8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

1/22

Afzal Ahmad 06-NTU-104

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

2/22

Dyneema is a registered trademark of Royal

DSM (The Netherlands).

Dyneema wasinvented by DSM in 1979.

It has been in commercial production since

1990 at a plantin Heerlen, the Netherlands

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

3/22

Itis Ultra-high-molecular-weight

polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber

It has extremely long chains, with molecularweight numbering in the millions

The longer chain servesto transfer load more

effectively to the polymer backbone by

strengthening intermolecular interactions

It has highestimpactstrength than any

thermoplastic material

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

4/22

Itis highly resistantto corrosive chemicals,

with exception of oxidizing acids

It has extremely low moisture absorption

It has a very low coefficient of friction,

Itisself-lubricating, and is highly resistantto

abrasion(15 times more resistantto abrasion

than carbon steel)

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

5/22

Its coefficient of friction issignificantly

lower than that of nylon and acetal, and is

comparable to that of Teflon, but UHMWPE

has better abrasion resistance than Teflon. Itis odorless, tasteless, and nontoxic.

High Breaking Strength

Low Weight

Low Elongation

Better Control

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

6/22

High Safety

Chemical Resistance

Soft and Better Bending

Various Colors

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

7/22

UHMWPE issynthesized from monomers ofethylene which are bonded together to formultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene(or UHMWPE)

UHMWPE is processed using the followingmethods

1. compression molding,

2. ram extrusion,

3. gel spinning,

4. sintering,

5. kneading.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

8/22

In gel spinning, a precisely-heated gel of

UHMWPE is processed by an extruder through

a spinneret

The extrudate is drawn through the air andthen cooled in a water bath.

The end-resultis a fiber with a high degree

of molecular orientation, and therefore

exceptional tensile strength.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

9/22

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

10/22

Due to high crystallinity and chemical

resistant of the fiber dyeing is very difficult.

It can not be dye through conventional ways

Advance technology is used to dye the fiber

Dyeing in super critical carbon dioxide

method is used.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

11/22

Highly oriented ultra-high molecular weight

polyethylene fibres are contacted with a dye

bath at a temperature of 100-130C for 20-

60 minutesDye bath consisting of an aqueous dispersion

of a finely ground mixture of specific dyes

and surfactants

Moulding is contacted, at a temperature ofbetween 100 and 130C, with a supercritical

liquid in which a dye is dissolved.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

12/22

Fibers are preferably modified by means of a

plasma or corona treatment prior to the

dyeing operation

The dyes are broughtinto the moulding to a

greater depth

Removed only with great difficulty, by

boiling in hexane.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

13/22

No washing step or drying step is needed

after dyeing

Good coloration occursin placesthat are

difficult of access where fibers are woundone over the other.

Supercritical liquid such as carbon dioxide,

dinitrogen oxide, ammonia, ethane or

propane are used in dyeing process.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

14/22

Dye is used which issoluble in supercritical

liquid.

Which exhibit a good affinity to highly

oriented high-molecular-weight polyethylenemouldings.

Good affinity meansthat resulting in a high

colour intensity and high resistance to

rubbing and washing.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

15/22

plate-shaped dye molecules exhibit a good

affinity

Good dyeing results are obtained when azo

dyes are used.Ar-N=N-Ar,

Ar is an aryl group

Aryl group is understood to be a benzyl or a

naphthyl group

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

16/22

If the solubility of the dye isinadequate, it

may be improved by adding moderators

Toluene, methylpyrrolidone, Decalin, glycols

or propanol.

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

17/22

used in armor,

cut-resistant gloves,

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

18/22

Fishing line,

Sport parachutes,

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

19/22

Bow strings,

paragliders

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

20/22

Medical applicationsin total joint

replacement

Skis and snowboards

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

21/22

Skating

Skateboarding

8/8/2019 Dyneema Fiber

22/22

Hockey

Rock climbing