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E-Factor: Measuring Plunger Sealing Efficiency - ALRDC · E-Factor: Measuring Plunger Sealing...

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Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Sheraton Hotel, Denver, Colorado February 23 25, 2015 E-Factor: Measuring Plunger Sealing Efficiency Manish Agarwal, Product Line Engineering Manager Hydraulic, Plunger, Capillary Lift
Transcript
Page 1: E-Factor: Measuring Plunger Sealing Efficiency - ALRDC · E-Factor: Measuring Plunger Sealing Efficiency ... each plunger to calculate pressure drop ... WFT Plungers Tested

Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Sheraton Hotel, Denver, Colorado

February 23 – 25, 2015

E-Factor: Measuring Plunger Sealing Efficiency

Manish Agarwal, Product Line Engineering Manager

Hydraulic, Plunger, Capillary Lift

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Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

2

Agenda

• Plungers – types, selection

• Plunger sealing efficiency

• Plunger Flow Fixture

• E-Factor (efficiency factor)

• WFT Plungers test results

• Comparing CFD vs Actual Test

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Plunger – types, design, features

3

PLUNGERS

PAD Plungers

RING Plungers

BRUSH Plungers

Single Pad, Dual Pad, Triple Pad

Pad design

Spring design

Ring design

Number of rings

Plunger length

Length of brush

Brush design

Brush interference

HYBRIDS

Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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4

Which one to

choose ?

http://shaletec.com

http://petrowiki.org/images/d/d8/Vol4_Page_871_Image_0001.png

Plunger – which one to choose?

Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Plunger – desirable characteristic

• Best “sealing” plunger is the one which requires

lower casing pressure to lift the same amount of

fluid.

• To accomplish above, the best plunger should have

best sealing efficiency.

5 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Measuring Plunger’s sealing efficiency

• Field testing to measure different plunger’s

sealing efficiency is very difficult –

– Changing well condition

– Line pressure

– Man power

– Time consuming

6 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Plunger Flow Fixture – Theory

7

• Hold a given plunger stationery in the

flow loop.

• Flow Nitrogen.

• Maintain consistent flowrate (Q) and

back pressure (P1) on plunger

• Measure upstream pressure (P2) for

each plunger to calculate pressure

drop (P2-P1)

Higher Pressure drop =

higher sealing efficiency

Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Plunger installation

• Plunger held stationery by

3 screws as shown.

• The arrangement allowed

the plunger to move

sideways thus centralizing

itself during flow.

8 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Test Plan & Graph

9

Back Pressure (P1) Psi

Flowrate at STP (Q) MCF/D

Plunger Upstream Pressure (P2) Psi

Plunger Drop (P2-P1) Psi

50 100

50 200

50 300

Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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E-Factor (efficiency factor)

E-Factor(300 MCF/D, 50psi) = (P2-P1)/P2 %

10

• Flow rate at STP = 300 MCF/D of Nitrogen

• Back Pressure = 50 psi

Higher E-Factor = higher pressure drop = higher sealing efficiency

Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Plunger Flow Fixture

11

PLUNGER

Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Plunger Flow Fixture

12 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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WFT Plungers Tested

• WFT Plungers (2-3/8)

– WFT Brush

– WFT Spiral 17”

– WFT Dual Pad (Long)

– WFT Dual Pad (Short)

– WFT Spiral 12”

– WFT Spiral 8”

• Can you RANK them?

• Which is better…..?

• ……..by how much? 13 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Graphical Result – WFT Plungers

14

WFT Brush

WFT Dual Pad (Long)

WFT Dual Pad (Short)

WFT Spiral 17

WFT Spiral 12

WFT Spiral 8

Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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E-Factor – WFT Plungers

15 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

E-Factor(300 MCF/D, 50psi) = (P2-P1)/P2 %

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Conclusion

• Standardized Plunger flow fixture testing

• Quantify Plunger sealing efficiency using E-Factor

• Provides tool to the industry to rank different plunger

• Help in plunger selection

16 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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CFD Analysis

• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool is used

to design and improve plunger.

• CFD results are dependent on how the problem

was defined and modelled.

• How do you know if the CFD analysis done is

accurate?

17 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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WFT Spiral Plunger 17” - CFD

18 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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WFT Spiral Plunger – CFD vs Test

19 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

• Validated accuracy of CFD model

• CFD model can be accurately used to design and

improve plungers

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Thank You

• Method of Evaluating Plungers – Nathan Bloomfield

COP, Bill Hearn COP presented at DLQ Feb 2014.

• ConocoPhillips Team

– Bill Hearne

– Nathan Bloomfield

– Sebastian Pivnicka

• Cardinal Nforgwei, Design Engineer, Weatherford.

• Peri Sabhapathy, Modeling & Simulation, Weatherford.

20 Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

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Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

21

Copyright

Rights to this presentation are owned by the company(ies) and/or author(s) listed on the title page. By submitting this presentation to the Gas Well Deliquification Workshop, they grant to the Workshop, the Artificial Lift Research and Development Council (ALRDC), and the Southwestern Petroleum Short Course (SWPSC), rights to:

– Display the presentation at the Workshop.

– Place it on the www.alrdc.com web site, with access to the site to be as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee.

– Place it on a CD for distribution and/or sale as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee.

Other use of this presentation is prohibited without the expressed written permission of the author(s). The owner company(ies) and/or author(s) may publish this material in other journals or magazines if they refer to the Gas Well Deliquification Workshop where it was first presented.

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Feb. 23 - 25, 2015 2015 Gas Well Deliquification Workshop

Denver, Colorado

22

Disclaimer

The following disclaimer shall be included as the last page of a Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Course. A similar disclaimer is included on the front page of the Gas Well Deliquification Web Site.

The Artificial Lift Research and Development Council and its officers and trustees, and the Gas Well Deliquification Workshop Steering Committee members, and their supporting organizations and companies (here-in-after referred to as the Sponsoring Organizations), and the author(s) of this Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Training Course and their company(ies), provide this presentation and/or training material at the Gas Well Deliquification Workshop "as is" without any warranty of any kind, express or implied, as to the accuracy of the information or the products or services referred to by any presenter (in so far as such warranties may be excluded under any relevant law) and these members and their companies will not be liable for unlawful actions and any losses or damage that may result from use of any presentation as a consequence of any inaccuracies in, or any omission from, the information which therein may be contained.

The views, opinions, and conclusions expressed in these presentations and/or training materials are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Sponsoring Organizations. The author is solely responsible for the content of the materials.

The Sponsoring Organizations cannot and do not warrant the accuracy of these documents beyond the source documents, although we do make every attempt to work from authoritative sources. The Sponsoring Organizations provide these presentations and/or training materials as a service. The Sponsoring Organizations make no representations or warranties, express or implied, with respect to the presentations and/or training materials, or any part thereof, including any warrantees of title, non-infringement of copyright or patent rights of others, merchantability, or fitness or suitability for any purpose.


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