SrNoQuestion

Id

Question

Descriptio

n

Question Body Options

1017Crown Prince United Arab Emirates

Mohd Bin Zayed Al Nahyan कराउन परिस सियकत

अरब अमीरात मोहममद पबन जायद अल नाहयान

1018Prime Minister Laos Thongloun

Sisoulith रधान मितरी लाओस थोिगलोउन पससोलॉथ

1019President South Africa Cyril

Ramaphosa राषटर पपत दपिण अफरीका पसररल

रामाफोसा 1020Prime Minister Thailand Prayuth

Chan-ocha थाईलड क रधान मितरी रयथ चान-ओशा

1021Jammu amp Kashmir जमम और कशमीर म

1022Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश म

1023Uttarakhand उततराखिड म

1024Sikkim पसककिम म

1025encourage entrepreneurship among

youth in India भारत म यवाओि म वयवसाय को

बढावा दना1026make higher education compulsory

for all children सभी बचोि क पलए उच पशिा

अपनवायय करना1027promote cottage industries and

empower rural people कटीर उदयोगोि को बढावा

दना और गरामीण लोगोि को सशकत बनाना

2 256 DU_J19_BE

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02

Nelong Valley is located in नलोिग घाटी ककथथत ह

1 255 DU_J19_BE

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01

Who was the Chief Guest at Republic Day Parade India

2019भारत 2019 गणतितर पदवस परड म मखय अपतपथ कौन थ

3 257 DU_J19_BE

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03

The mission of lsquoUnnat Bharat Abhiyanrsquo is tolsquoउननत भारत

अपभयानrsquo कापमशन ह

DU BEd Special Education Mental Retardation

1028leverage higher education institutions

to bring transformational change in rural

development processes गरामीण पवकास

रपकरयाओि म पररवतयनकारी पररवतयन लान क पलए उच

पशिा सिथथानोि का लाभ उठाना

1029National Girl Child Day January 24

राषटर ीय बापलका पदवस 24 जनवरी को 1030World Cancer Day February 4 पवशव

क सर पदवस 4 फरवरी को 1031International Womenrsquos Day March 8

अितरायषटर ीय महिला पदवस 8 मारच को

1032International Literacy Day

September 8 अितरायषटर ीय सािरता पदवस 8 पसतिबर

को 1033Madhya Pradesh मधय रदश

1034Kerala करल

1035Andhra Pradesh आिधर रदश

1036Bihar पबहार

1037Mithali Raj पमथाली राज

1038Deepti Sharma दीककि शमाय

1039Harmanpreet Kaur हरमनरीत कौर

1040Smriti Mandhana समपत मिधाना

1041Dr Satish Dhawan डॉ सतीश धवन

1042Dr A P J Abdul Kalam डॉ ए पी ज

अबदल कलाम 1043Dr U R Rao डॉ य आर राव

1044Dr Vikram Sarabhai डॉ पवकरम साराभाई

1045Equality समानता

1046Religious freedom धापमयक सवतितरता

4 258 DU_J19_BE

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04

lsquoI am and I willrsquo campaign was launched on lsquoम हि और म

कर गाrsquo अपभयान शर पकया गया था

3 257 DU_J19_BE

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03

The mission of lsquoUnnat Bharat Abhiyanrsquo is tolsquoउननत भारत

अपभयानrsquo कापमशन ह

6 260 DU_J19_BE

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06

Who holds the record for the highest ODI innings score

by an Indian woman cricketer एक पदवसीय पकरकट रपतयोपगता

की एक पारी म सवायपधक वयकककतगत सकोर बनान वाली भारतीय मपहला

पकरकटर कौन ह

5 259 DU_J19_BE

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05

Which of the following states has launched an

employment scheme lsquoYuva Swamibhan Yojnarsquo for urban

youth पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न शहरी यवाओि क पलए एक रोजगार

योजना lsquoयवा सवापभमान योजनाrsquo शर की ह

8 262 DU_J19_BE

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08

Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the

Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक

अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह

7 261 DU_J19_BE

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07

Who is known as the lsquothe first missile manrsquo of

India भारत क lsquoरथम पमसाइल मनrsquo क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह

1047Abolition of untouchability असपशयता

का उनमलन 1048Property सिपपतत

1049Aurobindo Ghosh अरपबनद घोष

1050Dr S Radhakrishnan डॉ एस

राधाकषणन1051Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad मौलाना

अबदल कलाम आजाद1052Mahatama Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1053R N Tagore आर एन टगोर

1054Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1055Muhammad Iqbal महममद इकबाल

1056Kavi Pardeep कपव रदीप

1057Ronojoy Dutta रोनोजॉय दतता

1058Pradeep Singh Kharola रदीप पसिह

खारोला 1059Ashwani Lohani अशवनी लोहानी

1060Sudhir Bharagav सधीर भागयव

1061Delhi to Varanasi पदलली को वाराणसी स

1062Prayagraj to Varanasi रयागराज को

वाराणसी स1063Delhi to Ahmedabad पदलली को

अहमदाबाद स1064Haridwar to Prayagraj हररदवार को

रयागराज स1065Class V किा V

1066Class VIII किा VIII

1067Class IX किा IX

1068Class X किा X

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08

Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the

Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक

अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह

10 264 DU_J19_BE

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10

Who is the writer of the famous song lsquoSare Jahan se

Accha Hindustan Hamara परहिदध गीत lsquoसार जहाि स अचछा

पहिदसतान हमाराrsquo क लखक कौन ह

9 263 DU_J19_BE

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09

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoHindu View of Liferdquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन पसतक पहिद वय ऑफ

