Drug AbuseDrug Abuse

ObjectivesObjectives

Legal vs. IllegalLegal vs. IllegalReasons for StartingReasons for StartingDependenceDependenceShort and Long term effectsShort and Long term effectsTypes of drugs and signs of abuseTypes of drugs and signs of abuseDrug withdrawal and programsDrug withdrawal and programsLegal ConsequencesLegal Consequences

DefinitionsDefinitions Drugs-a chemical that changes the body that can be Drugs-a chemical that changes the body that can be

swallowed, inhaled, injected or applied to the skinswallowed, inhaled, injected or applied to the skin Drug abuse-use of a drug for other than medical Drug abuse-use of a drug for other than medical

reason, for mental escape.reason, for mental escape. Synthetic Drug-made in a labSynthetic Drug-made in a lab FDA-government agency that regulates the sale of FDA-government agency that regulates the sale of

drugsdrugs Legal drugs- useful enough to be available for sale, Legal drugs- useful enough to be available for sale,

designed to treat medical problemsdesigned to treat medical problems Over the counterOver the counter PrescriptionPrescription

Overdose- too much of a drugOverdose- too much of a drug Illegal drug harmful drugs not for sale, grown or Illegal drug harmful drugs not for sale, grown or

created from chemicalscreated from chemicals

Why Start?Why Start?

If you ask 10 different people you will If you ask 10 different people you will get 10 different answers…but the top get 10 different answers…but the top answers are answers are Peer PressurePeer PressureTo forget problemsTo forget problemsSeek a thrillSeek a thrillFamily problemsFamily problemspovertypoverty

Effects of DrugsEffects of Drugs

Chief Effect-the physical or mental Chief Effect-the physical or mental changechange

Side Effect- bad reactionSide Effect- bad reactionHabit formingHabit formingBirth defectBirth defectEffect can vary from person to personEffect can vary from person to person

Dependence- “addiction” Dependence- “addiction” psychological or physical. Must have psychological or physical. Must have to functionto function

Stages of Drug AbuseStages of Drug Abuse

1.1. Experimental-curious about effect Experimental-curious about effect (expects to try 1 or 2 times, then quit)(expects to try 1 or 2 times, then quit)

2.2. Occasional use- social events. Peer Occasional use- social events. Peer approval or disapprovalapproval or disapproval

3.3. Regular Use-used to feel the effect, Regular Use-used to feel the effect, psychological dependence. Drug psychological dependence. Drug interferes with normal activity.interferes with normal activity.

4.4. Addiction-Must have drugs. Discomfort Addiction-Must have drugs. Discomfort with withdrawal. Will steal money to with withdrawal. Will steal money to support habitsupport habit

Withdrawal SymptomsWithdrawal Symptoms

NervousnessNervousness IrritabilityIrritabilitySudden mood changesSudden mood changesNauseaNauseaVomitingVomitingSweatingSweatingHallucinateHallucinate

Types of DrugsTypes of Drugs

I.I. Stimulants- speed-up body Stimulants- speed-up body processes, increase heart rate, b.p., processes, increase heart rate, b.p., rate of breathingrate of breathing

1.1. Amphetamines-strong stimulant, used Amphetamines-strong stimulant, used for sleep disorders, eating habits, for sleep disorders, eating habits, hyperactivityhyperactivity

A.Speed-pills, powder, shotsA.Speed-pills, powder, shots

B. UppersB. Uppers

Cocaine is an upperCocaine is an upper

StimulantsStimulants EffectsEffects

Euphoria-feeling of Great HappinessEuphoria-feeling of Great Happiness Short LivedShort Lived CrashCrash

CausesCauses Psychological DependencePsychological Dependence DepressionDepression Mental illnessMental illness Nervous AggressionNervous Aggression SeizuresSeizures ComaComa DeathDeath

DepressantsDepressants

Slows down body processesSlows down body processesLow Blood Pressure, body temp., Low Blood Pressure, body temp.,

heart rateheart rateUsed to calm people down.Used to calm people down.

Types of DepressantsTypes of Depressants

Barbiturates-very strong, helps Barbiturates-very strong, helps people relaxpeople relax““Downers”Downers”Effects vary…stagger, slur speech, blur Effects vary…stagger, slur speech, blur

vision, cannot sleep without, vision, cannot sleep without, psychological and physical dependencepsychological and physical dependence

Tranquilizers-slows down nerve Tranquilizers-slows down nerve activity, relaxes muscle tension, activity, relaxes muscle tension, causes drowsinesscauses drowsiness

HallucinogensHallucinogens

See hear feel things that do not See hear feel things that do not exist.exist.

