Dual Auto - Structure, Process, Performance - A Focus on Recent Inspections -
Ratko Vojvodic
35th Annual EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop
Clearwater Beach, Florida, USA
July 18-20, 2016
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.2
Outline
Automated analysis in Rev 8
Diverse redundancy
Preparation and implementation
TMI
Callaway
Sizewell B
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.3
Structure
EPRI PWR SG Examination Guidelines Rev 8 and Appendix L
are published so main directions in developing, configuring,
testing and implementing the automated analysis are known
Highly complex process structured process with the written site-specific
guidelines as the backbone
Structural and organizational aspects are covered with a lot of details
Roles, responsibilities, documentation and communication, changes, process
requirements, system configuration elements, control and monitoring, previous
inspection data and history validation
Duality / diverse redundancy
Two teams, two systems, independence, complementariness, difference,
multiplication of algorithms or processes
Technical details left at the discretion of licensees
Normal and exceptional signal behavior, minimum reporting requirements
What constitutes independent, complementary and/or different algorithms/processes
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.4
Diverse redundancy
Redundancy (engineering / data analysis)
Multiplication of critical components, systems or functions within a
system with the intention of increasing the reliability of the system
Multiplication of methods, techniques and/or concepts with the intention
of increasing the POD
Duplication (homogenous redundancy)
Duplication without essential difference between duplicates will not have
any benefit on the data analysis performance
May even be counterproductive providing false comfort or false sense of
improved reliability while it is in fact a waste of resources
Diverse redundancy
Multiplication of methods, techniques and/or concepts producing
independent results with the intention of increasing the POD
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.5
Diverse redundancy
Dual analysis (two-party independent process)
Independent data analyses making them independent systems using
independent detections (not same)
Single analysis (multiple algorithm single integrated process)
Complementary and different algorithms or processes for signal
detection, classification and preliminary reporting
Identification of diverse redundancy may not be an easy task
Knowledge about techniques applied
Knowledge about the automated system
Technically justified decisions relative to the diverse
redundancy may pave the path towards some additional auto
analysis implementation strategies not currently instigated
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.6
Diverse redundancy – where
5. REPORTING NO
4. CLASSIFICATION yes
3. DETECTION YES
2. LOCATING NO
1. SETUP NO
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.7
Diverse redundancy – how much
Needed level of redundancy
Is redundancy needed when a system is performing satisfactorily
meeting the performance demonstration requirements?
How much redundancy is needed and what are possible consequences?
Cost and benefit of redundancy
Dual analysis demonstrates higher POD
What POD is needed
Adequacy throughout degradation types, depths and morphologies
(toolbox, stress level)
Defense in depth particularly in new situations and in the presence of
unanticipated signals
Verification of redundancy
Actually embedded and applied in the process
Performance demonstration
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.8
Implementation modes
Single pass auto & Dual auto
Structured Conservative
Process Technical
independence Organizational independence Safeguards
against common mode
failures
Verification and monitoring
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.9
Implementation modes
Single pass auto
Dual auto – two systems, two teams
Manual + auto by same analyst
No insight in auto results
Manual review/resolution equivalent to single pass or dual analysis
Dual auto run by one analyst on the same computer or on two
computers
No insight in auto results or even reviewing/editing one set of results
Manual review/resolution equivalent to single pass or dual analysis
Avoid common mode failures that impact both systems
Setup, locating, tube coverage, document interpretation, training…
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.10
Preparation
Collecting the information Input data
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.11
Preparation
Building and testing
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.12
Preparation
Finalizing the process
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.13
TMI highlights
Dual automated analysis of bobbin probe data
Rigorous performance demonstration requirements in
addition to the SSPD
Unanticipated signals, OEs
False calls limited to 10% to demonstrate on the previous outage data
Common mode failures prevention
Role and involvement of the licensee
AIDA3
NAT, PAT, REV detection
techniques
Classification A, reporting
MIRA3
MER, STA/LTA, WTT detection
techniques
Classification B, reporting
Rigorous requirements set, good preparation needed, dual auto
analysis beneficial
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.14
Performance at TMI
Degradation mechanism 1
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.15
Performance at TMI
Degradation mechanism 2
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.16
Performance at TMI
Degradation mechanism 1
One party POD requirements met
Combined POD improved
significantly
POD 80/90 POD 90/50
PRI 96.0/90 96.4/50
SEC 96.7/90 97.0/50
COMBINED 99.8/90 99.8/50
Degradation mechanism 2
One party POD requirements met
Minor improvement of combined
POD
POD 80/90 POD 90/50
PRI 96.7/90 97.8/50
SEC 98.3/90 99.0/50
COMBINED 98.6/90 99.3/50
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.17
Callaway highlights
Dual automated analysis of bobbin probe data
Automated analysis of array probe data
Same preparation as for TMI
Same auto analysis tools as for TMI (AIDA3 and MIRA3)
Implementation of fixed sizing curves
Very low number of false calls
0.2 false calls/tube in the previous outage data
<0.2 false calls/tube during the examination
Rigorous preparation, use of fixed curves valuable, low number of
false calls, dual auto analysis beneficial
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.18
Performance at Callaway
Degradation mechanism 1
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.19
Performance at Callaway
Degradation mechanism 1
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.20
Performance at Callaway
Degradation mechanism 1
POD requirements met by primary and secondary
Combined POD improved
POD 80/90 POD 90/50
PRI 98.5/90 99.1/50
SEC 95.6/90 96.7/50
COMBINED 99.5/90 99.8/50
Dual Auto – Structure, Process, Performance – A Focus on Recent Inspections 35th EPRI SG NDE and Tube Integrity Workshop July 18-20, 2016 p.21
Sizewell B highlights
Model F steam generator with I690 tubing material
Dual auto analysis of bobbin probe data
Blind test administered by licensee
Acquire and analyze data from the test tubes with unknown degradation
Dual SSPD
Same preparation as for TMI and Callaway
Same auto analysis tools used (AIDA3 and MIRA3)
Very low number of degraded tubes so very little difference in
results between primary and secondary analysis
Different detection techniques resulted in different analysis
speed and different number of false calls