लाइफ का लखक ह

12 266 DU_J19_BE

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12

Indian semi-high-speed train lsquoVande Bharat Expressrsquo

connectsभारतीय अधय-उच गपत वाली टर न lsquoविद भारत एकसरसrsquo जोड़ती ह

11 265 DU_J19_BE

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11

Who amongst the following has been appointed as the

Air India CMD for the second time पनमनपलककखत म स पकस

दसरी बार एयर इिपडया क सी एम डी क रप म पनयकत पकया गया ह

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13

No child could be detained upto which Class under lsquoNo

Detention Policyrsquo of Right to Education (RTE) Act पशिा

का अपधकार (आर टी ई) अपधपनयम की नो पडटशन पॉपलसीrsquo क अनतगयत

पकसी भी बच को पकस किा तक अवरदध नही ि पकया जा सकता ह

1069transforming India into a digital

empowered society and a knowledge

economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान

अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in

higher education institutions उच पशिा

सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह

1071creating a network of

telecommunication across all villages सभी

गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with

computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता

और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना

1073Bihar पबहार

1074Punjab पिजाब

1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश

1076Haryana हररयाणा

1077Pakistan पापकसतान

1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय

1079India इिपडया

1080Iran ईरान

1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता

1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन

1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन

1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस

सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन

1086Padma Shri पदम शरी

1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण

1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण

14 268 DU_J19_BE

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14

lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of

India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया

अपभयान का उददशय ह

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16

Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai

Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न

2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता

15 269 DU_J19_BE

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15

Which of the following states launched the initiative I

am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम

अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया

18 272 DU_J19_BE

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18

The highest civilian award in India bestowed in

recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the

highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म

सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर

कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह

17 271 DU_J19_BE

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17

Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in

India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह

1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी

1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद

1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह

1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय

बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह

1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय

1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन

मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education

(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry

Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और

मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and

Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा

1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा

1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)

1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)

1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)

1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)

1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)

1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)

1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)

1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR

DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक

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20

Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli

Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया

19 273 DU_J19_BE

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19

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह

22 276 DU_J19_BE

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22

SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का

रधान कायायलय ह

21 275 DU_J19_BE

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21

An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक

ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह

24 278 DU_J19_BE

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24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

23 277 DU_J19_BE

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23

Which of the following schemes has been announced in

Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19

म घोपषत की गई ह

1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश

1111Haryana हररयाणा

1112Maharashtra महाराषटर

11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स

11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स

11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स

11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स

11175G technology equipment 5 जी

रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन

1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन

1120Data Cable डटा कबल

1121Sweden सवीडन

1122Germany जमयनी

1123Japan जापान

1124France फरािस

1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा

अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha

Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा

अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक

बोडय1129Kerala करल

1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश

1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई

राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर

24 278 DU_J19_BE

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24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

26 280 DU_J19_BE

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26

Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in

many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और

जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था

25 279 DU_J19_BE

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25

GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग

पकया गया ह

28 282 DU_J19_BE

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28

A holistic approach for the development of pre-school

education upto the senior secondary education is in the

core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक

समगर दपषटकोण ह -

27 281 DU_J19_BE

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27

With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize

Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न

पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

29 283 DU_J19_BE

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29

As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which

of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever

category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट

इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश

लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह

1134Karnataka कनायटक

1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1136Kerala करल

1137131

1138135

1139137

1140139

1141UMIXOTT

1142TNDDHZK

1143TMIXDPR

1144UMJYNPR

1145WINTER WINTER स

1146FROG FROG स

1147DREAM DREAM स

1148SLEEP SLEEP स

114910

115064

1151129

1152356

11532

11543

11554

11565

1157North उततर

1158North-east उततर- पवय

1159South दपिण

1160South-east दपिण- पवय

116148

116252

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

32 286 DU_J19_BE

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32

In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you

write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को

JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस

पलखग

31 285 DU_J19_BE

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31

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया

जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264

34 288 DU_J19_BE

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34

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777

33 287 DU_J19_BE

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33

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is

to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह

36 290 DU_J19_BE

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36

During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend

coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed

that the shadow of her friend to her right Which

direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा

पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी

सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था

35 289 DU_J19_BE

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35

A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5

each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many

pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक

रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय

उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

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38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

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40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

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65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

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68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

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75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

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79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1028leverage higher education institutions

to bring transformational change in rural

development processes गरामीण पवकास

रपकरयाओि म पररवतयनकारी पररवतयन लान क पलए उच

पशिा सिथथानोि का लाभ उठाना

1029National Girl Child Day January 24

राषटर ीय बापलका पदवस 24 जनवरी को 1030World Cancer Day February 4 पवशव

क सर पदवस 4 फरवरी को 1031International Womenrsquos Day March 8

अितरायषटर ीय महिला पदवस 8 मारच को

1032International Literacy Day

September 8 अितरायषटर ीय सािरता पदवस 8 पसतिबर

को 1033Madhya Pradesh मधय रदश

1034Kerala करल

1035Andhra Pradesh आिधर रदश

1036Bihar पबहार

1037Mithali Raj पमथाली राज

1038Deepti Sharma दीककि शमाय

1039Harmanpreet Kaur हरमनरीत कौर

1040Smriti Mandhana समपत मिधाना

1041Dr Satish Dhawan डॉ सतीश धवन

1042Dr A P J Abdul Kalam डॉ ए पी ज

अबदल कलाम 1043Dr U R Rao डॉ य आर राव

1044Dr Vikram Sarabhai डॉ पवकरम साराभाई

1045Equality समानता

1046Religious freedom धापमयक सवतितरता

4 258 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

04

lsquoI am and I willrsquo campaign was launched on lsquoम हि और म

कर गाrsquo अपभयान शर पकया गया था

3 257 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

03

The mission of lsquoUnnat Bharat Abhiyanrsquo is tolsquoउननत भारत

अपभयानrsquo कापमशन ह

6 260 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

06

Who holds the record for the highest ODI innings score

by an Indian woman cricketer एक पदवसीय पकरकट रपतयोपगता

की एक पारी म सवायपधक वयकककतगत सकोर बनान वाली भारतीय मपहला

पकरकटर कौन ह

5 259 DU_J19_BE

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05

Which of the following states has launched an

employment scheme lsquoYuva Swamibhan Yojnarsquo for urban

youth पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न शहरी यवाओि क पलए एक रोजगार

