Dryland poverty: Characteristics, policy responses, new challenges and opportunities - paper

8/8/2019 Dryland poverty: Characteristics, policy responses, new challenges and opportunities - paper

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kQgl mbzq fm{buqodq oao{qfbd mloz|ul fz alxl`b{mldq fqzl`h$ Ozqubdnlu ljbdbmv fz mbul oe`l qb oao{q ebqg fd qlumz bh jbzq bhoao{qoqfbd oda qljgdb`bnfjo` jo{oef`fqv$ Ojgflxfdn uo{fa ljbdbmfjnub~qg oz qounlqla fd qgl L`lxldqg [òd fz qglulhbul o ilv l`lmldqfd oao{qoqfbd$ {$ 5;


18/27

Zfmf ou zjldoufb {ulxof z ~fqg ulz{ljq qb ~oqluzgla alxl`b{mldq {ubnuonuomml- o hònzgf{fdfqfoqfxl fd {òjl hbu ldgodjfdn ulzb|ujl ulnldluoqfbd, houm {uba|jqfxfqv, oda `fxl`fgbba zlj|ufqvombdn auvòda ouloz fd qgl jb|dquv$ Qgl {ubnuomml, zfdjl qgl mfa-dfdlqflz, goz moal mocbuzqufalz fd qlumz bh jbxluonl bh oulo oda ojqfxfqflz$ Qgl mbzq fm{buqodq hloq|ul bh qgl {ubnuommlfz juloqfbd oda"bu ulc|xldoqfbd bh o òunl d|melu bh zmo`` ~oqlu gouxlzqfdn zqu|jq|ulz ojubzz qgl

jb|dquv$ Qglzl zqu|jq|ulz, db ab|eq, goxl juloqla ~bdaluz fd qlumz bh zgfhqfdn jub{{fdn {oqqludfd hoxb|u bh mbul ~oqlu fdqldzfxl oda {ubhfqoe`l jub{z, elzfalz fdjulozfdn vflà bh qgl quoafqfbdo`jub{z$ Qg|z, qgl fdfqfo` zql{z oul oùloav qoild$ ^goq fz gb~lxlu, mfzzfdn fz qgoq qgl gouxlzqla~oqlu, ev hou qgl mbzq zjoujl ulzb|ujl, fz vlq qb el ojjlzzla l|fqoe`v oda |qf fsla fd oz|zqofdoe`l moddlu$ Ojjlzz qb aufdifdn oda abmlzqfj ~oqlu, alxl`b{mldq bh {ozq|ulz oda`fxlzqbji, oda ohhbulzqoqfbd oul hb|da qb el qv{fjo``v mfzzfdn fd o òunl {ub{buqfbd bh qglzlfdfqfoqfxlz YZgog, 5;?;]$ Qglzl oz{ljqz oul `fil`v qb nofd fdjulozfdn fm{buqodjl |dalu qgl j`fmoqljgodnl zjldoufbz ~glul ~oqlu ~f`` eljbml zjoujlu qgod db~$

Qgl oao{qoqfbd zquoqlnv qglulhbul dllaz qb hf`` |{ qglzl mfzzfdn `fdiz zbbdlu qgod òqlu$ Qgfz bhjb|uzl, joddbq el ojgflxla fh uofdhla"auvòda onufj|`q|ul jbdqfd|lz qb ulmofd bd qgl mounfd bh

qgl mofdzqulom onufj|`q|ul {b`fjlz qgoq ~oz mldqfbdla oebxl$ Qgl Doqfbdo` [òd hbu \DJJAqoìz oeb|q zlxluo` bh qglzl oz{ljqz oz al{fjqla el`b~$

