dia#eter
Wall t(i',ness -3##
Press!re 7%4,g/s%'#
it s(o!ld )e Fei)le9 non 'orrosi$e9
and resistant to !%$ ra"s%
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Pipe line a''essories H=ttings
Co##on =ttings 9El)ows9 TEE*9Crosses9!nions9pl!gs9end 'aps
;or oining PC98DPE si:es of'o!pling tees9 el)ows9 )ends
A''essories in'l!de end pl!gs9 oints
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Gra$e /sand =lters
;re!entl" 'alled as #edia =lters
La"ered )eds of graded sand H gra$elin one or #ore '"lindri'al tan,s%
Pri#ar" =ltration of irrigation water isne'essar"%
Dia#eter of =lter tan,s 70700'#
Coated wit( )*+,*$icro' t%ic-."!e po"yester pow(er#
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*'reen =lter
;itted in series wit( #edia =lter to
re#o$e *olid i#p!rities li,e ;ine
sand9 d!st9 fro# irrigation water%
It s(o!ld )e 'oated wit( 0#i'rn
t(i', deep 'olored pol"ester%
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*'reen =lter
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8"dro'"'lones
Also 'alled as Centrif!gal sandseparators%
In t(is d!e 'entrif!gal for'e s!spended
s!)stan'es are re#o$ed%
In t(is water inlet is tangential to top'o#e and 'reates 'ir'!lar #otion 9all
(ea$" parti'les are t(rown o!t% Clean water rises !p in spiral #otion to
o!t let%
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8"dro'"'lones
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P!#ping !nit
ol!te 'entrif!gal p!#p
erti'al t!r)ine p!#ps
*!)#ersi)le p!#ps
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Disad$antages
E#itter 'logging
as o!tlets s#all 'logged wit( sand 9silt
red!'ed e#ission rates leads to poor!nifor# appli'ation
prolonged 'logging da#ages 'rop
interr!pts irrigation water appli'ation%
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Restri'ted root de$elop#ent o'rops
Wets onl" part of root :one
Root distri)!tion to #oist :one onl"
Con'entrated roots 99la',s sta)ilit" to
wit( stand strong winds%
Cant wit(stand to dro!g(t%
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*alt a''!#!lation at root:one
*alts a''!#!late towards perip(er"
As root :one (as 'onstant #oist!re it#a" i#pa't 'rops in net season%
If plants planted in soil pat'(es itaBe'ts 'rop%
*alts #!st )e lea'(ed o!t )eforesowing of net 'rop%
Or arti='ial lea'(ing is pra'ti'ed%
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Da#age fro# rodents andot(er ani#als
Rats and s!irrels da#age s!)s!rfa'e dripirrigation s"ste#%
*o#e inse'ts )!ild 'o'oons in e#itter o!tlets%
*o repellents #!st )e !sed to 'ontrol rats% Rats do not 'ross wet s!rfa'e9 so it is ad$ised
to wet )orders of =elds%
Ants 'an )e 'ontrolled wit( '(lorinated
("dro'ar)ons% Laterals wit( 0%3>## t(i',ness to 'ontrol
da#age%
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8ig(est 'ost of drip
Large !antities of pipping9=ltration9,its are e#plo"ed%
In steep terrain press!re reg!lators#!st )e e#plo"ed%
Cost o$erweig( )ene=ts at initialti#es%
It 'osts a)o!t ?09000, to esta)lis(drip irrigation s"ste# per a're%
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