योजना lsquoयवा सवापभमान योजनाrsquo शर की ह

8 262 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

08

Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the

Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक

अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह

7 261 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

07

Who is known as the lsquothe first missile manrsquo of

India भारत क lsquoरथम पमसाइल मनrsquo क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह

1047Abolition of untouchability असपशयता

का उनमलन 1048Property सिपपतत

1049Aurobindo Ghosh अरपबनद घोष

1050Dr S Radhakrishnan डॉ एस

राधाकषणन1051Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad मौलाना

अबदल कलाम आजाद1052Mahatama Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1053R N Tagore आर एन टगोर

1054Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1055Muhammad Iqbal महममद इकबाल

1056Kavi Pardeep कपव रदीप

1057Ronojoy Dutta रोनोजॉय दतता

1058Pradeep Singh Kharola रदीप पसिह

खारोला 1059Ashwani Lohani अशवनी लोहानी

1060Sudhir Bharagav सधीर भागयव

1061Delhi to Varanasi पदलली को वाराणसी स

1062Prayagraj to Varanasi रयागराज को

वाराणसी स1063Delhi to Ahmedabad पदलली को

अहमदाबाद स1064Haridwar to Prayagraj हररदवार को

रयागराज स1065Class V किा V

1066Class VIII किा VIII

1067Class IX किा IX

1068Class X किा X

8 262 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

08

Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the

Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक

अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह

10 264 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

10

Who is the writer of the famous song lsquoSare Jahan se

Accha Hindustan Hamara परहिदध गीत lsquoसार जहाि स अचछा

पहिदसतान हमाराrsquo क लखक कौन ह

9 263 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

09

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoHindu View of Liferdquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन पसतक पहिद वय ऑफ

लाइफ का लखक ह

12 266 DU_J19_BE

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12

Indian semi-high-speed train lsquoVande Bharat Expressrsquo

connectsभारतीय अधय-उच गपत वाली टर न lsquoविद भारत एकसरसrsquo जोड़ती ह

11 265 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

11

Who amongst the following has been appointed as the

Air India CMD for the second time पनमनपलककखत म स पकस

दसरी बार एयर इिपडया क सी एम डी क रप म पनयकत पकया गया ह

13 267 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

13

No child could be detained upto which Class under lsquoNo

Detention Policyrsquo of Right to Education (RTE) Act पशिा

का अपधकार (आर टी ई) अपधपनयम की नो पडटशन पॉपलसीrsquo क अनतगयत

पकसी भी बच को पकस किा तक अवरदध नही ि पकया जा सकता ह

1069transforming India into a digital

empowered society and a knowledge

economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान

अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in

higher education institutions उच पशिा

सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह

1071creating a network of

telecommunication across all villages सभी

गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with

computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता

और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना

1073Bihar पबहार

1074Punjab पिजाब

1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश

1076Haryana हररयाणा

1077Pakistan पापकसतान

1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय

1079India इिपडया

1080Iran ईरान

1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता

1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन

1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन

1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस

सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन

1086Padma Shri पदम शरी

1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण

1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण

14 268 DU_J19_BE

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14

lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of

India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया

अपभयान का उददशय ह

16 270 DU_J19_BE

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16

Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai

Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न

2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता

15 269 DU_J19_BE

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15

Which of the following states launched the initiative I

am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम

अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया

18 272 DU_J19_BE

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18

The highest civilian award in India bestowed in

recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the

highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म

सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर

कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह

17 271 DU_J19_BE

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17

Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in

India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह

1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी

1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद

1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह

1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय

बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह

1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय

1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन

मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education

(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry

Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और

मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and

Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा

1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा

1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)

1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)

1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)

1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)

1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)

1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)

1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)

1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR

DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक

20 274 DU_J19_BE

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20

Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli

Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया

19 273 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

19

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह

22 276 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

22

SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का

रधान कायायलय ह

21 275 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

21

An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक

ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह

24 278 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

23 277 DU_J19_BE

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23

Which of the following schemes has been announced in

Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19

म घोपषत की गई ह

1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश

1111Haryana हररयाणा

1112Maharashtra महाराषटर

11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स

11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स

11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स

11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स

11175G technology equipment 5 जी

रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन

1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन

1120Data Cable डटा कबल

1121Sweden सवीडन

1122Germany जमयनी

1123Japan जापान

1124France फरािस

1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा

अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha

Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा

अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक

बोडय1129Kerala करल

1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश

1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई

राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर

24 278 DU_J19_BE

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24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