Doqfbdo` Ojqfbd [òd |dalu \DJJA-Fdafo

o& ôqlu fz o afojufqfjo` l`lmldq hbu e|fàfdn {lb{`lz jbdhfaldjl oda zoqfzhojqfbd `lxl ,uljòmoqfbd bh alnuoala òdaz hbu z|zqofdoe`l efbmozz {uba|jqfbd |`qfmoql`v `loafdn qb o elqqlu |o fqv bh `fhl oda ldoe fdn jbdafqfbdz qgub|ng lm{b~lumldq bh qgl `bjo`jbmm|dfqflz$

e& Ebqqbm |{ o{{ubojg oda {ubcljq {òddfdn, lxo`|oqfbd oda mbdfqbufdn ev[odjgovoq UocFdzqfq|qfbdz 'Nuozz ubbq `lxl` l`ljqla `bjo` zl`h Nbxludmldqz fd ~gfjg ~bmld goxl oq`lozq :; ul{ulzldqoqfbd ~b|à el hb``b~la$ Jo{ojfqv bh qgl [U`z oda JEBz jbdzqfq|qlaev qglm, `fil zl`h-gl`{ nub|{z oda |zlu nub|{z, lqj$, ~b|à el e|f`q |{ bd o`` oz{ljqz bhòda alxl`b{mldq fdj`|afdn ulgoef`fqoqfbd bh alnuoala ouloz, ldjbm{ozzfdn qljgdfjo`,hfdodjfo` nub|{ avdomfjz, l|fqv, nldalu, lqj$

j& Jbdxlunldjl bh ulzb|ujlz oda zluxfjlz$ O`` ulzb|ujlz oxofòe`l |dalu afhhluldq zjglmlz~f`` el jgoddl``la qgub|ng [odjgovoqz $ Qg|z, o zfdn`l ~fdab~ zluxfjl ~f`` el oxofòe`lqb qgl jbmm|dfqflz$

a& No{z fd o` qgl bd-nbfdn zjglmlz bh afhhluldq al{ouqmldqz ~f ` el faldqfhfla oda ulzb|ujlz~f`` el {ubxfala qb hf`` qglm |{ hbu nldluoqfdn nbba fm{ojq oq qgl nub|da `lxl`$

l& Qgl hfuzq hfxl-vlou {lufba ~f` el lw{lufmldqo` oda fdj`|al {f bq {ubcljqz oda ojqfxfqflz$

h& Jbdj|uuldq oda jbdqfd|b|z mbdfqbufdn ~f` el abdl oda m`8-jb|uzl jbuuljqfbd ~f` ellhhljqla oz qgl lw{lufldjlz oul nofdla$

?7


19/27

n& Qgl {ube`lm hojla ev qgl houmluz ~f ` el ul{buqla qb U(A fdzqfq|qfbdz hbu hfdafdnzb`|qfbdz$ Qg|z ebqg òe-qb-Foda oda òda-qb-Foe h`b~ bh fdhbumoqfbd ~f`` el ldz|ula$

Fdafo fz qg|z h|``v {ul{oula qb mllq qgl be`fnoqfbd |dalu \DJJA ~gfjg {ubxfalz o {òqhbum odambqfxl hbujl hbu qgl jb|dquv qb mbxl hozqlu hbu ojgflxfdn qgl nbo` bh z|zqofdoe`l alxl`b{mldq$

Gb~ hou qglzl jbmmfqmldqz oul qoild hbu~oua fd o gb`fzqfj oda jbm{ulgldzfxl moddlu fz vlq qbel zlld$

^bmld oq qgl Jldqul bh Auvòda Houmfdn3

Fq mov gb~lxlu, el dbqla qgoq od o{{ubojg qgoq hbj|zlz bd aub|ngq ulzfzqodq z|ezfzqldq jub{z,afxluzl houmfdn zvzqlmz ~fqg o z{ljfo` qgu|zq bd `fxlzqbji, fdòda hfzgluv, onub-gbuqfj|`q|ul jb|ào`zb {ubxfal fdjulozfdn b{{buq|dfqflz hbu ~bmld ~gb quoafqfbdo``v oul fd qgl hbulhubdq bh qglzlojqfxfqflz fd Fdafo oda l`zl~glul YZgog, 5;;7]$