LSD- “acid”LSD- “acid”PCP- animal anesthetic “Angel Dust”PCP- animal anesthetic “Angel Dust”Peyote-cactus that grows in S. West Peyote-cactus that grows in S. West

and Mexico effects are like Acidand Mexico effects are like Acid

MarijuanaMarijuana Comes from Indian Hemp PlantComes from Indian Hemp Plant Is a stimulant, depressant, hallucinogenIs a stimulant, depressant, hallucinogen EffectsEffects

Can cause lung damageCan cause lung damage Light headed and giddyLight headed and giddy Friendly and peacefulFriendly and peaceful Silent and withdrawnSilent and withdrawn Blood shot eyesBlood shot eyes Dry mouthDry mouth HungerHunger Memory and learning is effectedMemory and learning is effected Reduced sperm productionReduced sperm production

HashishHashish

Purified Marijuana-stronger and can Purified Marijuana-stronger and can be smoked, chewed or drunkbe smoked, chewed or drunk

NarcoticsNarcotics

Come from opium poppyCome from opium poppy Causes sleepinessCauses sleepiness Both psychological and physically Both psychological and physically

addictingaddicting Codeine-weak pain killerCodeine-weak pain killer Opium-Opium- Morphine-very strong pain killerMorphine-very strong pain killer Herion-made from morphine, 2-3 times Herion-made from morphine, 2-3 times

strongerstrongerCan be inhaled, smoked or injectedCan be inhaled, smoked or injected

Addiction to heroinAddiction to heroin

After 2 weeks of Daily useAfter 2 weeks of Daily useTake to avoid withdrawal symptomsTake to avoid withdrawal symptoms12-16 hours after use12-16 hours after useSweating, shakes, chills, nausea, Sweating, shakes, chills, nausea,

diarrhea, cramps.diarrhea, cramps.

InhalantsInhalants

Over the counter-legalOver the counter-legal Household productsHousehold products Can be very dangerous and psychological Can be very dangerous and psychological

AddictingAddicting Exp. Exp.

Nail polish, glue, paint thinner, dry cleaning Nail polish, glue, paint thinner, dry cleaning fluids, gasoline, glues, rubber cement spray fluids, gasoline, glues, rubber cement spray paint, lighter fluidpaint, lighter fluid

Effects-15 min to hourEffects-15 min to hour Dizziness, loss of muscle control, slurred speech, Dizziness, loss of muscle control, slurred speech,

blurred vision, depression seizures, deathblurred vision, depression seizures, death

SteroidsSteroids

Used for physical effectsUsed for physical effects Many different kinds, but they are a generic form Many different kinds, but they are a generic form

of male sex hormone testosteroneof male sex hormone testosterone Long term effects still under study Long term effects still under study

added risk of contracting or transmitting HIV/AIDS or added risk of contracting or transmitting HIV/AIDS or hepatitis, which causes serious damage to the liver. hepatitis, which causes serious damage to the liver.

Short term effects includeShort term effects include For men - shrinking of the testicles, reduced sperm For men - shrinking of the testicles, reduced sperm

count, infertility, baldness, development of breasts, count, infertility, baldness, development of breasts, increased risk for prostate cancer. increased risk for prostate cancer.

For women - growth of facial hair, male-pattern For women - growth of facial hair, male-pattern baldness, changes in or cessation of the menstrual baldness, changes in or cessation of the menstrual cycle, enlargement of the clitoris, deepened voice. cycle, enlargement of the clitoris, deepened voice.

Living Drug FreeLiving Drug Free

Contrary to popular belief…most Contrary to popular belief…most Americans are against illegal drugs.Americans are against illegal drugs.

58 percent of high school students 58 percent of high school students have never tried marijuana and more have never tried marijuana and more than 90 percent have never tried than 90 percent have never tried cocaine.cocaine.

Commitment to be Drug FreeCommitment to be Drug Free

Make a firm and deliberate decisionMake a firm and deliberate decisionThe only way to avoid pitfalls is to be The only way to avoid pitfalls is to be

fully committed to refusing them fully committed to refusing them before they become an issuebefore they become an issue

Refusal skills- learn to say no!Refusal skills- learn to say no!

Getting HelpGetting Help Outpatient Drug Free Treatment-programs Outpatient Drug Free Treatment-programs

usually do not include medications and usually do not include medications and often consist of individual or group often consist of individual or group counselingcounseling

Short Term- include residential, medication, Short Term- include residential, medication, and outpatient treatmentand outpatient treatment

Maintenance Therapy-for heroin addicts this Maintenance Therapy-for heroin addicts this treatment usually includes medicationtreatment usually includes medication

Therapeutic Communities-These are Therapeutic Communities-These are residences for people with a long history of residences for people with a long history of drug abuse. Includes highly structured drug abuse. Includes highly structured programs that usually last from 6-12 programs that usually last from 6-12 monthsmonths

Community EffortsCommunity Efforts

Drug free school zones-areas w/in Drug free school zones-areas w/in 1000 ft of schools and drug 1000 ft of schools and drug trafficking is punished more severelytrafficking is punished more severely

Drug watches- organized community Drug watches- organized community efforts by neighborhood residents to efforts by neighborhood residents to patrol , monitor, report, and patrol , monitor, report, and otherwise try to stop drug deals and otherwise try to stop drug deals and abuse.abuse.