26 280 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

26

Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in

many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और

जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था

25 279 DU_J19_BE

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25

GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग

पकया गया ह

28 282 DU_J19_BE

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28

A holistic approach for the development of pre-school

education upto the senior secondary education is in the

core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक

समगर दपषटकोण ह -

27 281 DU_J19_BE

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27

With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize

Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न

पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

29 283 DU_J19_BE

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29

As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which

of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever

category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट

इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश

लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह

1134Karnataka कनायटक

1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1136Kerala करल

1137131

1138135

1139137

1140139

1141UMIXOTT

1142TNDDHZK

1143TMIXDPR

1144UMJYNPR

1145WINTER WINTER स

1146FROG FROG स

1147DREAM DREAM स

1148SLEEP SLEEP स

114910

115064

1151129

1152356

11532

11543

11554

11565

1157North उततर

1158North-east उततर- पवय

1159South दपिण

1160South-east दपिण- पवय

116148

116252

30 284 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

32 286 DU_J19_BE

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32

In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you

write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को

JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस

पलखग

31 285 DU_J19_BE

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31

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया

जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264

34 288 DU_J19_BE

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34

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777

33 287 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

33

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is

to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह

36 290 DU_J19_BE

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36

During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend

coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed

that the shadow of her friend to her right Which

direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा

पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी

सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था

35 289 DU_J19_BE

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35

A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5

each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many

pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक

रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय

उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

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38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

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41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

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44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

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43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1047Abolition of untouchability असपशयता

का उनमलन 1048Property सिपपतत

1049Aurobindo Ghosh अरपबनद घोष

1050Dr S Radhakrishnan डॉ एस

राधाकषणन1051Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad मौलाना

अबदल कलाम आजाद1052Mahatama Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1053R N Tagore आर एन टगोर

1054Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1055Muhammad Iqbal महममद इकबाल

1056Kavi Pardeep कपव रदीप

1057Ronojoy Dutta रोनोजॉय दतता

1058Pradeep Singh Kharola रदीप पसिह

खारोला 1059Ashwani Lohani अशवनी लोहानी

1060Sudhir Bharagav सधीर भागयव

1061Delhi to Varanasi पदलली को वाराणसी स

1062Prayagraj to Varanasi रयागराज को

वाराणसी स1063Delhi to Ahmedabad पदलली को

अहमदाबाद स1064Haridwar to Prayagraj हररदवार को

रयागराज स1065Class V किा V

1066Class VIII किा VIII

1067Class IX किा IX

1068Class X किा X

8 262 DU_J19_BE

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08

Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the

Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक

अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह

10 264 DU_J19_BE

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10

Who is the writer of the famous song lsquoSare Jahan se

Accha Hindustan Hamara परहिदध गीत lsquoसार जहाि स अचछा

पहिदसतान हमाराrsquo क लखक कौन ह

9 263 DU_J19_BE

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09

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoHindu View of Liferdquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन पसतक पहिद वय ऑफ

लाइफ का लखक ह

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12

Indian semi-high-speed train lsquoVande Bharat Expressrsquo

connectsभारतीय अधय-उच गपत वाली टर न lsquoविद भारत एकसरसrsquo जोड़ती ह

11 265 DU_J19_BE

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11

Who amongst the following has been appointed as the

Air India CMD for the second time पनमनपलककखत म स पकस

दसरी बार एयर इिपडया क सी एम डी क रप म पनयकत पकया गया ह

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13

No child could be detained upto which Class under lsquoNo

Detention Policyrsquo of Right to Education (RTE) Act पशिा

का अपधकार (आर टी ई) अपधपनयम की नो पडटशन पॉपलसीrsquo क अनतगयत

पकसी भी बच को पकस किा तक अवरदध नही ि पकया जा सकता ह

1069transforming India into a digital

empowered society and a knowledge

economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान

अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in

higher education institutions उच पशिा

सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह

1071creating a network of

telecommunication across all villages सभी

गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with

computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता

और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना

1073Bihar पबहार

1074Punjab पिजाब

1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश

1076Haryana हररयाणा

1077Pakistan पापकसतान

1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय

1079India इिपडया

1080Iran ईरान

1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता

1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन

1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन

1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस

सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन

1086Padma Shri पदम शरी

1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण

1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण

14 268 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

14

lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of

India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया

अपभयान का उददशय ह

16 270 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

16

Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai

Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न

2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता

15 269 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

15

Which of the following states launched the initiative I

am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम

अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया

18 272 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

18

The highest civilian award in India bestowed in

recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the

highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म

सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर

कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह

17 271 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

17

Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in

India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह

1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी

1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद

1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह

1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय

बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह

1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय

1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन

मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education

(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry

Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और

मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and

Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा

1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा

1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)

1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)

1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)

1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)

1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)

1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)

1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)

1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR

DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक

20 274 DU_J19_BE

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20

Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli

Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया

19 273 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

19

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह

22 276 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

22

SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का

रधान कायायलय ह

21 275 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

21

An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक

ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह

24 278 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

23 277 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

23

Which of the following schemes has been announced in

Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19

म घोपषत की गई ह

1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश

1111Haryana हररयाणा

1112Maharashtra महाराषटर

11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स

11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स

11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स

11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स

11175G technology equipment 5 जी

रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन

1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन

1120Data Cable डटा कबल

1121Sweden सवीडन

1122Germany जमयनी

1123Japan जापान

1124France फरािस

1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा

अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha

Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा

अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक

बोडय1129Kerala करल

1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश

1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई

राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर

24 278 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

26 280 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

26

Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in

many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और

जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था

25 279 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

25

GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग

पकया गया ह

28 282 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

28

A holistic approach for the development of pre-school

education upto the senior secondary education is in the

core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक

समगर दपषटकोण ह -

27 281 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

27

With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize

Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न

पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया

30 284 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

29 283 DU_J19_BE

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29

As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which

of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever

category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट

इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश

लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह

1134Karnataka कनायटक

1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1136Kerala करल

1137131

1138135

1139137

1140139

1141UMIXOTT

1142TNDDHZK

1143TMIXDPR

1144UMJYNPR

1145WINTER WINTER स

1146FROG FROG स

1147DREAM DREAM स

1148SLEEP SLEEP स

114910

115064

1151129

1152356

11532

11543

11554

11565

1157North उततर

1158North-east उततर- पवय

1159South दपिण

1160South-east दपिण- पवय

116148

116252

30 284 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

32 286 DU_J19_BE

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32

In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you

write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को

JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस

पलखग

31 285 DU_J19_BE

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31

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया

जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264

34 288 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

34

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777

33 287 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

33

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is

to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह

36 290 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

36

During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend

coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed

that the shadow of her friend to her right Which

direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा

पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी

सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था

35 289 DU_J19_BE

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35

A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5

each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many

pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक

रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय

उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी

37 291 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

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41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