8$ Oao{qoqfbd oda H|q|ul B{{buq|dfqflz

@lq |z elnfd ev zqoqfdn qgl bexfb|z$ Auvòdaz oda aub|ngqz goxl lwfzqla hbu lxlu9 oda {lb{`l, oqqfmlz, goxl hb|da b|q fdnldfb|z ~ovz bh `fxfdn |dalu qgl gouzg jbdafqfbdz$ E|q lxluv bdl fdauvòda ulnfbdz fz dbq dljlzzouf`v {bbu9 qgl zjldoufbz o`zb xouv ojubzz qfml oda z{ojl$ ^gf`l{lb{`l goxl lxb`xla xouvfdn jb{fdn mljgodfzmz, qgl zqoql {b`fjflz oda qgl n`beo` ljbdbmfjbualuz goxl {òvla zfndfhfjodq ub`l fd mfqfnoqfdn qgl oaxluzl fm{ojqz oda"bu {ubmbqfdnfddbxoqfxl b{qfbdz hbu {lb{`l {ufmouf`v al{ldaldq bd qgl auvòda zvzqlmz$

^gf`l ~l uljbndfsl qgoq qgl j`fmoql jgodnl eufdnz fd fqz hbà o |odq|m c|m{, oda o`zb o|o`fqoqfxl`v afhhluldq fm{ojqz bd qgl ulzb|ujl oxofòef`fqv oda qgl fm{ojqz bd {lb{`lz `fxl`fgbbaqgl zb`|qfbdz, qb o òunl lwqldq, mov goxl qb jbml hubm b{qfm|m |qf`fsoqfbd bh qgl oxofòe`l

doq|uo` ulzb|ujlz ev eufdnfdn ldxfubdmldqo` modonlmldq, uoqglu qgod mlul`v {uba|jqfbd odajbdz|m{qfbdz oq qgl jldqul bh qgl zquoqlnv$ Qglul oul o d|melu bh lxfaldjl qgoq z|nnlzq qgoq qglauvòda zvzqlmz goxl o g|nl |dqo{{la {bqldqfo` hbu ulzb|ujl nldluoqfbd fd qlumz bh qbqo` efbmozzuoqglu qgod z{ljfhfj jub{z oda jbmmbafqflz{lu zl, ~gfjg gfzqbufjo``v, goxl elld xo`|la elqqlu fdqgl mouilqz qgoq goxl elld juloqla qgub|ng z{ljfhfj {b`fjv jgbfjlz-doqfbdo``v oda fdqludoqfbdo``v$

Qgl lmlunfdn {luz{ljqfxl bd oao{qoqfbd qb j`fmoql jgodnl fz fdjulozfdn`v elfdn fdhbumla ev qgl{bqldqfo` qgoq qgl auvòda zvzqlmz goxl$ Bh jb|uzl, qgl {bqldqfo` xouflz zfndfhfjodq`v ojubzz onub-ljb`bnfjo` YMfjgol`, 5;;79 5;;69 Abefl, 5;;?, Zgog, 5;;6], ljbdbmfj oda {b`fqfjo` zjldoufbz fdqgl jb|dquv, c|wqo{bzla ev qgl n`beo` jbdxldqfbdz, {b`fjflz, oda onullmldqz$ Dbq~fqgzqodafdn qglxoufoqfbdz, qgl zquoqlnflz oab{qla ev o d|melu bh jb|dquflz fd Ozfo euboa`v fdj`|al z{ljfo`

lm{gozfz bd z|zqofdoe`l onufj|`q|ul, qgu|zq bd hbba nuofd {uba|jqfbd oda `fxl fgbba {ubmbqfbd,lw{`buoqfbd bh jouebd mouilqz, {ubmbqfbd bh fdquo-ulnfbdo` quoal oda jbb{luoqfbd, odaldxfubdmldqo` ulnldluoqfbd ~fqg z{ljfo` qgu|zq bd nub|da ~oqlu ulzb|ujlz$ $

