A PRESENTATION ON DTH SERVICE(DIRECT-TO-HOME)

By- Ankur AnandRoll no.- 804217

E&TC-3

INTRODUCTION

DTH stands for DIRECT-TO-HOME television.

DTH is defined as:

The reception of satellite programmers with a

personal dish in an individual home.

DTH does away with the need for the local

cable operator and puts the broadcaster

directly in touch with consumer .

HISTORY

DTH services were first proposed in INDIA in 1996. But was not approved due to the concerns over national security.

Finally, in 2000 DTH was allowed and it was Doordarshan which made it possible to provide its facilities to consumers from 1st April 2000.

Broadcasters like STAR and ZEE are pushing hard for DTH services in

INDIA.

The operators were required to setup earth stations in INDIA within 12 month for getting license of broadcasting whose cost was $2.14 million and will be valid for 10 years.

Early satellite television was broadcast in C-band radio -- radio in the 3.4-gigahertz (GHz) to 7-GHz frequency range. Digital broadcast satellite transmits programming in the Ku frequency range (12 GHz to 14 GHz ).

DTH network consists of :

Programming SourceBroadcasting center Satellite Satellite Dish receivers.

MAIN PARAMETER OF DTH

Components OF DTH

Programming SourceSatellite TV providers get programming from two major sources: International turnaround channels

Various local channels

Most of the turnaround channels also provide programming for cable television

Turnaround channels usually have a distribution center that beams their programming to a geostationary satellite.The broadcast center uses large satellite dishes to pick up these analog and digital signals from several sources.

Broadcast Centerconverts all of this programming into a high-quality, uncompressed digital stream.

the stream contains a vast quantity of data (Mbps for each channel), so the broadcast center has to compress it.

providers use the MPEG-2 compressed video format (used on DVDs)

can reduce the 270-Mbps stream to about 3 or 10 Mbps (depending on the type of programming).

This is the crucial step that has made DTH service a success.

the high-quality digital stream of video goes through an MPEG-2 encoder.

Encryption & TransmissionAfter compression, the provider needs to encrypt it in order to keep people from accessing it for free.

Encryption scrambles the digital data in such a way that it can only be decrypted (converted back into usable data) if the receiver has the correct decoding satellite receiver with decryption algorithm and security keys.Once the signal is compressed and encrypted, the broadcast center beams it directly to one of its satellites.

The satellite picks up the signal, amplifies it and beams it back to Earth, where viewers can pick it up.

The DishThe standard dish consists of a parabolic (bowl-shaped) surface and a central feed horn.

The central element in the feed horn is the low noise blockdown converter, or LNB. The LNB amplifies the signal bouncing off the dish and filters out the noise (signals not carrying programming). The LNB passes the amplified, filtered signal to the satellite receiver inside the viewer’s house.

The LNB

It receives the signal of Ku band and converts it into RF signal.Collects Signal from MinidishAmplifies the signalSwitches between vertical and horizontal polarities.It down converts the incoming signal.Works in 2 bands 10.7-11.7 Ghz and 11.7-12.75 Ghz. (22 Khz signal switched)

The ReceiverThe receiver has four essential jobs:

It de-scrambles the encrypted signal.

In order to unlock the signal, the receiver needs the proper decoder chip for that programming package.

to make necessary adjustments to its decoding programs.

It takes the digital MPEG-2 signal and converts it into an analog format that a standard television can recognize.

The receiver spits out only one channel at a time.

Many receivers have parental lock-out options, and some have built-in Digital Video Recorders (DVRs)

SET-TOP BOX

A set-top box (STB) or set-top unit (STU) is a device that connects to a television and an external source of signal, turning the signal into content which is then displayed on the television screen

Line of Sight

Satellite links : Broadcast

IS DTH SUPERIOR TO CABLE TV…?

DTH offers better quality picture than cable TV. DTH offers stereophonic sound effects.

It can also reach remote areas where terrestrial transmission and cable TV have failed to penetrate.

DTH also allows for interactive TV services such as Internet access, video conferencing and e-mail.

The thing that DTH has going for it is that the powerful broadcasting companies like Star, Zee, etc are pushing for it.

Current Scenario

93.5 INSAT 4B

95 NSS

83 INSAT 4A

74 INSAT 4CR

ST1

DISH TV

Tata

Sky

RELIA

NCE

VID

EO

CO

N

DTH SATELLITE SCENARIO YEAR 2009

INDIAN DTHSUBSCRIBER

91.5 MEASAT

BH

AR

TI

DD AND S

UN

98.5

PROTOSTAR-1

FUTURE PROSEPECTS OF DTH…

The DTH market in INDIA is relatively increasing day -by-day. Recently, two solid competitors like Airtel ,Reliance have entered the market .

In coming 5 years.... We will manage to overtake Japan as the

largest DTH market in Asia.

In the next 4 years (by 2014) we will be able to add another 30 million subscribers .(which is about the same as the population of Belgium, Portugal and Greece put-together!)

0.06 0.18 0.751.925

4.8

9.8

15

20.9

26.1

30.4

33.8

36.237.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Year

Subsc

ribers

(M

illio

ns)

2007 to 2015…Growth of 683 %

Source : MPA report , March 2007

The DTH category is expected to grow by 680% or so in the next 7 or 8 years!

CONCLUSION

DTH has made the hopes of the people of rural areas to come true. It can reach even the remote areas where cable tv cannot be reached due to terrestrial limits.

Unlike earlier programming, the provider's broadcast is completely digital, which means it has much better picture and sound quality.

DTH have a bright future in India. Since its available across all over India and due to research and development of technology in this field, there's vast scope of improvement.

References

www.authorsteam.com

thelatestinfo.com/tag/direct-to-home-television-dth

www.wikipedia.org

Google Search

THANK YOU !!