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58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1069transforming India into a digital

empowered society and a knowledge

economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान

अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in

higher education institutions उच पशिा

सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह

1071creating a network of

telecommunication across all villages सभी

गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with

computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता

और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना

1073Bihar पबहार

1074Punjab पिजाब

1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश

1076Haryana हररयाणा

1077Pakistan पापकसतान

1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय

1079India इिपडया

1080Iran ईरान

1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता

1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन

1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन

1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस

सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन

1086Padma Shri पदम शरी

1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण

1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण

14 268 DU_J19_BE

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14

lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of

India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया

अपभयान का उददशय ह

16 270 DU_J19_BE

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16

Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai

Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न

2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता

15 269 DU_J19_BE

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15

Which of the following states launched the initiative I

am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम

अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया

18 272 DU_J19_BE

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18

The highest civilian award in India bestowed in

recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the

highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म

सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर

कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह

17 271 DU_J19_BE

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17

Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in

India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह

1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी

1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद

1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह

1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय

बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह

1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय

1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन

मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education

(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry

Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और

मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and

Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा

1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा

1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)

1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)

1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)

1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)

1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)

1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)

1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)

1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR

DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक

20 274 DU_J19_BE

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20

Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli

Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया

19 273 DU_J19_BE

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19

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह

22 276 DU_J19_BE

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22

SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का

रधान कायायलय ह

21 275 DU_J19_BE

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21

An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक

ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह

24 278 DU_J19_BE

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24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

23 277 DU_J19_BE

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23

Which of the following schemes has been announced in

Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19

म घोपषत की गई ह

1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश

1111Haryana हररयाणा

1112Maharashtra महाराषटर

11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स

11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स

11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स

11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स

11175G technology equipment 5 जी

रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन

1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन

1120Data Cable डटा कबल

1121Sweden सवीडन

1122Germany जमयनी

1123Japan जापान

1124France फरािस

1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा

अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha

Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा

अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक

बोडय1129Kerala करल

1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश

1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई

राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर

24 278 DU_J19_BE

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24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

26 280 DU_J19_BE

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26

Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in

many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और

जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था

25 279 DU_J19_BE

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25

GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग

पकया गया ह

28 282 DU_J19_BE

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28

A holistic approach for the development of pre-school

education upto the senior secondary education is in the

core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक

समगर दपषटकोण ह -

27 281 DU_J19_BE

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27

With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize

Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न

पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

29 283 DU_J19_BE

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29

As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which

of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever

category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट

इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश

लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह

1134Karnataka कनायटक

1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1136Kerala करल

1137131

1138135

1139137

1140139

1141UMIXOTT

1142TNDDHZK

1143TMIXDPR

1144UMJYNPR

1145WINTER WINTER स

1146FROG FROG स

1147DREAM DREAM स

1148SLEEP SLEEP स

114910

115064

1151129

1152356

11532

11543

11554

11565

1157North उततर

1158North-east उततर- पवय

1159South दपिण

1160South-east दपिण- पवय

116148

116252

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

32 286 DU_J19_BE

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32

In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you

write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को

JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस

पलखग

31 285 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

31

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया

जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264

34 288 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

34

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777

33 287 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

33

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is

to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह

36 290 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

36

During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend

coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed

that the shadow of her friend to her right Which

direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा

पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी

सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था

35 289 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

35

A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5

each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many

pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक

रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय

उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी

37 291 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

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65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

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68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी

1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद

1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह

1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय

बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह

1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय

1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन

मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education

(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry

Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और

मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and

Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा

1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा

1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)

1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)

1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)

1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)

1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)

1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)

1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)