Bh jb|uzl, qgl {bqldqfo` bh auvòda onufj|`q|ul, afzj|zzla oebxl {ulzldq qgl elzq {bzzfe`lzjldoufb$ Qgl ojq|o` ulo`fsoqfbd bh qgl {bqldqfo`, joqlufz {oufe|z, ~b|à al{lda lzzldqfo``v bd qglojq|o` jgodnlz qgoq mov qoil {òjl fd qgl j`fmoqfj {ouomlqluz dbqla lou`flu$ O`zb fq fz afhhfj|`q qbmoil nldluo`fsoqfbd ojubzz jbmm|dfqflz oda ulnfbdz$ ^goq fz elfdn lm{gozfsla glul fz-qgl

?6


20/27

lzzldqfo`fqv bh qo{{fdn qgl |dqo{{la {bqldqfo` bh qgl auvòda zvzqlmz oda qgl {ouoafnmoqfj zgfhqdljlzzouv hbu oqqofdfdn qgfz$

Qgl {luz{ljqfxlz bd auv òda zvzqlmz, oz afzj|zzla fd zljqfbd ?, goxl |dalunbdl o z|ezqodqfo`jgodnl hubm `bbifdn oq bd`v qgl {ufmouv {uba|jqfbd hubm òda qb {ovmldqz hbu qgl ljbzvzqlm

zluxfjlz lqj$ ev db~, fq fz elfdn fdjulozfdn`v uljbndfsla qgoq qgl auvòda ljbzvzqlmz goxl modvh|djqfbdz oda zbml o`qludoqfxl ljbdbmfj h|djqfbdz, ~gfjg fd q|ud, mov oqquojq fdxlzqmldqz fdqglzl ulnfbdz hbu {ubxfzfbdfdn bh elqqlu fdhuozqu|jq|ul lz{ljfo``v fd qgl mounfdo` uodnlòda oulozYJlul, J$ lq o`9 |daoqla]$ Qgfz jo``z hbu m|`qf{`l zb`|qfbdz oda jbmefdoqfbdz qglulbh$ Jouebdmouilqz mov {ubxfal bdl z|jg zb`|qfbd, e|q {lugo{z dbq qgl bd`v mocbu zb`|qfbd fd o zfq|oqfbd~glul hbba nuofd {uba|jqfbd jbdqfd|lz qb {bzl o zlufb|z jgo``ldnl fd zlxluo` Ozfod ljbdbmflzfdj`|afdn Fdafo$

Qoe`l ?? {ulzldqz o zdo{ zgbq bh qgl oao{qoqfbd b{{buq|dfqflz faldqfhfla fd qgl jbdqlwq bh Ozfo oda[ojfhfj YLZJ[ 5


21/27

~l`` oz {ufjfdn z|{{buq qgoq goa nbdl elgfda qgl z|jjlzz bh qgl Nulld Ulxb`|qfbd9 z|jg z|{{buqzoul l|o``v, fh dbq, mbul ju|jfo` hbu ulxfxo` oda zquldnqgldfdn bh qgl auvòda houmfdn oda`fxl`fgbba zvzqlmz fd qgl ulnfbd$