1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR

DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक

20 274 DU_J19_BE

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20

Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli

Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया

19 273 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

19

Who amongst the following is the author of the book

lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह

22 276 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

22

SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का

रधान कायायलय ह

21 275 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

21

An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक

ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह

24 278 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

23 277 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

23

Which of the following schemes has been announced in

Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19

म घोपषत की गई ह

1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश

1111Haryana हररयाणा

1112Maharashtra महाराषटर

11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स

11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स

11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स

11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स

11175G technology equipment 5 जी

रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन

1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन

1120Data Cable डटा कबल

1121Sweden सवीडन

1122Germany जमयनी

1123Japan जापान

1124France फरािस

1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा

अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha

Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा

अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक

बोडय1129Kerala करल

1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश

1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई

राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर

24 278 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

26 280 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

26

Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in

many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और

जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था

25 279 DU_J19_BE

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25

GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग

पकया गया ह

28 282 DU_J19_BE

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28

A holistic approach for the development of pre-school

education upto the senior secondary education is in the

core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक

समगर दपषटकोण ह -

27 281 DU_J19_BE

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27

With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize

Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न

पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

29 283 DU_J19_BE

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29

As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which

of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever

category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट

इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश

लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह

1134Karnataka कनायटक

1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1136Kerala करल

1137131

1138135

1139137

1140139

1141UMIXOTT

1142TNDDHZK

1143TMIXDPR

1144UMJYNPR

1145WINTER WINTER स

1146FROG FROG स

1147DREAM DREAM स

1148SLEEP SLEEP स

114910

115064

1151129

1152356

11532

11543

11554

11565

1157North उततर

1158North-east उततर- पवय

1159South दपिण

1160South-east दपिण- पवय

116148

116252

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

32 286 DU_J19_BE

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32

In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you

write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को

JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस

पलखग

31 285 DU_J19_BE

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31

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया

जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264

34 288 DU_J19_BE

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34

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777

33 287 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

33

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is

to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह

36 290 DU_J19_BE

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36

During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend

coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed

that the shadow of her friend to her right Which

direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा

पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी

सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था

35 289 DU_J19_BE

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35

A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5

each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many

pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक

रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय

उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

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38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

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40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

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42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

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41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

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44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

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43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

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46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

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45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

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48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

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49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

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50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

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56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

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58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश

1111Haryana हररयाणा

1112Maharashtra महाराषटर

11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स

11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स

11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स

11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स

11175G technology equipment 5 जी

रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन

1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन

1120Data Cable डटा कबल

1121Sweden सवीडन

1122Germany जमयनी

1123Japan जापान

1124France फरािस

1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा

अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha

Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा

अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक

बोडय1129Kerala करल

1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश

1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई

राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर

24 278 DU_J19_BE

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24

Which of the following state of India tops of the list of

lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क

पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस

ऊपर ह

26 280 DU_J19_BE

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26

Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in

many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और

जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था

25 279 DU_J19_BE

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25

GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग

पकया गया ह

28 282 DU_J19_BE

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28

A holistic approach for the development of pre-school

education upto the senior secondary education is in the

core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक

समगर दपषटकोण ह -

27 281 DU_J19_BE

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27

With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize

Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न

पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

29 283 DU_J19_BE

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29

As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which

of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever

category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट

इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश

लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह

1134Karnataka कनायटक

1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1136Kerala करल

1137131

1138135

1139137

1140139

1141UMIXOTT

1142TNDDHZK

1143TMIXDPR

1144UMJYNPR

1145WINTER WINTER स

1146FROG FROG स

1147DREAM DREAM स

1148SLEEP SLEEP स

114910

115064

1151129

1152356

11532

11543

11554

11565

1157North उततर

1158North-east उततर- पवय

1159South दपिण

1160South-east दपिण- पवय

116148

116252

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

32 286 DU_J19_BE

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32

In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you

write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को

JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस

पलखग

31 285 DU_J19_BE

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31

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया

जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264

34 288 DU_J19_BE

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34

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777

33 287 DU_J19_BE

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33

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is

to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह

36 290 DU_J19_BE

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36

During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend

coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed

that the shadow of her friend to her right Which

direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा

पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी

सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था

35 289 DU_J19_BE

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35

A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5

each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many

pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक

रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय

उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

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38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

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40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

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42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

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41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

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44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1134Karnataka कनायटक

1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड

1136Kerala करल

1137131

1138135

1139137

1140139

1141UMIXOTT

1142TNDDHZK

1143TMIXDPR

1144UMJYNPR

1145WINTER WINTER स

1146FROG FROG स

1147DREAM DREAM स

1148SLEEP SLEEP स

114910

115064

1151129

1152356

11532

11543

11554

11565

1157North उततर

1158North-east उततर- पवय

1159South दपिण

1160South-east दपिण- पवय

116148

116252

30 284 DU_J19_BE

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30

Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee

in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित

करता ह

32 286 DU_J19_BE

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32

In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you

write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को

JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस

पलखग

31 285 DU_J19_BE

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31

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया

जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264

34 288 DU_J19_BE

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34

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777

33 287 DU_J19_BE

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33

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is

to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह

36 290 DU_J19_BE

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36

During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend

coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed

that the shadow of her friend to her right Which

direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा

पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी

सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था

35 289 DU_J19_BE

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35

A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5

each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many

pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक

रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय

उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

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37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

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40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

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41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

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43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

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46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

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48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

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49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

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50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

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49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

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54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

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56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

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55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

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58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

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59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

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63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

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66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

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65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

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68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

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69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

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76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

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75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

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79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

116355

116458

116524

116628

116732

116836

1169Brother भाई

1170Father पपता

1171Uncle मामा

1172Grandfather दादा

11736 times 6 बार

11748 times 8 बार

117510 times 10 बार

117612 times 12 बार

11776

11789

117917

118027

118117th

118218th

118319th

118420th

38 292 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

38

If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value

of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो

4 X 8 = का मान कया ह

37 291 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

37

The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If

70 males and 40 females are employed what is the

percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म

परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40

मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह

40 294 DU_J19_BE

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40

There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening

photography sports pottery and dramatics The

gardening club meets every second day the

photography club meets every third day the sports

club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets

every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every

sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet

on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म

पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर

नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर

तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर

पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय

(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह

39 293 DU_J19_BE

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39

If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of

my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल

कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस

सिबिपधत ह

42 296 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

42

In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is

25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the

two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position

does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता

सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय

दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन

स कया ह

41 295 DU_J19_BE

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41

23832

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

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48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

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56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

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58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

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66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

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65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

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68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

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69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

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75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

118530

118628

118726

118824

118941

119029

11919

119230

249017

2490215

2490326

2490416

119742

119847

119952

120057

1201141191022

1202131011921

1203141091021

1204131110922

1205AGITATED

1206RECKLESS

1207CORAGEOUS

1208TERRIFIED

12097

121028

44 298 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

44

If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +

then which of the following answers is the correct value

of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय

ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9

- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह

43 297 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

43

A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40

days but if there were 8 men more it would be

finished in 10 days earlier The number of men

were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती

हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो

जाता परषोि की सिखया थी

46 300 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

46

Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को

जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123

45 13726 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

45

Which of the answers would occupy the missing

numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा

48 302 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

48

EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is

toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही

FRIGHTENED का ह

47 301 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

47

In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you

write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166

पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1211124

1212215

121345

121460

121575

121690

1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना

1218Respiration शवसन

1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस

1220Decomposition of vegetable matter

into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन

24905Propane परोपन

24906Propanol परोपनोल

24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड

24908Propanal परोपनल

1225Na (11)

1226Ca (20)

1227C (6)

1228K (19)

1229Glucose शकय रा

1230Starch सटाचय

1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन

1232Fructose फरकटोज

50 304 DU_J19_BE

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50

A child saves money in his piggy bank The money

saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in

his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number

of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total

number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म

पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक

म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान

ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह

49 303 DU_J19_BE

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49

Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात

कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342

52 13727 DU_J19_BE

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52

isformulaof कासतरह

51 305 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

51

Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic

reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया

नही ि ह

54 308 DU_J19_BE

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54

The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in

our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि

ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह

53 307 DU_J19_BE

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53

An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To

which of the following elements it would be chemically

similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म

स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि

उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage

रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ

1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal

muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की

मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया

मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms

कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस

ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic

organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह

1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships

कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js

12421 KJs

12431 KJhr

12441 Js2

1245Inertia जड़तव का

1246Momentum आवग का

1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन

की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की

गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा

1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा

1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा

1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा

1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या

1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली

56 310 DU_J19_BE

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56

Which of the following statement for fungi is not

true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह

55 309 DU_J19_BE

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55

Which of the following group represents an example of

connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का

उदाहरण रसतत करता ह

58 312 DU_J19_BE

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58

As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward

direction the boat moves backward It is an example

of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ

की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह

57 311 DU_J19_BE

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57

A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह

60 314 DU_J19_BE

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60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

59 313 DU_J19_BE

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59

In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण

पनयिपतरत होता ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

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60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

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62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

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61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

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63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

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66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

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65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

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68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

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67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

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69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय

1256Plastids पलाककसटड

1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस

1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट

1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस

1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय

1261Reducing the wages of workers

शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods

तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product

तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना

1264Recruiting more people to reduce the

load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार

कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना

1265A position एक पद

1266A form of tax कर का एक रप

1267The decoration of Rang Mahal

रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions

उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा

1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya

बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर

1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस

60 314 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

60

Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the

presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह

यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह

62 316 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

62

Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती

का मतलब ह

61 315 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

61

In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the

terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and

character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर

परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

63 317 DU_J19_BE

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63

Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

66 320 DU_J19_BE

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66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

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65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

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68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

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75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी

1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन

1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का

सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का

पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks

बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना

1277I II IV

1278II III IV

1279I III IV

1280Only IV पसफय IV

1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल

1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर

1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध

1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण

1285I only I पसफय

1286II only II पसफय

1287III only III पसफय

1288I and II only I और II पसफय

1289Prejudice पवयगरह का

1290Diversity पवपवधता का

64 318 DU_J19_BE

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64

Who was the first writer to create the identity of India

with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ

भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ

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66

Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I

They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all

religion flocked to visit here III They hold their

assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people

attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म

पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय

की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व

राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह

चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया

65 319 DU_J19_BE

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65

Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos

Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह

68 322 DU_J19_BE

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68

Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North

America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly

land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I

उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या

पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर

67 321 DU_J19_BE

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67

Which of the following planets have rings around

themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

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69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

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70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

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69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

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72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

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Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का

1292Discrimination भदभाव का

1293I II III

1294I II IV

1295I III IV

1296II III IV

1297b ndash a ndash 1

1298b ndash a + 1

1299a ndash b + 1

1300a ndash b ndash1

1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह

1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक

समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular

PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS

क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी

1306360 km 360 पकमी

1307400 km 400 पकमी

1308500 km 500 पकमी

1309Integers पणााकोि

1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक

70 324 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

70

The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have

small summits and a broad base III may have one or

more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table

land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज

भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत

ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV

एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह

69 323 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

69

Being made to sit separately in the classroom because

of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म

अलग बठाना एक रप ह

72 326 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

72

The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of

the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a

rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही

करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद

71 325 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

71

If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c

is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद

बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो

शनयोि का उतपाद ह

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

73 327 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

73

A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The

speed of a train is double the speed of the car The

speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of

the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours

would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न

की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-

पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक

पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक

पणााक1313halved आधी

1314Doubled दोगनी

1315Same समान

1316four times चार बार

1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह

1318becomes 5 times the original mean

मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह

1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह

1321BC EF = A C FD

1322AB EF = AC DE

1323BC DE = AB EF

1324BC DE = AB FD

132516

132614

132715

132812

1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल

वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म

1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म

1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म

1333(2 0) (2 0)पर

1334(0 3) (0 3)पर

1335(3 0) (3 0)पर

1336(0 2) (0 2)पर

74 328 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

74

In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are

always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह

76 330 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

76

If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then

their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो

उनका माधय

75 329 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

75

In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved

new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया

दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय

ितरफल होगा

78 332 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

78

Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल

सिखया ह

77 331 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

77

If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle

ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the

following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और

पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि

ह

80 334 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

80

The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-

axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस

पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह

79 333 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

79

The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक

माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1341by acquiring knowledge