Bh jb|uzl, ~goq ~l goxl {ulzldqla fd Qoe`l ?; fz bd`v o euboa b|q`fdl bh qgl oao{qfxl zquoqlnflz

faldqfhfla fd qgl ulnfbd$ Fd ulo`fqv lojg bh qgl mlmelu jb|dquv goz o`zb lxb`xla o hofu`v alqof`lazquoqlnv |dalu qgl \DJJA$ ^l goxl dbq ul{uba|jla o`` qgl alqof`z fd qgl {o{lu hbu qgl zoil bheulxfqv$ Gb~lxlu, o joulh|` zjoddfdn bh qglzl ul{buqz z|nnlzq qgoq qgl zquoqlnv {o{luz goxl mbulbu `lzz o`` qgl oz{ljqz qgoq bdl mov qgfdi bh fd qlumz bh qglfu `fdi qb qgl j`fmoql jgodnl fd {bxluqvfd qglzl ulnfbdz$ ^goq fz {lugo{z mfzzfdn fz o zgfhq fd qgl jldquo` qgu|zq hbu alxl`b{mldq fd qglzlulnfbdz o`bdn ~fqg qgl ul|fzfql hfdodjfo` jbmmfqmldqz qglulbh$

O zbml~goq zfmfòu ulz{bdzl fz o`zb bezluxla fd qgl jozl bh Fdafo oz zgb~d lou`flu$ ^gf`l qglzloul nbba faloz oda {b`fjv jbmmfqmldqz 'oz ulh`ljqla fd qgl jb|dquv z{ljfhfj zquoqlnflz |dalu qgl\DJJA&, ~goq fz zqf`` mfzzfdn fz o {ouoafnm zgfhq hubm ~goq qf`` db~ o{{louz qb el mlul`v odfm{ubxlmldq fd qgl lwfzqfdn {luz{ljqfxlz bd houm {uba|jqfbd oda {bbuz `fxl`fgbba fd auvòda

ulnfbdz$ Lzzldqfo``v qgl {ouoafnm zgfhq ~b|à fdxb`xl zgfhq hubm jub{z oda fuufnoqfbd jldqufj{uba|jqfbd qb efbmozz eozla o{{ubojg$

Qgl Mf``fbd Ab`òu |lzqfbd qgoq oufzlz fz-~goq {ulxldqz z|jg o zgfhq qb z|zqofdoe`l houmfdnzvzqlmz alz{fql `b|a oda ul{loqla jbmmfqmldqz fd qgl {b`fjflz qb oao{q qb qgl j`fmoql jgodnl2

[ufmo hojfl, qglul oul qld mocbu jbdzquofdqz oz ~l`` oz ufziz fd moifdn o {ouoafnm zgfhq$ ?& qglzgfhq fdxb`xlz ~buifdn bd o zvzqlmz uoqglu qgod jub{"fd{|q z{ljfhfj fdqluxldqfbdz9 5& fq fdxb`xlzod oulo eozla o{{ubojg9 :& qglul fz o quoal-bhh elq~lld nub~qg fd onufj|`q|ul {lu zl, odalm{`bvmldq nldluoqfbd"`fxl`fgbba z|{{buq9 1& fq qoilz `bdnlu qfml qb ulo`fsl qgl h|`` {bqldqfo`9 & ul|fulz hoxb|uoe`l {ufjfdn oda bqgluz|{{buq9 7& dljlzzfqoqlz jbdqlwq z{ljfhfj U ( A oda o`zb lwqldzfbd oz onofdzq qgl qb{ ab~d odambul nldlufj qljgdb`bnfjo` {ulzjuf{qfbdz9 6& aljldquo`fsla hbba nuofd zqbjifdn oda afzqufe|qfbdo`bdn ~fqg uln|òqfdn hbba fdh oqfbd9 oda òzq`v ?;& ul|fulz fdzqfq|qfbdo` z|{{buq, elzfalzmouilqz, qb jouuv b|q qgl jgodnlz bxlu o `bdnlu {lufba bh qfml$

Qbnlqglu qglzl mov fm{`v jgodnfdn qgl nlou bh onufj|`q|uo` nub~qg qgub|ng joulh|` goda gbàfdn,oda qgoq zbmlbdl, bqglu qgod qgl auvòda {bbu, m|zq elou qgl jbzq bh qgfz quodzfqfbd$

Nbfdn Elvbda Dbd-Houm Zquoqlnflz3

Elzfalz mbxfdn, qgb|ng nuoa|o` v, qb~ouaz auvòda houmfdn zvzqlmz qgl bqglu ub|qlz bhoao{qoqfbdz o`zb dlla qb el oaaulzzla o{{ub{ufoql`v$ Qglzl bhqld fdj`|al zljqbuo` afxluzfhfjoqfbdqb~ouaz fda|zquv oda zluxfjlz fd qgl ulnfbdo` ljbdbmv9 b|q mfnuoqfbd hojf`fqoqla qgub|ngoal|oql z|{{buq hbu qgbzl ~gb z|jjlla fd mfnuoqfbd9 lm{`bvmldq qgub|ng fdhuozqu|jq|ulalxl`b{mldq9 juloqfbd bh zoxfdn oda julafq fdzqu|mldqz qgoq jod gl`{ oz fdz|uodjl9 zl`ljqfxljbmmlujfo`fsoqfbd bh jub{z9 oda oebxl o`` ojqfxoqla mouilqz hbu fd{|qz fdj`|afdn òda hbuonufj|`q|ul$

5?


22/27

Bdl bh qgl fm{buqodq ul|fulmldqz hbu alxl`b{fdn qgl dbd-houm mljgodfzmz hbu oao{qoqfbd fz-jbda|jfxl {b`fjv huoml~bui qgoq {ubmbqlz lw{buqz fd mod|hojq|ufdn oda zluxfjlz zljqbu uoqgluqgod mofd`v fd onufj|`q|ul oz qgl òqqlu fdxb`xlz hozqlu al{`lqfbd bh ~oqlu ulzb|ujlz qgod bqglu q~bzljqbuz$

Qgl dlwq ub|da bh onldao qglulhbul, fz mbxl hubm {b`fjv jbmmfqmldqz qb ojq|o` ojqfbdz$ Qgluloul jbdzquofdqz oda ufziz fdxb`xla fd abfdn qgfz$ E|q, qgl ufziz fdxb`xla fd o``b~fdn qgl oùloaval{`lqla doq|uo` ulzb|ujlz xfs9 zbf`, ~oqlu oda hbulzqz qb al{`lql h|uqglu, fz `fil`v qb el xluv gfngojubzz jbmm|dfqflz oda bxlu qfml$

>$ Jbda|jfdn Ulmouiz

Qgl hbulnbfdn odo`vzlz bh j`fmoql jgodnl oda {bxluqv fd Ozfo oda [ojfhfj eub|ngq gbml zbmlfm{buqodq Bezluxoqfbdz oz z|mmoufsla el`b~3

?$ Zb|qg Ozfo oda [ojfhfj goz oeb|q 1; {lu jldq bh qgl oulo |dalu auvòda 'fdj`|afdn oufa

ulnfbdz&$ Qgl ulnfbd o`zb ojjb|dqz hbu dlou`v bdl qgfua bh qgl qbqo` auvòda oul fd qgl~buà$

5$ Mbul qgod 5$? ef` fbd {lb{`l `fxl fd auvòda ouloz9 o mocbufqv bh qglzl oul `bjoqla fd fdOzfo oda [ojfhfj, z|hhlufdn hubm qgl alxl`b{mldq alhfjfq fd ~goq fz gfzqbufjo``v jo``lak`b~ {bqldqfo` ulnfbdz$

:$ Ojjbuafdn qb qgl OAE-lzqfmoqlz qglul oul


23/27

??$ Qglul oul ufziz fdxb`xla fd zgfhqfdn qb o z|zqofdoe`l auvòda zvzqlm9 oda o`zb fdal{ldafdn bd qgl dbd-houm zquoqlnflz hbu {bxluqv ula|jqfbd fd qglzl ulnfbdz$

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Date post:	10-Apr-2018
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Dryland poverty: Characteristics, policy responses, new challenges and opportunities - paper

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