1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1343through openings

1344by denying public information

1345enable citizens to participate fully in

the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

81 336 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

81

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateA person gets power

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1347to gain knowledge of administration

1348to make the people Government

friendly

1349to provide power to the civil servants

82 337 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

82

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateRight to Information is a major step

forward to

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1350as an instrument for improving

Government-citizen interface resulting in a

friendly caring and effective Government

1351a draconian law against the officials

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1352to check the harassment of the

people

1353extending power to the executive

authorities

1354combining the executive and

legislative power

84 339 DU_J19_BE

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84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

83 338 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

83

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in

implementing the act in letter and spirit

1356educating the people before its

implementation

84 339 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

84

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective

by

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1357it could be reviewed based on the

experience gained on its functioning

1358the civil servants would see the Bill in

a positive spirit

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1359it would not be considered as a

draconian law for paralyzing Government

1360All the above

1365that they date back to one thousand

and five hundred years ago

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

85 340 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

85

Read the passage carefully and answer question James

Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own

governors must arm themselves with power that

knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act

1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members

of the public access to information Public functioning

has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a

democracy in which people govern themselves it is

necessary to have more openness In the maturing of

our democracy right to information is a major step

forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the

decision-making process that affects their lives so

profoundly It is in this context that the address of the

Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said

ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our

civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not

as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as

an instrument for improving Government-Citizen

interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective

Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He

further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will

be scope to review its functioning as we gain

experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation

whose working will be kept under constant

reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with

the application of the Right to Information in Executive

Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a

pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit

because much of the work that the Judiciary does is

open to public scrutiny Government of India has

sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for

about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic

classification standardization and categorization of

records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its

mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would

be required in all other public authorities The

transformation from nontransparency to transparency

and public accountability is the responsibility of all three

organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill

innovative and hoped that

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest

island caves

1367that rocks have been cut and

sculpted into magnificent statues of gods

1368that they have some of the most

magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord

Shiva

86 342 DU_J19_BE

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86

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

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Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1370Ascetic Shiva

1371Maheshmurti

1372Ardhnarinateshwar

87 343 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

87

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1374in a dilapidated state

1375in a magnificent state

88 344 DU_J19_BE

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88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1376in a precarious state

1377protect caves from vandalism

1378help authorities to implement

regulations

88 344 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

88

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared

a World Heritage Site the caves were

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1379help clean up the surroundings

1380discourage visitors from carrying

eatables inside

89 345 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

89

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel

were deployed in order to

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

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90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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92

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1382the bilge from oil exploring activities

90 346 DU_J19_BE

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90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

90 346 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1383plastic dumped in the sea

1384the rapid industrial development in

their vicinity

1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन

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90

Read the passage carefully and answer question One

thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen

began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent

statues of gods little did they realise that in the second

millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a

major tourist attraction but would also be a World

Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are

getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for

Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with

the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up

the caves and protect them from further decay and

degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths

century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent

rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km

from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by

small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb

over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves

were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa

kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati

Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these

is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which

is about six metres high The great elephant structure

in black stone which gave the island its name was

removed in 1864 by British to take it to England

However it was later returned to India and now stands

at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the

centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge

cannons installed by the British in order to protect

Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine

carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different

manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing

demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and

Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as

Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting

Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and

Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of

leading international archaeologists conservators and

historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to

UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The

proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were

declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most

important part of the effort was to clean the

surroundings of the heritage site For example there is

an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses

some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of

carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was

to clean up the littered surroundings and also to

discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic

bags inside the caves This step too was roundly

criticised but gradually people were educated on the

historic and religious importance of the caves and the

incidents of littering have considerably reduced To

protect the caves from vandalism security personnel

were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities

to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH

volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter

Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the

rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic

chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400

metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and

plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened

marine and bird life of the areas The most potent

threat the caves suffer from is

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91

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन

1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह

1392रिा करन का वचन

1393पकसी को लट लत ह

1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत

1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत

1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह

92 349 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद

91 348 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1397खली पसतक स

1398सभी जीवोि स

1399पिपतज स

1400पढी जा रही पसतक स

93 350 DU_J19_BE

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93

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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94

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता

1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह

1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह

1404उसक बहत स पसर ह

1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह

94 351 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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95

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह

1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त

1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह

1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए

1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए

1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

95 352 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता

आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और

आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह

नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम

नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान

पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई

कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट

नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी

मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक

इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार

यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार

सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह

नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला

आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह

पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक

ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन

सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना

चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह

आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी

मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा

अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या

पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए

1413अपधकार नही ि मानना

1414हसतिप नही ि करना

1415आकरमण नही ि करना

1416अवहलना नही ि करना

1417एकरपता ह

96 358 DU_J19_BE

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100

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी

सवतितरता क साथ-साथ

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

97 354 DU_J19_BE

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96

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह

पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म

lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

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98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1418सामापजकता ह

1419समानता ह

1420पवपवधता ह

1421दशज

1422आगत

1423ततसम

1424तदभव

99 356 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

98

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo

शबद ह

98 355 DU_J19_BE

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97

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क

आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह

1425दबा दना

1426तयाग करना

1427परोपहताई करना

1428तपयण करना

100 357 DU_J19_BE

D_SEMR_Q

99

पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही

उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का

समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय

की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह

और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क

रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन

वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की

हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और

सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क

बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज

म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और

पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान

की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी

अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब

म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार

कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म

lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह